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Columnas Concentricas PDF
Columnas Concentricas PDF
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J#%)"- 3#+ )"!0- %- #C',)# &!"1! )"!%,=#",!+ !+1(%!6 -" &-%,'1('#%)# #+ )2"0'%- 3#+ ,#1(%3-
0'#0F"- 3# +! #&(!&'.% 4567;9 #, %(+-* < +! ,-+(&'.% /-0-12%#! 3# #,)! #&(!&'.% 3!3! B-" +!
4567?6!9 ,#"G +! ,-+(&'.% &-0B+#)!6 L!, &-%3'&'-%#, #% #+ &-%)-"%- ,-%>
v (0) = 0 v (L) = 0 M (0) = M0 M (L) = M0
(#,)- M(# M (x) = EIv * &-% !<(3! 3# +!, #&(!&'-%#, 4567?6!9 < 4567?6&9 #,)!, &-%3'&'-%#,
3!%
v (0) = +C2 +C4 =0
v (L) = +C1 ,#% (L) +C2 cos (L) +C3 L +C4 =0
M (0) = C2 EI2 = M0
M (L) = C1 EI2 ,#% (L) C2 EI2 cos (L) = M0
N#,-+='#%3- +!, &(!)"- #&(!&'-%#, #% $-"0! ,'0(+)G%#!*
M0 1 cos (L) M0
C1 = * C2 = C4 = < C3 = 0
P ,#% (L) P
-" +- )!%)- +! #&(!&'.% 3# +! #+G,)'&! #,
M0 1 cos (L)
v (x) = ,#% (x) + cos (x) 1 4567O9
P ,#% (L)
@+ 0GC'0- 3#,B+!H!0'#%)- -&(""# B!"! x = L/26 J#,B(2, 3# !+1(%!, ,'0B+'D&!&'-%#, ,# #%:
&(#%)"! M(# #,
,#%2
" #
L
M0 L M0 L
vmax = L
2
+ cos 1 = sec 1 4567P9
P cos 2
2 P 2
;8
! "#$%& "%"'()% *'+)%& %+,&&' )#"-./( '( x = L/20 1, 2#!%& "34."% #-5%!,)% '5
L
Mmax = |M0 P vmax | = M0 sec 670879
2
5 .":%&)#()' %-5'&2#& ;,' '( ".'"-&%5 <'!=#<%5 !%5 "%"'()%5 *'+)%&'5 :,'<'( #,"'()#&
5,-5)#(+.#!"'()' :%& !# :&'5'(+.# <' >,'&?#5 #4.#!'5 <' +%":&'5.@(0 A,#(<% '4.5)'( )#!'5 >,'&?#5B
#,"'()#( !%5 <'5:!#?#".'()%5 +#,5#<%5 :%& !# +#&=# )&#(52'&5#!B C.=,&# 70D0-0 ( '! +#5% <' >,'&?#5
<' )&#++.@( !%5 <'5:!#?#".'()%5 <.5".(,$'(0
P P
P
Condicin inestable
de equlibrio
F
F=0
Punto de
bifurcacin F grande
L P c=k/L
F pequea
6#9 6-9
C.=,&# 70OL A%":%&)#".'()% <' :#(<'% <' ,(# -#&&# &I=.<#
K# -#&&# &I=.<# <' !# C.=,&# 70O0# :,'<' '4:'&."'()#& 5@!% &%)#+.@(B $# ;,' (% 5' :,'<'
*'4.%(#&P '5 <'+.&B '! 5.5)'"# ).'(' ,( =&#<% <' !.-'&)#<0 J#&# ,(# &%)#+.@( 5,:,'5)#B B '! "%"'()%
OO
! " # $%#& '# $&()#(*%#+ $ k , - .%! F = 0, " /%/ !&% 0) 1#%*). P '1 #&)#2(*%#+ $ #3
P L$ ! P L, 1%# "% &(!&%, $4
- $4
k < P L, " $4$& /( $ 4! $&(2" 5
