Exercises 5-1. Assume that you have discovered a reservoir which contains a mixture of ethane and n-heptane. Plot on Figure 2-37 the initial reservoir conditions of 1300 psia and 300°F. Connect that point to final reservoir conditions of 400 psia and 300°F, Also plot ‘space conditions of 100 psia and 150°F. If the reservoir fluid is the same as mixture 2 on the graph, how should it be classified? b. If the reservoir fluid is the same as mixture 3 on the graph, how should it be classified? c. If the reservoir fluid is the same as mixture 4 on the graph, how should it be classified? d. If the reservoir fluid is the same as mixture 5 on the graph, how should it be classified? e. Ifthe reservoir fluid is the same as mixture 6 on the graph, how should it be classified? NOTE: A reservoir fluid consisting solely of ethane and n- heptane is totally unrealistic, as are the given reservoir conditions. However, the exercise illustrates how chang- ing fluid composition affects the way a fluid is classified 5-2. The following notices were taken from the Bryan-College Station Eagie, Sunday, September 15, 1985. Make an estimate of the type of reservoir fluid in each reservoir. At a location 5,8 miles south-southeast of Kurten, International Drilling System has finaled a new producer in Brazos County’s Buda Field. The well is designed as the No. 1 Cargill/Chase, flowed ten barrels of oil per day, along with 50,000 CF casinghead gas on an 18/64-in. choke. Location is in an 814-acre lease in the B.F. Stroud Survey. Bottomed at 10,059 feet, the well will produce from perforations in the Buda Formation, 9,799 to 10,042 feet into the wellbore. Patterson Petroleum of Houston filed first production figures on a new oil well in the Giddings Field, Washington County. The No. 1 Fischer showed potential to flow 350 barrels of oil per day, along with 750,000 CF casinghead gas on a 20/64-in. choke. Tubing pres- sure registered 1,100 PSI.5-4 5-5. The operator has 160 acres leased, with drillsite in the J. Goocher Survey, 7.5 miles north of Burton. The well will produce from perforations in the Austin Chalk, 10,222 to 10,392 feet into the wellbore, Total drilling depth was 10,471 feet. HEA Exploration has filed first production figures on two new oil wells in Brazos County. The No. 1 A. Varisco Estate indicated ability to flow 368 barrels of oil per day, plus 447,000 CF casinghead gas on a 16/64-in. choke. Tubing pressure registered 1,125 PSI. The well is located two miles southwest of Fountain in a 71-acre lewse in the D. Harvey Survey, Northeast Caldwell Field. What other field data would you like to have to verify your estimates? |. The average gas-oil ratio produced from the Upper Washita- Fredericksburg formation of the Summerland Field is 275 scf/STB. The gravity of the produced oil is 26°API. The color of the stock- tank oil is black. What type of reservoir fluid is in this formation? Laboratory analysis of a sample from the Summerland (Upper Washita-Fredericksburg) Field indicates a ratio of volume oil leaving the reservoir to volume of oil arriving at the stock tank of 1.10 res bb/STB. Does this information confirm your answer to Exercise 5-3? Why or why not? One of the wells in the Merit Field, completed in December 1967 in the North Rodessa formation, originally produced 54°API stock- tank liquid at a gas-oil ratio of about 23,000 scf/STB. During July 1969, the well produced 1987 STB of 58°API liquid and 78,946 Mscf of gas. In May 1972, the well was producing liquid at a rate of about 30 STB/d of 59°API liquid and gas at about 2000 Mscf/d. What type of reservoir fluid is this well producing? . A field in north Louisiana discovered in 1953 and developed by 1956 had an initial producing gas-oil ratio of 2000 scf/STB.> The stock-tank liquid was ‘‘medium orange” and had a gravity of 51.2°API. Classify this reservoir fluid. - During the producing history of the field in Exercise 5-6 the stock-tank liquid gravity steadily increased to 63°API, and the producing gas-oil ratio increased to a maximum of 29,000 scf/STB.* Does this information confirm your classification’? Why or why not?5-8. Laboratory analysis of a sample from the reservoir of Exercise 5—6 gave the following composition.’ ‘Component Composition, male fraction CO, 0.0218 Ne o.01e7 Gy 0.6057 Ge 0.0752 Ce 0.0474 Cre 0.0412 Cos 0.0287 Cas 0.0138 Cia 0.1454 4.0000 Properties of heptanes plus Specific gravity O79 Moleoular weight 181 Iblb mole The formation volume factor was about 2.6 res bbI/STB. Does this information confirm your classification? Why or why not? The Sundance et al. Hoadley 6—-2-45-2w5m discovery well in the Hoadley (Lower Cretaceous Glauconite) Field yielded an absolute open flow of 76 MMsef/d with 60 bbl of stock-tank liquid per MMscf of gas. Classify the reserveir fluid type. What other field information would you like to have to confirm your classification? . The initial reservoir pressure and temperature in the Lower Tuscaloosa rescrvow of the East Fork Field was 5043 psig and 263°F. The bubble-point pressure of the 40°API oil plus 1110 scfSTB of gas produced from this field was measured as 3460 psig at 263°F, What type of reservoir fluid is in this reservoir? Is the reservoir oi] saturated or undersaturated? How do you know? . The reported production from the discovery well of the Nancy (Norphiet) Field is given below. How would you classify this teservoir fluid? Why?gravity, "API Ol, STB Gas, Msct 9796 29 4.276 1,185 10/88 28 16,108 5,270 11786 28 15,232 4,800 12/86 28 15,585 4,960 u87 28 15.226 4,650 287 26 14,147 2,335 x 387 28 15,720 4.207 487 28 15,685 4,904 S87 28 15,434 4379 687 28 12,862 48 7187 cy 14,878 4814 * eer? 28 15,192 4,270 5-12. A discovery well produced during testing 46.6°API stock-tank liquid with a gas rate of 2906 scf/STB. The stock-tank liquid was orange-brown. How would you classify this reservoir fluid? 5-13. The reservoir fluid of Exercise 5-12 was sampled and the composition determined. i vent Compasition, PZERHIOOEY i | ? . oe B ge Also, the oil formation volume factor was measured as 2.504 res bbl/STB. Does this information confirm your previous analysis? If so, in what ways?5-14. The Crown Zellerbach No. 1 was the discovery well in the Hooker (Rodessa) Ficld. The reported production during the first year of production is given below. How would you classify this reservoir fluid? Why? Date ‘Stock-tank Liquid Monthly Production Gravity, “API Oil, STS__Water, STB Gas, Msct Apr 1984 — 2 _ 3,362 May 1984 5S 1,810 12,090 54,809 Jun 1984 SS 2,519 180 64,104 Jui 1984 3S 3,290 240 94,419 Aug 1984 56 3,722 279 119,151 Sep 1984 54 2,780 248 100,235 Oct 1984 5s 3,137 270 113,359 Nov 1984 56 2.291 210 80,083 Dec 1984 56 2,108 217 412 Jan 1985 56 1,799 203 60,279 Feb 1965, 56 1,422 196 87,626 Mar 1965, 56 1,861 186 60,330 5-15. The discovery well in the Splunge (Mississippian-Carter) Field was completed in 1973. As of January 1985, the field had 16 wells which bad produced a total of 623,000 Mscf, 43 bbl of water, and no oil. How would you classify the fluid in this reservoir? 5-16. The following item was in the December 14, 1987 edition of Oil & Gas Journal. Mobil Exploration Norway Inc. discovered gas and condensate in its 35/11—2 wildcat on Norwegian North Sea Block 35/11, The well, drilled to 13,205 ft in 1,210 ft of water north of Trol! gas field, flowed at maximum sustained rates of 18.8 MMcfd of gas and 3,290 b/d of condensate through a 40/64-in. choke. How would you classify the reservoir fluid? What other information would you request?5-17. The annual production statistics for the West Oakvale (Sligo) Field are given below Date ‘Stock-tank Liquid Annual Production Gravity, "API Oil, STB Water, STB_Gas, Mscf 1962 46 4,648 1,484 463,285 1983 50 2,608 4177 342,075 1984 a7 1,350 1,215 241,048 1985 48 1,430 32 221,020 1986 50 1,662, 1,922 (267,106 “1987, 51 1,110 665 178,951 “through August 1987 Classify this reservoir fluid. References 1. Clark, N.J.: Elements of Petrolewn Reservoirs, Henry L. Doherty Series, SPE, Dallas (1960). 2. Moses, P.L.: “Engineering Applications of Phase Behavior of Crude Oil and Condensate Systems,” J. Pet. Tech. (July 1986) 38, 715-723. 3. Jacoby, R.H. and Berry, V.J., Jr: “A Method for Predicting Depletion Performance of a Reservoir Producing Volatile Crude Oil,” Trans., AIME (1957) 210, 27-33. 4. Cordell, J.C. and Ebert, C.K.: “A Case History-Comparison of Predicted and Actual Performance of a Reservoir Producing Volatile Crude Oil,” J. Pet. Tech. (November 1965) 17, 1291-1293.Fig. 2-37. Phase diagrams of mixtures of ethane and n-heptane, Temperoture, deg F