In[1]:=  Integrate 1/(7500 + x^2)^2 , x

Indefinite integrals (2 of 2)

Indefinite integrals: Approximate form Hide steps

Integrate[1 / (7500 + x ^ 2) ^ 2, x]

+ 3 tan-1  
150 x x
x2 +7500
 x  + constant
1

7500 + x2 
50 3
2 2 250 000

Possible intermediate steps:

Take the integral:

 x
1

x2 + 7500
2

, substitute x  50 3 tan(u) and  x  50 3 sec2 (u)

1

x2 + 7500
For the integrand
2

 u. Then x2 + 7500  7500 tan2 (u) + 7500  56 250 000 sec4 (u) and u  tan-1
2 2

x
:

cos2 (u)
50 3

 50 3  u
56 250 000

Factor out constants:

  cos (u)  u
1 2

375 000 3

Write cos2 (u) as cos(2 u) + :

1 1
2 2
  cos(2 u) + u
1 1 1

375 000 3 2 2

Integrate the sum term by term and factor out constants:

  cos(2 u)  u +  1 u
1 1

750 000 3 750 000 3

For the integrand cos(2 u), substitute s  2 u and  s  2  u:

  cos(s)  s +  1 u
1 1

1 500 000 3 750 000 3

The integral of cos(s) is sin(s):

+ 
sin(s) 1
2

 +  1 u
sin(s) 1


1 500 000 3 750 000 3

The integral of 1 is u:

 + + constant
sin(s) u

1 500 000 3 750 000 3

Substitute back for s  2 u:

 + + constant
u sin(u) cos(u)

750 000 3 750 000 3

Substitute back for u  tan-1

x
:

tan-1   sintan-1   costan-1  

50 3
x x x

 + + constant
50 3 50 3 50 3

750 000 3 750 000 3

Simplify using costan-1 (z)  and sintan-1 (z) 

1 z

z +1 z +1
:
2 2

Answer:

+ 3 tan-1  
150 x x
x2 +7500
 + constant
50 3

2 250 000

tan-1 (x) is the inverse tangent function »

sec(x) is the secant function »

Plots of the integral:

Plot[((150 * x) / (7500 + x ^ 2) + Sqrt[3] * ArcTan[x / (50 * Sqrt[3])]) /

2 250 000, {x, - 87, 87}]

min max

Plot[((150 * x) / (7500 + x ^ 2) + Sqrt[3] * ArcTan[x / (50 * Sqrt[3])]) /

2 250 000, {x, - 523, 523}]
 3

min max

Alternate forms of the integral:

Factor[((150 * x) / (7500 + x ^ 2) + Sqrt[3] * ArcTan[x / (50 * Sqrt[3])]) /

2 250 000]

3 x2 tan-1   + 150 x + 7500 3 tan-1  

x x

+ constant
2 250 000 x2 + 7500
50 3 50 3

TrigToExp[
((150 * x) / (7500 + x ^ 2) + Sqrt[3] * ArcTan[x / (50 * Sqrt[3])]) /
2 250 000]

 log1 -   log1 + 
x x

+ - + constant
x
15 000 x2 + 7500
50 3 50 3

1 500 000 3 1 500 000 3

log(x) is the natural logarithm »

Expanded form of the integral: Step-by-step solution

tan-1  
x

+ + constant
x
15 000 x2 + 7500
50 3

750 000 3

Series expansion of the integral at x=0:

Series[((150 * x) / (7500 + x ^ 2) + Sqrt[3] * ArcTan[x / (50 * Sqrt[3])]) /

2 250 000, {x, 0, 4}]

- + + Ox6 
x x3 x5
56 250 000 632 812 500 000 5 273 437 500 000 000
(Taylor series)

Big- O notation »

Series expansion of the integral at x=-50 i sqrt(3):

Series[((150 * x) / (7500 + x ^ 2) + Sqrt[3] * ArcTan[x / (50 * Sqrt[3])]) /

2 250 000, {x, (- 50 * I) * Sqrt[3], 4}]

+
1 75
2 250 000 x + 50  3

3 2  logx + 50  3  - 4  log(5) -  log(3) - 4  log(2) + π +  +

1
4

+ -
4

x + 50  3  + Ox + 50  3 -
3

2

400

-argx + 50  3  - arg +π

- 3 x-150 

3 π
3 - x

2π
50

arg(z) is the complex argument »

⌊x⌋ is the floor function »
Big- O notation »

Series expansion of the integral at x=50 i sqrt(3):

Series[((150 * x) / (7500 + x ^ 2) + Sqrt[3] * ArcTan[x / (50 * Sqrt[3])]) /

2 250 000, {x, (50 * I) * Sqrt[3], 4}]

+
1 75
2 250 000 x - 50  3

3 -2  logx - 50  3  + 4  log(5) +  log(3) + 4  log(2) + π -  +

1
4

x - 50  3  + Ox - 50  3 +
3 2

400

-argx - 50  3  - arg +π

150 - 3 x

3 π
 x+50

2π
3

Big- O notation »

Series expansion of the integral at x=∞:

Series[((150 * x) / (7500 + x ^ 2) + Sqrt[3] * ArcTan[x / (50 * Sqrt[3])]) /

2 250 000, {x, Infinity, 4}]

π
- + +O
1 3000 1 6

1 500 000 3 3 x3 x5 x
(Laurent series)

Big- O notation »

Definite integral:

More digits

N[Integrate[(7500 + x ^ 2) ^ (- 2), {x, 0, Infinity}]]

∞ π
 x  ≈ 1.2092 × 10-6
1
0 7500 + x  2 2
1 500 000 3


x

+
ArcTan
x
15 000 7500 + x2 
50 3
Out[1]=
750 000 3