67(.&(/ !& ! " 1)!&% * &#(!$4.48! k = P L , " 0)4"42#4% !% $ $&(2" !4 4! $&(2" $4!%
! )&#% '% 4!*49 # !& +5 :( 9) #;( ($%.4(*( ( $&( .%!*4.48! $ "( .(#<( 1(!* % % .#=&4.(, 0) $
* $4<!(#3 1%# PC 5 >(#( " $4$& /( .%!$4* #(*%
k
PC = '?5@A+
L
6$&( .%!*4.48! $&(2" . " .%/4 !;% * " 1(!* %5 B%! $&( 9) #;( *%$ 1%$4.4%! $ * 0)4"42#4%
$%! 1%$42" $, "( 9%#/( C #&4.(" - )!( 9%#/( 4!."4!(*( 4!D!4& $4/("/ !& 1#874/( ( ""(5 >%# "%
&(!&%, .%/% $ 1%$42" $ <)4# *%$ #(/($ % .(/4!%$ ! "( $%").48!, ( $&( .%!*4.48! $ "( ""(/(
!"#$ %& '()!*+,+(-" * "( $%").48! * 0)4"42#4%5 >(#( P > k/L " $4$& /( $ 4! $&(2" 5 B%/%
"( $%").48! E( $4*% "4! ("4;(*( !% E(- 1%$424"4*(* * 0) $ ( (#24&#(#4(/ !& <#(!* ! PC 5
B%!$4* #(!*% <#(!* $ * $1"(;(/4 !&%$, E(- $4 /1# )! 1)!&% * 0)4"42#4% $&(2" ! < .
6" .%/1%#&(/4 !&% * .%")/!($ "3$&4.($, .(#<(*($ .%!.F!.(/ !& - 1 #9 .&(/ !& # .&($,
$ * .4# .%")/!($ 4* (" $, $ (!3"%<% (" .%/1%#&(/4 !&% * $.#41&% ! " $ !.4""% G /1"% (!& #4%#5
H 1(#&4# * )!( 9%#/)"(.48! "4! ("4;(*( * " 1#%2" /( $ 1) * * & #/4!(# "($ .(#<($ .#=&4.($ *
1(!* %5 H"<)!%$ G /1"%$ $ *(#3! ! "($ $4<)4 !& $ $ ..4%! $5
:($ .(#<($ .#=&4.($ !% * $.#42 ! "( (..48! * " 1(!* % /4$/%5 I&4"4;(!*% )!( .)(.48! *49 # !J
.4(" 7(.&( * "( .)#C( "3$&4.( 1(#( * K 74%! $ <#(!* $, $ 1%$42" E(""(# 1%$4.4%! $ * 0)4"42#4%
/3$ ("&($ 0) PC , .%## $1%!*4 !& ( "( 9) #;( (1"4.(*( P 5 :%$ # $)"&(*%$ * &(" (!3"4$4$ $ 4")$&#(!
! "( L4<)#( ?5M5 N%&(# $1 .4("/ !& 0) ()/ !&(!*% P ! $8"% 1,5 %PC $%2# PC $ 1#%*).
)! * $1"(;(/4 !&% "(& #(" /374/% * " 22 % * "( "%!<4&)* * "( .%")/!( 5 >%# #(;%! $ 1#3.&4.($,
* $1"(;(/4 !&%$ &(! <#(!* $ #(#( C ; 1) * ! $ # (. 1&(*%$5 H* /3$, 1%# "% < ! #(" " /(& #4("
!% 1) * # $4$&4# "%$ $9) #;%$ * K 748! 4!*).4*%$5 >%# "% &(!&%, "($ .%")/!($ # (" $ 9(""(! 4! "3$J
&4.(/ !& 5 6! "( <#(! /(-%#=( * "($ (1"4.(.4%! $ * 4!< !4 #=( PC # 1# $ !&( "( .(1(.4*(* O"&4/(
* )!( .%")/!( # .&( .(#<(*( (74("/ !& ! 9%#/( .%!.F!.(5
RM
P
vmax Solucin exacta
Punto de
bifurcacin 1.015P C
Solucin
linealizada
0.22L
vmax
0
!" #"
d2 v
+ 2 v = 0 )*>?"
