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12 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– 13
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14 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– 15
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16 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– 17
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18 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– 19
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20 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– 21
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22 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– 23
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24 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– 25
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26 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– 27
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28 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 29


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30 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 31


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32 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 33


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34 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 35


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36 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 37


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38 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 39
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Õ“°“√µà“ßÊ ‡À≈à“π—πÈ ·≈–¡’√“§– ‚∑ – À√◊Õ‚¡À–§√Õ∫ß”‚¥¬‰¡à√µâŸ «— ∫â“π‡√◊Õπ ‚µä–‡°â“Õ’È µâπÀ¡“°√“°‰¡â ®–‡ÀÁπ«à“  ‘Ëß¿“¬πÕ°π—Èπ
‚ª√àß ‡∫“ ‰¡à¡’πÈ”Àπ—° ‡æ√“–‡√“‰¡à ‰¥â‡¢â“‰ª·∫°À“¡‡Õ“‰«â  à«π
°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘π—Èπ ∂â“®–ªÑÕß°—𧫓¡º‘¥æ≈“¥ °Á§«√®—∫À≈—° ®‘µ„®¢Õ߇√“π—Èπ ¡Õ߬âÕπ‡¢â“¡“®–‡ÀÁπ«à“¡—πÀπ—°¡“°∫â“ßπâÕ¬∫â“ß
„Àâ·¡àπÊ «à“ ç‡√“ªØ‘∫µ— ‡‘ æ◊ÕË √Ÿ∑â π— °‘‡≈ µ—≥À“ ∑’§Ë Õ¬·µà®–§√Õ∫ß” ∂⓬÷¥¡“°°ÁÀπ—°¡“° ¬÷¥πâÕ¬°ÁÀπ—°πâÕ¬ ¡—π¬—ß·ª≈°·¬°ÕÕ°®“°
®‘µ„® ªØ‘∫—µ‘ ‰ª®π®‘µ©≈“¥ æâπ®“°Õ”π“®¢Õß°‘‡≈ µ—≥À“é ∏√√¡™“µ‘ ∏√√¡¥“  ‘Ëß∑’Ë·ª≈°·¬°π—Ëπ·À≈–§√—∫ §◊Õ à«π‡°‘π∑’ˇ√“
‰¡à „™àªØ‘∫—µ‘‡æ◊ËÕ ‘ËßÕ◊Ëπ À“°ªØ‘∫—µ‘‚¥¬·Ωß ‘ËßÕ◊Ëπ‡¢â“‰ª ‡™à𠧫“¡ À≈ß √â“ߢ÷Èπ¡“‚¥¬√Ÿâ‰¡à‡∑à“∑—π¡“¬“¢Õß°‘‡≈ 

42 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 43


‡¡◊ËÕ√Ÿâ·≈â« °Á —߇°µ®‘µµπ‡ÕßµàÕ‰ª«à“¡—π¬‘π¥’
¬‘π√⓬µàÕ ‘ßË ∑’·Ë ª≈°ª≈Õ¡‡¢â“¡“π—πÈ À√◊Õ‰¡à ·≈â«°Á√‡âŸ √◊ÕË ¬‰ª
®π®‘µ‡ªìπ°≈“ßµàÕÕ“√¡≥å∑—Èߪ«ß ∏√√¡™“µ‘¿“¬„π°—∫
∏√√¡™“µ‘¿“¬πÕ°°Á®–‡ ¡Õ°—π §◊Õ‰¡à¡’πÈ”Àπ—°„ÀâµâÕß
·∫°À“¡µàÕ‰ª

æ√–»“ ¥“∑√ß Õπ«à“ ¢—π∏å∑—Èß ı ‡ªìπ¢ÕßÀπ—°


∫ÿ§§≈·∫°¢ÕßÀπ—°æ“‰ª ‡¢“¬àÕ¡‰¡àæ∫§«“¡ ÿ¢‡≈¬
§” Õπ¢Õßæ√–ÕߧåππÈ— §”‰Àπ°Á§”π—πÈ ¢—π∏凪ìπ¢ÕßÀπ—°
®√‘ßÊ  ”À√—∫∫“ߧπ∑’Ë¡’µ“∑’Ë®–¥ŸÕÕ°‰¥â

44 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 45


æ√–æÿ∑∏‡®â“∑à“π Õπ«à“ §«“¡‡°‘¥ §«“¡·°à
§«“¡‡®Á∫‰¢â‰¥âªÉ«¬ §«“¡µ“¬°Á‡ªìπ∑ÿ°¢å
πâÕ¬§ππ—°∑’Ëøíß∏√√¡–µ√ßπ’È·≈â«®–‡¢â“„®®√‘ßÊ
 à«π„À≠àøíß·≈â«°Á®–‡¢â“„®‡ªìπ«à“
‡√“‡°‘¥ ‡√“·°à ‡√“‡®Á∫ ‡√“µ“¬ ‡ªìπ∑ÿ°¢å
‰¡à¡’„§√‡¢â“„®®√‘ßÊ «à“§«“¡®√‘ß·≈â«
 ¿“«–¢Õߧ«“¡‡°‘¥  ¿“«–¢Õߧ«“¡·°à
 ¿“«–¢Õߧ«“¡‡®Á∫  ¿“«–¢Õߧ«“¡µ“¬
µà“ßÀ“°∑’ˇªìπ∑ÿ°¢å
‰¡à¡’ ‡√“ ∑’ˇªìπ∑ÿ°¢å
¡’‡æ’¬ß ¿“«–¢Õß√Ÿªπ“¡∑’Ë· ¥ß∂÷߉µ√≈—°…≥å
‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ µ—ÈßÕ¬Ÿà ·≈â«°Á¥—∫‰ª
§«∫§ÿ¡‰¡à‰¥â ∫—ߧ—∫„ÀâÕ¬Ÿà
„πÕ”π“®µ“¡„®ª√“√∂π“‰¡à‰¥â

