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DAI Español
Sabes qu es
Incontinencia Importancia
lo que ms temo
de la vejez?
No qu? Clnica
Dermatitis
Alta Prevalecencia
Asociada a la
Incontinencia No bien tratada
Unida a
Denise Nix MS, RN, CWOCN
Infeccin
Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Dolor
La Incontinencia! Ulceras por Presin
incontinencia http://www.decubitus.be/downloads/PUMAP_NL.pdf
8. Beeckman D et al: 3-in-1 perineal care washcloth impregnated with dimethicone 3% versus water and pH neutral soap to prevent
and treat incontinence-associated dermatitis: a randomized, controlled clinical trial . J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs . 2011; 38 ( 6 ):
627-634
1
Importancia Clnica Importancia Clnica
No Bien Tratada
Se analizaron protocolos de 76 establecimientos Ulceras por Presin
de USA de cuidado agudo y a largo plazo Datos de 5 hospitales y 270 pacientes
Al 100% faltaba al menos 1 intervencin 56% tenan lceras por presin e
importante incontinencia fecal
El 75% no us protector de la piel Pacientes con incontinencia fecal tenan
Anlisis de costo indica 10 centavos de 22 veces ms probabilidad de desarrollar
dlar/dia/paciente incontinente lceras por presin
12 .Nix D and Ermer-Seltun J. A review of perineal skin care protocols and skin barrier product use. Ostomy Wound Manag. 2004; 14 .Maklebust J, Magnan MA. Risk factors associated with having a pressure ulcer: a secondary data analysis. Adv Wound Care.
50(12):59-62. 1994; 7(6):25, 27-8, 31-4
2
Factores de Riesgo Diferencie Entre Dermatitis
Zona Perianal Alterada Asociada a la Incontinencia y Otras
Exposicin a fecas
fecas//orina prolongada y/o frecuente Lesiones a la Piel
Aseo agresivo (mucha friccin,
friccin, limpiadores alcalinos
alcalinos))
Uso inadecuado de productos absorbentes (paales,
paales,
apsitos))
apsitos
Tolerancia alterada del tejido
Edades extremas,
extremas, mala nutricin
nutricin,, uso de esteroides,
esteroides, fiebre
Habilidad alterada de aseo personal
Deficiencias sensoriales,
sensoriales, cognitivas o de mobilidad
Dermatitis Asociada a la Ulcera por Presin
17.Nix DH. Validity and Reliability of the Perineal Assessment Tool; Ostomy Wound Management 2002: 48(2): 43-49.
18 .Brown DS. Perineal dermatitis: can we measure it? Ostomy Wound Manage 1993;39(7): 28-31.
Incontinencia
19. Bliss DZ, Savik K, Harms S, Fan Q, Wyman JF. Prevalence and correlates of perineal dermatitis in nursing home residents. Nurs Res
2006;55:243-51.
3
Prevencin & Control
Prevencin & Control
Aseo suave:
Atacar causas reversibles de Limpiadores con pHpH--balanceado
incontinencia!
Infeccin NO usar jabn en barra o limpiadores
Retensin urinaria antibacterianos!!
antibacterianos
Frmacos Minimizar preservativos y fragancias
Impactacin de fecas o estreimiento para evitar dermatitis alrgica
Vaginitis Paos suaves para reducir la friccin
Mobilidad o destreza restringida
Afecciones sicolgicas y delirio
20. Ermer-Seltun J. Assessment and management of acute or transient urinary incontinence. In: Doughty D (ed).
Urinary and Fecal Incontinence, Current Management Concepts, 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier Inc.;2006:7273 5 .Gray M. et al; Incontinence-associated Dermatitis: A Consensus. J
Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs: 2007:34(1) 45-54
21. Zimmerer RE et al: . The effects of wearing diapers on skin . Pediatr Dermatol 1986; 3: 95-101 25. Rnner AC, et al. The hygienic effectiveness of two different skin cleansing procedures. J Wound Ostomy Continence
22 .Fader M et al. Management of nighttime urinary incontinence in residential settings for older people: an investigation into the effects of different pad Nurs. 2010;37:260-264.
changing regimes on skin health . J Clin Nurs . 2003 ; 12 ( 3 ): 374-386 26. Voegeli D. The effect of washing and drying practices on skin barrier function. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs.
23. Shigeta Y et al:. Factors influencing intact skin in women with incontinence using absorbent products: results of a cross-sectional, comparative study 2008;35:84-90
. Ostomy Wound Manage . 2010; 56 ( 12 ): 26-28, 30-33 26B Nix, D.: Factors to Consider When Selecting Skin Cleansing Products. J WOCN 27:260-8 2000
24. Gray M et al: Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis: A Comprehensive Review and Update J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2012;39(1): 61-74.