dx2
97 @68%5 A2( B'2 271! 28'!8%<3 27 5! 0!(12 ;./.&C32! 42 5! )*D" 0!(! '3! A%&! 8.5'/3! 8.3
2E1(2/.7 !(1%8'5!4.7* F' 7.5'8%<3 27
! (!,0. C 2 = 04 1
v (L) = 0 = C1 !" (L) #$%&8'
9+ !,6+,0:" #$%&8' ! 36!(! +-0 ;+,!. -)2+"() C 1 = 0% <)2) ! -) ,)..! 3)"(! + *+ ,)"(0,0:"
0" 3+"(!)4 ! -+ )*6,0:" ! -.0=0+*% >*-!."+-0=+2!"-! *+ !,6+,0:" #$%&8' -+2/0?" ! +-0 ;+,! 0
r
P
L = L = n #$%&@'
EI
()"(! n ! 6" !"-!.)% 7" ! -+ !,6+,0:" *) =+*).! ,+.+,-!.A -0,) ) !"#$ %#&'( 3+.+ -+* !,6+,0:"
(0;!.!",0+*4 56! B+,!" 3) 0/*! 6"+ ;).2+ (! 3+"(!)4 .!560!.!" 56!C
n2 2 EI
Pn = #$%&D'
L2
DE
P P PC 4P C 9P C
y,v
x
n=1 n=2 n=3
M=-Pv
'()*+! ,-./ 012*34! $14 &56+&317 !+6($*2!%17 8 7*7 6+&7 9+(3&+17 31%17 %& 9!4%&1-
:& 7*914%+; &4 &76& $!71 <*& n 9*&%& 7&+ $*!2<*(&+ 4=3&+1 &46&+1- :(4 &3#!+)1> 9*&761 <*& &2
(46&+?7 7& $&46+! &4 &2 @!21+ 3A4(31 $14 <*& 9*&%& 1$*++(+ &2 9!4%&1> n 7& %&#& 613!+ ()*!2 ! 2!
*4(%!%- B1+ 21 6!461> 2! $!+)! $+A6($! 1 $!+)! %& 9!4%&1 %& C*2&+" 9!+! *4! $12*34! !+6($*2!%!
&4 !3#17 &56+&317 &7
2 EI
PC = ,-DE"
L2
%14%& I %&#& 7&+ &2 313&461 %& (4&+$(! 3A4(31 %&2 ;+&! 6+!47@&+7!2 %& 2! $12*34! 8 L 2! 214)(6*%
%& 2! 3(73!- C76& $!71 %& *4! $12*34! !+6($*2!%! &4 !3#17 &56+&317 $14 F+&$*&4$(! 7& 21 %&413(4!
&2 !"# $%&'!()&*!+ -
:*#76(6*8&4%1 2! &$*!$(G4 ,-DH" &4 2! ,-DD"> 7!#(&4%1 <*& C2 &7 $&+1> 7& 1#6(&4& &2 31%1 1
F1+3! %& 9!4%&1 %& 2! $12*34!/ nx
v = C1 7&4 ,-D."
L
C76! &7 2! F*4$(G4 $!+!$6&+A76($! 1 !%*#$%& ,-& %& &76& 9+1#2&3! 8 9*&761 <*& n 9*&%& 613!+
$*!2<*(&+ @!21+ &46&+1> I!8 *4 4=3&+1 (4J4(61 %& 6!2&7 F*4$(14&7- C4 &76! 712*$(G4 2(4&!2(K!%!
