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06prod Sedimen PDF
06prod Sedimen PDF
Ecuacin Universal
de Prdida de Suelo
Modificada
EUPSM
Dr. Mario R. Martnez Menez
EUPSM
Y = 11.8 (Q * q p )
0.56
K LS C P
Donde:
Y = Sedimentos aportados a una seccin del cauce para una
tormenta determinada sobre la cuenca (t/ha)
Q = Escurrimiento medio (m3)
qp= Escurrimiento mximo (m3 /seg)
K = Erosionabilidad del suelo (t ha hr MJ-1 mm-1 ha-1)
L = Longitud de la pendiente (adimensional)
S = Grado de la pendiente (adimensional)
C = Cobertura vegetal (adimensional)
P = Prcticas mecnicas de control de la erosin
Estimacin de variables
Hidrolgicas a nivel de Cuenca
Precipitacin
media anual
ponderada de
la Cuenca del
Ro Chapingo
Estacin
1
2
3
594.98
526.03
Total
Area (ha)
258.39
Prec*Area
160,336.41
136.06
1,022.33
80,954.64
537,776.67
1,416.78
779,067.73
549.88
Estimacin del K
medio
ponderado de la
Cuenca del Ro
Texcoco
K i Ai
K=
AT
Textura
Migajon Arcillo limoso
Arcilla media
Migajon Arcillo limoso
Arena migajosa
Migajon Arcillo arenoso
Migajon Arcillo arenoso
K
0.037
0.029
0.026
0.010
0.027
0.021
Total
K ponderada
Area (ha)
158.40
90.85
809.26
85.09
280.38
5.95
1,429.92
Area * K
5.86
2.63
21.04
0.85
7.57
0.12
38.082
0.027
Factor C
ponderado de
la Cuenca del
Ro Chapingo
Tipo de Vegetacin
Clave
Bosque Cultivado
BCp
Bosque de Oyamel
Ba
Matorral Inducido
MI
Agricultura
TA 1, 2, 82
Bosque de Pino
Bp
Pastizal Inducido
Pi - Bp
Total
Factor C ponderado
69.51
221.41
380.37
393.89
32.75
1429.4
0.001
0.22
0.5
0.01
0.01
Area * C
3.31
0.07
48.71
190.19
3.94
0.33
246.55
0.17
reas
Cota
mayor
Cota
menor
2300
2235
Lambda
Lambda Pendiente
Promedio
%
284.1
741.0
432.4
485.803
13.38
2729.547
3.66
2203.473
4.54
1804.947
5.54
1462.607
6.84
706.3
14.16
715.1
13.98
1296.17
7.72
413.893
24.16
255.09
39.2
169.933
58.85
499.013
20.04
290.6
34.41
399.917
15
2,727.5
2
2400
2300
2500
2400
2600
2500
2700
2600
2,673.8
2,787.4
2,630.9
1,934.8
2,044.7
2,353.2
1,391.5
1,670.2
1,759.9
1,221.5
1,406.4
639.9
2800
2700
2900
2800
3000
2900
3100
3000
826.4
652.7
866.4
853.6
425.3
1,451.5
1,147.9
1,289.0
353.3
Estimacin
de pendiente
y longitud de
la pendiente
531.8
356.6
266.8
10
3200
3100
11
3300
3200
12
3400
3300
13
3500
3400
14
3560
3500
321.0
177.5
194.5
182.5
132.9
434.5
161.3
901.3
419.5
216.9
235.4
377.8
436.6
385.3
Area (ha)
14.40
176.74
179.61
258.79
195.40
107.74
88.52
118.23
77.31
43.28
36.17
59.26
52.83
20.87
1,429.15
LS * Area
123.98
625.66
725.62
1,205.96
1,078.61
1,223.93
991.42
725.93
1,623.51
1,737.69
2,495.73
1,005.64
1,788.30
466.44
15,818.43
11.07
Factor P ponderado
Practicas
Factor P
0.1
Obra (Terrazas de Banco)
Ninguna
1
Total
Factor P ponderado
Condicin
Gpo de rea (ha)
hidrolgica
Suelo
Bosque
Regular
B
398.58
Bosque
Regular
A
19.44
Bosque
Mala
A
157.88
Bosque
Buena
B
0.02
Bosque
Mala
B
84.56
Pastizal
Mala
B
62.25
Pastizal
Regular
A
102.49
Pastizal
Buena
B
58.61
Cultivo de escarda Mala
B
545.36
surcos rectos
Total
1,429.19
CN ponderada
CN(II)
60
36
45
55
66
67
67
39
81
Area * CN
23,914.80
699.84
7,104.60
1.10
5,580.96
4,170.75
6,866.83
2,285.79
44,174.16
94,798.83
66.33
Informacin Base
Planos:
Delimitacin
de
microcuencas
Topogrfico 1:50,000
Uso del suelo con imagen
de Satlite
Recorte de geomodelos de
elevaciones
Hidrologa
Datos edafolgicos:
Clculo de K
Aplicacin del
Modelo USLE
Clculo de LS
A = R*K*LS*C*P
Determinacin de C
Determinacin de P
Uso del
suelo
Suelo
(Textura)
Condicin
hidrolgica
Y = 11.8(Q * qp )
Muestreo de suelo
Anlisis de laboratorio
Datos meteorolgicos:
CNII
Si P<12.7 mm
Si P>38.1 mm
CNI f(CNII)
Estaciones
Precipitacin anual (mm)
Precipitacin diaria (mm)
S=
25400
254
CN
1.15
Tc = 0.02
L
H0.38
I=
0.56
KLSCP
Q=
(P 0.2S)2
P + 0.8S
Tc
Q
* I * A
C* I * A P
qp =
=
360
360
CNI
CNII
63.00
63.00
63.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
149.2
149.2
149.2
63.5
63.5
63.5
63.5
63.5
0.2Si
29.8
29.8
29.8
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
Qi (mm)
I (mm/hr)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.78
8.86
1.56
0.72
0.45
9.36
4.46
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2,486.69
0.00
Ei
PSi
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
3.172
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.180
0.000
(miles de
m 3)
Q
(mm)
Q
(miles de
m 3)
Sedimentos
qp
m3/s
(t/ha)
(miles de t)
Ene
5.20
74.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Feb
3.70
52.89
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mar
11.70
167.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Abr
64.10
916.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
May
62.20
889.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Jun
112.30
1,605.22
1.56
22.23
4.92
1.76
2.52
Jul
224.80
3,213.29
18.00
257.36
44.38
25.73
36.77
Ago