Objetivos:
Objetivos: Use filtros humectantes/
humectantes/protectores
de piel para proteger la piel contra
Mantener
Mantener//restaurar intacto
intacto,, filtro
irritantes
epidrmico acdico y flexible, que
resiste la penetracin de irritantes Principales Tipos:
Tipos:
Asear
Asear,, humectar y proteger En base a petrolato
CUALQUIER zona expuesta a En base a Dimeticona
irritantes En base a xido de zinc
5 .Gray M. et al; Incontinence-associated Dermatitis: A Consensus. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs: Sellantes de piel
2007:34(1) 45-54
4
Prevencin & Control
Tipos de Filtros de Humedad
Seleccin de Producto
En base a xido de zinc
No existe el mejor producto
Toda la formulacin es importante! La mayora son espesos
espesos,, pegajosos,
pegajosos,
Elija segn la condicin de la piel, blancos
caractersticas del irritante & Pueden contribuir a la maceracin
maceracin**
compatibilidad con otros productos
Algunas formulaciones no son proteccin
Los mejores resultados se logran
con un protocolo estructurado adecuada contra la diarrea
Formulaciones en pasta requieren aceite mineral o
limpiador perianal con emoliente para su remosin
5 .Gray M. et al; Incontinence-associated Dermatitis: A Consensus. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs: 2007:34(1) 45-54
27 .Bliss et al Economic evaluation of 4 skin regimens in incontinence. JWOCN 2007: 143 151. 16. Langemo D. et al: Incontinence and Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis Adv Ski n Wound Care 2011;24(3):126=140
Gray et al. Incontinence-associated Dermatitis: A Comprehensive Review and Update. J WOCN. 2012; 39(1): 61-74
.
16. Langemo D. et al: Incontinence and Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis Adv Ski n Wound Care 2011;24(3):126=140 29 .i Senior N., Some observations on the formulation and properties of Chlorhexidine, J. Soc.
28. Zehrer CL, et al. Assessment of diaper-clogging potential of petrolatum moisture barriers. Ostomy Wound Manage. Cosmet. Chem. 24, 259-278 (1973)
2005:51(12):54-58.
16. Langemo D. et al: Incontinence and Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis Adv Ski n Wound Care 2011;24(3):126=140 16. Langemo D. et al: Incontinence and Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis Adv Ski n Wound
Care 2011;24(3):126=140
29 .i Senior N., Some observations on the formulation and properties of Chlorhexidine, J. Soc.
Cosmet. Chem. 24, 259-278 (1973)
5
Formulaciones de Filtros de
Candidiasis Secundaria
Humedad
Irritacin rojo/
rojo/rosceo masiva o tipo manchas con
Productos combinados (un slo pasopaso))
pequeas pstulas redondas,
redondas, placas y/o lesiones satelitales
Potencialmente pueden ahorrar tiempo y
facilitar cumplimiento con protocolos que pueden picar y/o arder
Ejemplos No se han establecido mejores prcticas para el uso de
o Limpiador humectante & protector de piel incorporados en antifungicos en dermatitis asociada a la incontinencia
un spray
o Limpiador
Limpiador,, humectante & protector de piel incorporados en
un pao desechable
o Fungicida & protector de piel combinados en un ungento o
crema
Indicaciones
Indicaciones:: Ocasionalmente puede ser necesario el uso de antifungicos
Dao severo en la piel sistmicos
Exposicin de alto riesgo diarrea frecuente
frecuente//contnua
24. Gray M et al: Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis: A Comprehensive Review and Update J Wound Ostomy Continence
Nurs. 2012;39(1): 61-74.
6
Intertigo Referencias
1. Gray M et al : Moisture vs pressure: making sense out of perineal wounds , J
Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 34 ( 2 ): 134-142 , 2007
Friccin entre superficies de piel en reas que retienen 2 .Bryant, R.. Types of Skin Damage and Differential dDagnosis In Bryant, R. Nix,
D. Coeditors: Acute and Chronic Wounds: Current Management Concepts, 4th
calor y humedad Edition. St. Louis, Mosby, January, 2012
Cuello Posterior 3. Nix D. Wound and Skin Assessment and Inspection. In Bryant, R. Nix, D.
Coeditors: Acute and Chronic Wounds: Current Management Concepts, 4th
Axila Edition. St. Louis, Mosby, January, 2012.
4. Bennett AM : Report of the task force on the implications for darkly pigmented
Debajo de los senos (ambos sexos
sexos)) intact skin in the prediction and prevention of pressure ulcers , Adv Wound Care 8
Debajo del pannus ( 6 ): 34 35, 1995 .