2! !392(6*% C1 %&2 31%1 %& 9!4%&1 9&+3!4&$& (4%&6&+3(4!%!- B!+! n = 1> 2! $*+@! &2;76($! &7
3&%(! 14%! %& *4! 7(4*71(%&- C76! F1+3!> L*461 $14 217 31%17 $1++&7914%(&46&7 ! n=2 8 n = 3>
7& 3*&76+!4 &4 2! '()*+! ,-.-$M&- N17 31%17 %& 1+%&4 7*9&+(1+ 41 6(&4&4 7()4(J$!%1 FA7($1 &4 &2
9+1#2&3! %& 9!4%&1> 9*&761 <*& 2! $!+)! $+A6($! 3A4(3! 1$*++& &4 n = 1-
O4! 712*$(G4 !26&+4!6(@! %&2 9+1#2&3! !46&+(1+ 7& 9*&%& 1#6&4&+ *6(2(K!4%1 2! &$*!$(G4 %(F&M
+&4$(!2 ()*!2!%! ! $&+1- P& 2! &$*!$(G4 6!2 &$*!$(G4 &7
d4 v 2
2d v
+ =0 ,-DQ"
dx4 dx2
B!+! &2 $!71 $147(%&+!%1 !+6($*2!%1 &4 !3#17 &56+&317"> 2!7 $14%($(14&7 %& #1+%& 714/
v (0) = 0> v (L) = 0> M (0) = EIv (0) = 0 8 M (L) = EIv (L) = 0
RQ
!"#"$%&'( )*!%* +(&'"+"(&)* +(& #% *(#,+"-& .(/(01&)% ') #% )+,%+"-& 234 5,&!( +(& *, ')6"7%'%
*)0,&'% '%'%* 8(6 #%* )+,%+"(&)* 29% : +34 *) (;!")&)
+C2 +C4 =0
+C1 *)& (L) +C2 cos (L) +C3 L +C4 =0
C2 2 EI =0
C1 EI2 *)& (L) C2 EI2 cos (L) =0
<%6% )*!) *"*!)/% ') )+,%+"(&)* C14 C24 C3 : C4 8('6=%& *)6 !('(* "0,%#)* % +)6(4 #( +,%# '%6=%
,&% *(#,+"-& !6"7"%#9 >#!)6&%!"7%/)&!)4 8%6% (;!)&)6 ,&% *(#,+"-& &( !6"7"%# *) ');) %&,#%6 )#
')!)6/"&%&!) ') #% /%!6"$ ') +()?+")&!)* ')# *"*!)/% ') )+,%+"(&)* .(/(01&)%*9 <(6 #( !%&!( +(&
2 EI = P
0 1 0 1
*)& (L)
cos (L) L 1
=0
0 P 0 0
P *)& (L) P cos (L)
0 0
@% )7%#,%+"-& ') )*!) ')!)6/"&%&!) +(&',+) % *)& (L) = 04 A,) )* 86)+"*%/)&!) #% +(&'"+"-& '%'%
8(6 #% )+,%+"-& 2B9CD39
E*!) /1!('( )* 7)&!%5(*( )& 86(;#)/%* +(& '"F)6)&!)* +(&'"+"(&)* ') +(&!(6&( )& A,) #% F,)6$%
%G"%# : )# 86(',+!( EI 8)6/%&)+)& +(&*!%&!)* )& !('% #% #(&0"!,' ') #% +(#,/&%9 E# /1!('( &(
*) 8,)') %8#"+%6 *" #% F,)6$% %G"%# *) )G!")&') *-#( *(;6) ,&% 8%6!) ') ,& /")/;6(9
! "#$%& '& ()!&* &(+,%-.,* $.! -&/0&-1#$ &2%&-!#$ 3 ,#! 0! "&$*'# %-*!$/#-4*'#- $#"#-%*'# $#5-& $0 "*-%&
$0"&-.#- &$ 0! &6&4"(#7
QB
P P P P
L/4
L
Le=0.7L
L=Le Le=L/2
Le=2L
0.3L L/4
83* 6! %'82!1$'! 312*3 608 9)1208 %3 '1:3;'<1 %3 6!8 $)*5!8 36=82'$!8 0 6!8 !*2'$)6!$'0138> 8' 6!8 ?!@,
/! 601('2)% 343$2'5! %3 )1! $06)71!> Le > 31 36 $!80 4)1%!7312!6 38 '()!6 ! L> 93*0 31 608 $!808
!123*'0*38 38 2L> 0,7L @ 0,5L> *3893$2'5!73123, A!*! 36 $!80 (313*!6> Le = KL> %01%3 K 38 36
!"#$% &' ($)*+#,& ' '"#+-! > 36 $)!6 %3931%3 %3 6!8 *382*'$$'0138 31 608 3;2*3708,
B1 $012*!823 $01 608 $!808 $6=8'$08 C)3 83 7)382*!1 31 6! &'()*! +,-> 608 7'37#*08 ! $079*38'<1
*3!638 *!*! 53D 382=1 53*%!%3*!73123 !*2'$)6!%08 0 $079632!73123 37902*!%08 EF08 $012*! 6!