129.00
1,843.93
3.98
56.88
11.56
4.89
6.99
Sep
91.10
1,302.18
0.01
0.07
0.02
0.00
0.00
Oct
22.00
314.47
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nov
3.00
42.88
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Dic
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
729.1
10,421.8
23.5
336.5
Suma
46.3
Precipitacin y Q (mm)
200
150
100
50
0
Ene
Feb
Mar
Abr
May
Jun
Jul
Ago
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dic
50
qp
35
Sedimentos
40
30
35
25
q p (m 3/s)
30
20
25
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
0
0
Ene
Feb
Mar
Abr
May
Jun
Jul
Ago
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dic
45
Estimacin de Q, qp y produccin de
sedimentos en 4 escenarios
Escenario 1. Bosque (C=0.01, P=1 y CN=50)
Precipitacin
mm
miles de
m3
Q
(mm)
Q
(miles de
m 3)
qp
(m3/s)
Sedimentos
(t/ha)
(miles de t)
Ene
5.20
74.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Feb
3.70
52.89
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mar
11.70
167.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Abr
64.10
916.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
May
62.20
889.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Jun
112.30
1,605.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Jul
224.80
3,213.29
4.09
58.40
12.92
0.33
0.46
Ago
129.00
1,843.93
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Sep
91.10
1,302.18
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Oct
22.00
314.47
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nov
3.00
42.88
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Dic
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
729.1
10,421.8
4.1
58.4
Suma
0.5
miles de
m3
Q
(mm)
Q
(miles
de m3)
qp
(m3/s)
Sedimentos
(t/ha)
(miles de t)
Ene
5.20
74.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Feb
3.70
52.87
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mar
11.70
167.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Abr
64.10
915.99
0.50
7.11
1.57
1.54
2.20
May
62.20
888.84
0.23
3.22
0.71
0.63
0.91
Jun
112.30
1,604.77
6.99
99.92
19.07
28.16
40.25
Jul
224.80
3,212.39
42.11
601.77
80.49
199.61
285.32
Ago
129.00
1,843.41
16.32
233.26
42.52
72.70
103.91
Sep
91.10
1,301.82
3.50
49.97
7.89
12.54
17.93
Oct
22.00
314.38
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nov
3.00
42.87
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Dic
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
729.10
10421.76
69.65
995.53
Suma
450.5
(miles de
m 3)
Q
(mm)
Q
(miles
de m3)
Sedimentos
qp
(m3/s)
(t/ha)
(miles de t)
Ene
5.20
74.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Feb
3.70
52.89
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mar
11.70
167.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Abr
64.10
916.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
May
62.20
889.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Jun
112.30
1,605.22
1.28
18.34
4.06
1.60
2.29
Jul
224.80
3,213.29
16.40
234.47
41.29
26.18
37.42
Ago
129.00
1,843.93
3.28
46.83
9.68
4.45
6.36
Sep
91.10
1,302.18
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Oct
22.00
314.47
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nov
3.00
42.88
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Dic
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
729.10
10421.76
20.96
299.64
Suma
46.07
(miles de
m 3)
Q
(mm)
Q
(miles
de m3)
Sedimentos
qp
(m3/s)
(t/ha)
(miles de t)
Ene
5.20
74.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Feb
3.70
52.89
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mar
11.70
167.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Abr
64.10
916.25
6.19
88.42
19.57
43.98
62.87
May
62.20
889.09
3.44
49.18
9.69
21.94
31.36
Jun
112.30
1,605.22
19.77
282.63
36.87
141.52
202.29
Jul
224.80
3,213.29
77.57
1,108.82
110.75
638.18
912.21
Ago
129.00
1,843.93
34.10
487.36
84.14
278.26
397.74
Sep
91.10
1,302.18
15.05
215.19
28.25
104.65
149.59
Oct
22.00
314.47
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nov
3.00
42.88
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Dic
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
729.1
10,421.8
156.1
2,231.6
Suma
1,756.1
Precipitacin (mm)
Bosque
Precipitacin y Q (mm)
200
Maz
Maz en terrazas
150
Suelo Desnudo
100
50
Ene
Feb
Mar
Abr
May
Jun
Jul
Ago
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dic
Variacin de qp (mximo) en 4
escenarios
q p (m x im o m e n s u a l m 3 / s )
120
Q Bosque
100
Q Maz en terrazas
80
Q Maz
60
Q Suelo denudo
40
20
0
Ene
-20
Feb
Mar
Abr
May
Jun
Jul
Ago
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dic
Variacin de la produccin de
sedimentos en 4 escenarios
700
Bosque
600
Maz
Maz en terrazas
500
Sedimentos (t/ha)
Suelo Desnudo
400
300
200
100
0
1
10
11
12