5 .Gray M. Bliss D. Doughty D. Ermer-Seltun J. Kennedy-Evans K. Palmer M.
Pliegues perianales Incontinence-associated Dermatitis: A Consensus. J Wound Ostomy Continence
Muslos internos Nurs: 2007:34(1) 45-54
6 .Bliss DZ et al: Incontinence associated skin damage in nursing home residents:
Eritema a menudo evoluciona a maceracin
maceracin,, erosin e a secondary analysis of a prospective multicenter study . Ostomy Wound Manage
2006; 52 ( 12 ): 46-55.
infecciones secundarias bacterianas o por hongos 7 .Defl oor T et al: . PUMap Project: Studie van de decubitus prevalentie in de
Belgische Ziekenhuizen 2008 . Brussels, Belgium : Federal Public Service: Health,
Food Chain Safety and Environment ,120 . PUMAP_NL.pdf .
31. Yosipovitch G, DeVore A, Dawn A. Obesity and the skin: skin physiology and skin manifestations of obesity. J Am Acad Dermatol. http://www.decubitus.be/downloads/PUMAP_NL.pdf
2007;56(6):90191
Prevencin & Control 8. Beeckman D et al: 3-in-1 perineal care washcloth impregnated with dimethicone
3% versus water and pH neutral soap to prevent and treat incontinence-
de Intertigo associated dermatitis: a randomized, controlled clinical trial . J Wound Ostomy
Continence Nurs . 2011; 38 ( 6 ): 627-634 .
9 .Arnold-Long M , Reed L . Incontinence associated dermatitis in a long-term
acute care facility: findings from a 12 week prospective study [Abstract] . J Wound
Mantenga los pliegues de piel limpios y secos Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2011; 38 (suppl ): S7 .
10. Junkin J , Selekof JL . Prevalence of incontinence and associated skin injury in
Utilice filtros de humedad o sellantes de piel the acute care inpatient . J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs . 2007 ; 34 ( 3 ): 260-
269
Trate con antimicrobianos o antifngicos
antifngicos,, segn 11. Junkin J et al; What we don't know can hurt us, pilot prevalence survey of
sea indicado incontinence and related perineal skin injury in acute care [Abstract] . [Abstract] . J
Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2005 ; ( suppl)
Ponga paos suaves
suaves,, delgados entre los pliegues 12 .Nix D and Ermer-Seltun J. A review of perineal skin care protocols and skin
barrier product use. Ostomy Wound Manag. 2004; 50(12):59-62.
de piel para alejar la humedad de la piel 13. Warshaw E, Nix D, Kula J, Markon CE. Clinical and cost effectiveness of a
cleanser protectant lotion for treatment of perineal skin breakdown in low-risk
Evite apsitos gruesos abultados que pueden patients with incontinence. Ostomy Wound Manag. 2002;48:44-51
14 .Maklebust J, Magnan MA. Risk factors associated with having a pressure
contribuir a la presin ulcer: a secondary data analysis. Adv Wound Care. 1994; 7(6):25, 27-8, 31-4
15. Adverse Health Events in Minnesota Hospitals Eighth Annual Public Report.
Minnesota Department of Health January 2012
32. Redlin J. Skin Integrity in Critically Ill Obese Patients Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2009 September; 21(3): 311v. http://www.health.state.mn.us/patientsafety/ae/2012ahereport.pdf
7
25. Rnner AC, et al. The hygienic effectiveness of two different skin cleansing
procedures. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2010;37:260-264.
26. Voegeli D. The effect of washing and drying practices on skin barrier function. J
Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2008;35:84-90
26B Nix, D.: Factors to Consider When Selecting Skin Cleansing Products. J WOCN
27:260-8 2000
27 .Bliss et al Economic evaluation of 4 skin regimens in incontinence. JWOCN 2007:
143 151.
28. Zehrer CL, et al. Assessment of diaper-clogging potential of petrolatum moisture
barriers. Ostomy Wound Manage. 2005:51(12):54-58.
29 .i Senior N., Some observations on the formulation and properties of Chlorhexidine, J.
Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 24, 259-278 (1973)
30 .Gallaghar, S . Skin Care Needs of the Obese Patient. In Bryant, R. Nix, D. Coeditors:
Acute and Chronic Wounds: Current Management Concepts, 4th Edition. St. Louis,
Mosby, January, 2012
31. Yosipovitch G, DeVore A, Dawn A. Obesity and the skin: skin physiology and skin
manifestations of obesity. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56(6):90191
32. Redlin J. Skin Integrity in Critically Ill Obese Patients Crit Care Nurs Clin North
Am. 2009 September; 21(3): 311v.