*02!$'<1" 31 608 3;2*3708, G3#'%0 ! 6! '1$3*2'%)7#*3 *3893$20 !6 (*!%0 %3 EF!$'<1 %3 608 3;2*3708>
! 731)%0 6!8 $06)71!8 83 8)90131 $01 !*2'$)6!$'0138 31 %'$?!8 9!*238, H01 3;$39$'<1 %36 $!80
C)3 83 7)382*! 31 6! &'()*! +,-,#> %01%3 10 83 9)3%3 )2'6'D!*> 3823 9*0$3%'7'3120 38 $0183*5!%0*,
/!8 3$)!$'0138 !123*'0*38 663(!1 ! 83* $079632!73123 3**<13!8 9!*! 36 '123*5!60 '136=82'$0 @ 10
83 %3#31 )2'6'D!* 31 6! 40*7! %!%! 53!83 6! 83$$'<1 +,-", B1 I9J1%'$3 !6 E1!6 83 7)382*! $070
0#2313* 6!8 $!*(!8 $*K2'$!8 %3 38208 2*38 $!808,
2 EI 2 EAr2
PC = =
L2 L2
MN
!"#$
PC 2E
C = = %&'()*
A (L/r)2
+ $+# ,- .#$/"0$ 123."1-4 C 4 5-2- 6$- 1 ,67$- /# +#8$# 1 7 6$ 52 7#+" #$ #, 92#- .2-$/:#2/-,
A +# ,- 7"/7-4 +#!"+ - ,- 1-2;- 123."1- PC ' <- , $;".6+ +# ,- 1 ,67$- #/ L = r #, 2-+" +#
;"2 73$"7 +#, 92#- +# ,- /#11"0$4 56#/. >6# ,- ?0276,- 2";"$-, +# @6,#2 /# +- #$ .A27"$ / +#,
:-, 2 73$"7 +# I ' <- 2#,-1"0$ Lr +# ,- , $;".6+ +# ,- 1 ,67$- -, 2-+" +# ;"2 73$"7 +# 6$ 92#-
.2-$/:#2/-, /# ,,-7- !"#$%&' (! !)*!"+!, %* +# ,- 1 ,67$-'
B# ,- #16-1"0$ %&'()* /# 56#+# 1 $1,6"2 #, ,37".# +# 52 5 21" $-,"+-+ +#, 7-.#2"-, #/ #, ,37".#
/65#2" 2 +# ,- .#$/"0$ 1 $ ,- 16-, ,- 1 ,67$- 5-$+#-29 #,9/."1-7#$.#' <- 7 +"81-1"0$ $#1#/-2"-
+# ,- ?0276,- 5-2- "$1,6"2 ,- 2#/56#/.- "$#,9/."1- +#, 7-.#2"-, /# #/.6+"-29 #$ ,- /";6"#$.# /#11"0$'
!"!#! $%&'()* +
C-,,-2 ,- , $;".6+ 73$"7-4 L4 +# 6$- 1 ,67$- 1 $ #D.2#7 / -2."16,-+ /4 >6# .#$;- 6$ 92#-
.2-$/:#2/-, 517 5 2 7,5 17 = 5-2- ,- 16-, /# -5,">6# ,- ?0276,- +# @6,#2 5-2- 1 ,67$-/ #,9/."1-/'
E650$;-/# >6# E = 2 105 FG- = >6# #, ,37".# +# +# 52 5 21" $-,"+-+ #/ 2,8 102 FG-'
3
@, 7 7#$. +# "$#21"- 73$"7 +# ,- /#11"0$ .2-$/:#2/-, #/ Imn = 7,5125 = 78,125 174 ' @$
1 $/#16#$1"- r r
Imn h 78,125 5
r = rmn = = = = = 1,44 17
A 12 7,5 5 12
<6#; 4 6.","H-$+ ,- #16-1"0$ %&'()*4 C = 2 E/ (L/r)2 = +#/5#I-$+ +# #,,- ,- 2#,-1"0$ L/r
