1.(a) Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix 16 8 ( 2 ‘) Sketch a phase pont forthe system & = Bx and its comesponding canonical form. (b) Carry out the same procedures as in part (a) for the system FS-dy—8y, f= -2y, 2. Sketch phase portraits for the following linear systems: (a) #20, pax42y: (b) Fax 42y, PHO; () i= 3x t4y, f= 4x—3y; (x =a +3y; @iny, 2y; Wa=x-y, poy-x 3. A very simple mechanical oscillator can be modeled using the second-order differential equation ax +n 425, 0, da tg +25" = 0. where x measures displacement from equilibrium, (a) Rewrite this equation as a linear first-order system by setting & = y. (b) Sketch phase portraits when (i) 4 = —8, Gi) x = 0, (iil) fe = 8, and i) w= 26. (©) Describe the dynamical behavior in each case given that x(0) = 1 and +0) Plot the corresponding solutions in the tx plane. 4, Plot phase portraits forthe following systems: @e=y faxnytws () = 42,5 We * for je <0, fe =0,and 1 > 0. 7. An age-dependent population can be modeled by the differential equations B=B+ pla—bp), B= Ble +(a—bp)). ‘where p is the population, fis the birth rate, and a,b, and ¢ are all positive ‘constants, Find the critical points ofthis system and determine the long-term solution,