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(Smiljan, actual Croacia, 1856 - Nueva York, 1943) Fsico estadounidense de origen
serbio. Estudi en las universidades de Graz (Austria) y Praga. Despus de
habertrabajado en varias industrias elctricas en Pars y en Budapest, se traslad a Estados
Unidos (1882), donde trabaj a las rdenes de Thomas A. Edison, entonces partidario de
la corriente elctrica continua.
Nikola Tesla
En 1891 Tesla invent la bobina que lleva su nombre, que consiste en un trasformador
que consta de un ncleo de aire y con espirales primaria y secundaria en resonancia
paralela. Con esta bobina fue capaz de crear un campo de alta tensin y alta frecuencia.
Dos aos despus descubri el fenmeno de carcter ondulatorio denominado "luz de
Tesla" en las corrientes alternas de alta tensin y alta frecuencia; mediante el estudio de
estas corrientes, observ que las lmparas de incandescencia de un nico polo emiten luz
cuando se las aproxima a un conductor por el que pasa corriente elctrica, y que los tubos
de vidrio vacos brillan aunque carezcan de electrodo si se les conecta por uno de sus
extremos y se aproxima el otro a un conductor por el que fluye corriente de alta
frecuencia. Tambin se percat de que el cuerpo humano es capaz de conducir estas
corrientes de alta frecuencia sin experimentar dao alguno.
(Smiljan, today Croatia, 1856 - New York, 1943) Physical American of Serbian
origin. He studied at the Universities of Graz (Austria) and Prague. Having worked in
various electrical industries in Paris and Budapest, he moved to the United States (1882),
where he worked under the direction of Thomas A. Edison, then a supporter of electric
current.
Nikola Tesla
The incessant disputes with Edison forced its abandonment of the company and its
association with G. Westinghouse, who bought the patents of its motor and a transformer
which facilitated the distribution of this type of power to end users. Both won the battle
of the distribution of energy, transport because AC is cheaper and simpler than
continuous. In 1893 the system was adopted by a hydroelectric power station at Niagara
Falls.
Tesla founded in New York electrotechnical research laboratory where he discovered the
principle of the rotating magnetic field and the polyphase alternating current systems. He
created the first electric motor AC induction electric mills and many others like Tesla
assembly called a radio frequency transformer in which the primary and secondary are
tuned, useful when preset input of a radio receiver. Predicted the possibility of wireless
communications in advance of the studies carried out by Marconi, and in his honor
called tesla unit of measurement of the intensity of the magnetic flux in the international
system.
His inventions and patents followed fairly quickly. In 1887, as a result of the discovery
made by John Hopkinson in 1880, according to which three alternating currents and phase
with each other can be moved more easily than a normal AC way, Tesla invented the
induction motor AC.
In this engine the three phases acting on the armature is achieved so that it to rotate to
generate a rotating magnetic field. However, the rotor is moved with a certain delay
compared to the current frequency. Based on this invention, the Swedish Ernst Danielson
invented in 1902 the synchronous motor, which replaced the material induced, it was not
magnetic, permanent magnet or electromagnet, which allowed him to get a motor rotating
a number of rpm equal to the frequency of the current.
In 1891 he invented the Tesla coil that bears his name, which consists of a transformer
consisting of an air core and primary and secondary coils in parallel resonance. With this
coil was able to create a field of high voltage and high frequency. Two years later he
discovered the phenomenon of wave character called "light Tesla" alternating currents in
high voltage and high frequency; by studying these trends, he noted that incandescent
lamps of a single pole emit light when they are approaching a driver by passing electric
current, and that the tubes empty glass gleam even if they lack electrode if they are
connected by one end and the other approaches to a conductor carrying high frequency
current flows. He also noticed that the human body is capable of driving these high
frequency currents without suffering damage.