1 22#/5 $+"#$.# -, ,37".# +# 52 5 21" $-,"+-+4
2
L 2E 2 2 105
= = = 7050
r c 2,8 102
#/ +#1"2
L
= = 84 = L = 84 1,44 = 121 17
r
G 2 , .-$. /" #/.- 1 ,67$- .6:"#2- J)J 17 79/ +# , $;".6+4 /# 5-$+#-23- #,9/."1-7#$.#4 =-
>6# 5-2- .-,#/ +"7#$/" $#/ +# ,- 1 ,67$- ,- .#$/"0$ 123."1- #$ 5-$+# $ #D1#+# -, ,37".# +#
52 5 21" $-,"+-+ +#, 7-.#2"-,'
QJ
Et
Hiprbola de Euler
R
C
Lmite de
B proporcionalidad
S
A
E Intermedias T
Columnas largas
O Cortas
L/r
!" #"
$%&'(! )*)+ !" ,%!&(!-! ./01%2034/56(-!7%20 4/ 76-8(/1%20 #"9(:;7! 4/ <! ./01%20 7(=.%7! /0
76<'-0!1 /0 5'07%20 4/ <! (/<!7%20 4/ /1#/<./>
?0! 76<'-0! -:1 76(.!@ 760 '0! (/<!7%20 L/r !A0 -/06(@ 06 1/ 8!04/!(: /0 /< <=-%./ 4/ 8(63
86(7%60!<%4!4 4/< -!./(%!<* B0 /< 4%!&(!-! ./01%2034/56(-!7%20@ $%&'(! )*)*!@ /1.6 1%&0%;7! C'/ /<
0%D/< 4/ ./01%60/1 /0 <! 76<'-0! E! 8!1!46 4/< 8'0.6 A F !<7!0>!46 C'%>: '0 7%/(.6 8'0.6 B* G
/1./ 0%D/< 4/ ./01%60/1 -:1 !<.6 1/ 8'/4/ 4/7%(@ /0 /5/7.6@ 1/ E! 7(/!46 '0! 76<'-0! 4/ -!./(%!<
4%5/(/0./ 8'/1.6 C'/ <! (%&%4/> 4/< -%1-6 F! 06 /1.: (/8(/1/0.!4! 86( /< -24'<6 4/ /<!1.%7%4!4*
B0 /1./ 8'0.6@ <! (%&%4/> 4/< -!./(%!< /1.: 4!4! 86( <! .!0&/0./ ! <! &(:;7! ./01%2034/56(-!7%20@
/1 4/7%(@ 86( /< !"#$% &$'()*+% ),-.&-)& 6 %01.!0.:0/6"@ Et * H! 76<'-0! 8/(-!0/7/(: /1.!#</
1% 1' 0'/D! (%&%4/> ! <! I/J%20 Et I /0 B /1 1';7%/0./-/0./ &(!04/ F 864(: 1686(.!( '0! 7!(&!
-!F6(* G -/4%4! C'/ <! 7!(&! !'-/0.!@ /< 0%D/< 4/ ./01%60/1 1/ /</D! .!-#%K0@ /0 .!0.6 C'/ /<
-24'<6 (/5/(%46 ! <! .!0&/0./ 4%1-%0'F/* ?0! 76<'-0! 4/ L-!./(%!< !A0 -/061 (=&%46M !7.A! #!N6
'0! 7!(&! 7(/7%/0./* H! 1'#1.%.'7%20 4/< -24'<6 /<:1.%76 .!0&/0./@ Et @ /0 D/> 4/< -24'<6 /<:1.%76
%0%7%!<@ E @ /1 /0.607/1 <! A0%7! -64%;7!7%20 0/7/1!(%! 8!(! 6#./0/( <!1 52(-'<!1 4/ 8!04/6 /<:1.%76
!8<%7!#</1 /0 /< %0./(D!<6 %0/<:1.%76* B0 7601/7'/07%!@ <! 52(-'<! &/0/(!<%>!4! 4/ B'</(@ 6 #%/0 <!