46 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 47


‡¡◊ËÕ‡¢â“„®º‘¥ ¡’§«“¡‡ÀÁπº‘¥«à“ ®“°‡¥‘¡∑’ˇÀÁπ·µà«à“
√Ÿªπ“¡/°“¬„®‡ªìπµ—«‡√“ ‡æ√“–¡’ ¡ÿ∑—¬§◊Õµ—≥À“ ®÷ß∑”„À⇰‘¥∑ÿ°¢å
‡¡◊ËÕ√Ÿªπ“¡·°à ‡®Á∫ µ“¬ °Á欓¬“¡¥‘Èπ√πÀπ’ ‡√“°Á®–·®à¡·®â߇¢â“„®«à“
·µà¬‘Ëß欓¬“¡¥‘Èπ°Á¬‘Ëß∑ÿ°¢å ‡¡◊ËÕ¬‘Ëß∑ÿ°¢å°Á¬‘Ëߥ‘Èπ ‡æ√“–‡√“‰¡à√Ÿâ®—°∑ÿ°¢å§◊Õ√Ÿªπ“¡
·∑π∑’Ë®–‡ÀÁ𧫓¡®√‘ß«à“ ‚¥¬‰ª ”§—≠º‘¥«à“√Ÿªπ“¡§◊Õµ—«‡√“
§«“¡∑ÿ°¢å¡’Õ¬Ÿà·µà ‰¡à¡’ºŸâ∑ÿ°¢å ®÷ß∑”„À⇰‘¥µ—≥À“Õ—π‡ªì𧫓¡Õ¬“°
‡¡◊ËÕ„¥∑’ˇ√“ªØ‘∫—µ‘∏√√¡ ∑’Ë®–„Àâµ—«‡√“æâπ∑ÿ°¢å·≈–¡’§«“¡ ÿ¢
®π “¡“√∂‡ÀÁπ·µà ¿“«–≈â«πÊ ·≈–µ—≥À“π—Èπ‡Õß∑”„À⇰‘¥§«“¡∑ÿ°¢å∑“ß„®
Õ—πª√“»®“° —µ«å ∫ÿ§§≈ µ—«µπ ‡√“‡¢“ ∑—∫´âÕπ¢÷Èπ¡“Õ’°
‡√“®–‡¢â“„®„πÕ√‘¬ —® Ù Õ¬à“ß·®à¡·®âß Õ√‘¬ —®π’ȇªìπ∏√√¡–∑’Ë≈÷°´÷Èß≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡ ’¬®√‘ß
‡æ√“–§«“¡‰¡à‡¢â“„®Õ√‘¬ —®
 —µ«å∑—ÈßÀ≈“¬®÷ßµâÕ߇«’¬π«à“¬µ“¬‡°‘¥
Õ¬à“߉¡à¡’∑’Ë ‘Èπ ÿ¥

48 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 49


·µàÀ“°√Ÿâ∑ÿ°¢å·®à¡·®âß ‡¡◊ËÕ„¥∑’ˇ√“‡ÀÁπ«à“¡—π‡ªìπ·µà‡æ’¬ß ¿“«–≈â«πÊ
 ¡ÿ∑—¬°Á‡ªìπÕ—π∂Ÿ°≈–‚¥¬Õ—µ‚π¡—µ‘ ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ µ—ÈßÕ¬Ÿà ·≈â«°Á¥—∫‰ª
·≈â«π‘‚√∏®–ª√“°ØµàÕÀπ⓵àÕµ“„π©—∫æ≈—𠇪ìπ∑ÿ°¢å ‰¡à¡µ’ «— µπ ∫—ߧ—∫‰¡à‰¥â
°“√√Ÿâ∑ÿ°¢å®π≈– ¡ÿ∑—¬·®âßπ‘‚√∏ ‡√“°Á®–‡°‘¥ ¿“«– —°·µà«à“¥Ÿ
π’È·À≈–§◊ÕÕ√‘¬¡√√§  —°·µà«à“√Ÿâ  —°·µà«à“‡ÀÁπ
Õ—π‡ªìπ∑“ß “¬‡¥’¬«∑’Ë®–𔉪 Ÿà ‰¡à‡°‘¥µ—≥À“„π ¿“«–π—ÈπÊ Õ’°
§«“¡æâπ∑ÿ°¢å∂“«√‰¥â ( ¿“«–‡ªì𧫓¡√Ÿâ ÷°
‰¡à¡’§«“¡§‘¥π÷°„π ¿“«–π—Èπ)

æ√–ª√“‚¡∑¬å ª“‚¡™⁄‚™

50 ·¥à‡∏ÕºŸâ¡“„À¡à: ‡√◊ËÕ߇√’¬∫ßà“¬·≈–∏√√¡¥“∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“∏√√¡– ·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∏√√¡‚¥¬ —߇¢ª 51


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