52(-'<! 4/< -24'<6 (/5/(%46 ! <! .!0&/0./ 1/(:
2 Et
C = )*OO"
(L/r)2
P6-6 <61 /15'/(>61 76((/18604%/0./1 ! <61 -24'<61 (/5/(%461 ! <! .!0&/0./ 1/ 8'/4/0 6#./0/(
! 8!(.%( 4/< 4%!&(!-! ./01%2034/56(-!7%20 ! <! 76-8(/1%20@ <! (/<!7%20 L/r ! <! 7'!< 1/ 8!04/!(:
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Punto de fluencia
Hiprbolas de Euler
Lmite de
proporcionalidad
Extremos
empotrados
T
Extremos articulados
(L/r)1
L/r
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)0&%& '$1'01$* '( (
P Md P Mmax d P ed L
||max = + = + 2
= 1 + 2 sec
A I A Ar A r 2
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||max =
P
A
ed
1 + 2 sec
r
L
r 4EA
P
6789:;
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e
e P P
vmax
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ed
||max = 0 1 + sec P
rr 2
A
= 0 1 + e sec P
W 2
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&( $#"3& (,$"&
v (x = 0) = C2 + C4 = 0
v (x = 0) = C1 + C3 = 0
M (x = L) = EI C1 2 )&' (L) C2 2 cos (L) = P e
T (x) = P C3 = 0
% /"2#3 (/3#3 !/3 $+.)$3,#%$3 4$ !#3 1/!#)$3 "*+,"#3 3#% ,45%&,(/3 /! (/3# /%&$),#) 3, 3$
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e
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( )
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1 P (2L)
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SP
P
P
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d3 v
dM dv dv
T = P = EI 3 + P
dx dx dx dx
= P C3 )*@D"
v (x = 0) = C2 + C4 = 0
v (x = 0) = C1 + C3 = 0
M (x = L) = EI C1 2 :5/ (L) C2 2 cos (L) = 0
T (x) = P C3 = 0
K5 61/65
Pc 2 2 2 EI
L = ===> L = 2 ===> Pc =
2 EI 2 (2L)2
L554;2!G!/61 L = 2
52 :%:054! 65 57'!7%1/5: (5:'20!
01 0 1 C1 0
0 1 0 C2
0
2L =
P 0 0 0 C3 0
0 0 P 0 C4 0
M+
! "#$%&'() )# *+','!$ *'-)- $! .#+/!
C2 = C4 = 1 0 C1 = C3 = 0
1- 1#)1- $! "#$%&'()+-"%$*! h x i
v (x) = 1 cos
2L
4!+! 5%- -6'"*! %)! "#$%&'() )# *+','!$7 -" )-&-"!+'# 5%- -$ 1-*-+/')!)*- 1- $! /!*+'8 "- !)%$-
det = P [L cos (L) + "-) (L)] = 0
9%"&!)1# %)! "#$%&'() )%/:+'&! 3!+! 5%- "- !)%$- -$ &#+&;-*-7 "- $$-<! !=
2 EI
L = 4,49341 ===> Pc = 2,0458
L2
$-,!)1# -"*- ,!$#+ 1- L !$ "'"*-/! +-"%$*! >/%$*'3$'&!)1# $! ?1! 3#+ L 0 1','1'-)1# $! @*!
3#+ P A
0 1 0 1 C1 0
4,49341 0 L 0 C2 0
0,97612 0,21723 L =
1 C3 0
0,97612 0,21723 0 0 C4 0
B)! 3#"'C$- "#$%&'() -"
1 cos (L)
C1 = = 0,222548
L sin (L)
C2 = 1
1 + L
C3 = L1 = 1,00437 L1
L sin (L)
C4 = 1
.&+& /-" "0*#$& -!& #'(-%*1! !' $+*2*&(3 "# !"%"#&+*' /-" "( )"$"+,*!&!$" )" (& ,&$+*4 #" &!-("
det = 1 2 cos (L) L#"! (L) + #"!2 (L) + cos2 (L)
<=