INDICATIVE

Spanish Verb Tenses

Preterite Perfect

Preterite

Present Perfect

Present

Future

Future Perfect

Yo hube hablado
I had spoken

Yo habl
I spoke

Yo he hablado
I have spoken

Yo hablo
I speak

Yo hablar
I will speak

Yo habr hablado
I will have spoken

hube
hubiste
hubo
hubimos + past participle
hubisteis
hubieron

-ar
-
-aste
-
-amos
-asteis
-aron

-er / -ir
-
-iste
-i
-imos
-isteis
-ieron

(the Preterite Perfect is not

used in spoken language
and is rarely used in writing.)

andar, conducir, dar, decir, estar,

hacer, ir, poner, poder, querer,
saber, ser, tener, traer, venir, ver,
yo-form spelling changes, stem
changers, iy spelling changes

Pluperfect

Imperfect

Yo haba hablado
I had spoken
haba
habas
haba
habamos + past participle
habais
haban

Yo hablaba
I spoke
-ar
-aba
-abas
-aba
-bamos
-abais
-aban

-er/ir
-a
-as
-a
-amos
-ais
-an

only three irregulars:

iriba, serera, vervea

he
has
ha
hemos + past participle
habis
han

past participles
-ar -ado, -er / -ir -ido
if a vowel precedes the ending,
add an accent. e.g. leerledo
abrir
cubrir
decir
escribir
hacer
imprimir
morir
poner
resolver
romper
ver
volver

abierto,
cubierto,
dicho,
escrito,
hecho,
impreso,
muerto,
puesto,
resuelto,
roto,
visto,
vuelto

SUBJUNCTIVE

PAST

-ar
-o
-as
-a
-amos
-is
-an

-er
-o
-es
-e
-emos
-is
-en

-ir
-o
-es
-e
-imos
-s
-en

stem changers:
eie: cerrar, empezar, entender,
pensar, perder, preferir, querer,
recomendar, sentir, tener, venir
oue: almorzar, contar, dormir,
encontrar, morir, mover, mostrar,
poder, probar, resolver, volver
ei: corregir, decir, elegir, medir,
pedir, repetir, seguir, servir, vestir
irregular yo form:
caber, dar, estar, saber, ver
-go verbs: caer, decir, hacer,
poner, salir, tener, traer, valer, venir
-zco verbs: conducir, conocer,
obedecer, ofrecer, parecer, traducir
spelling changes:
-cer/-cirzo, -ger/-girjo,
-guirgo, -quirco, -uiruy
other irregulars:
adquirir(iie), jugar(uue),
oler(ohue), ir, ser, estar, or,
rer, -iar, -uar

add to infinitive:
-
-s
-
-emos
-is
-n

habr
habrs
habr
habremos + past participle
habris
habrn

cabercabr-, decirdir-,
haberhabr-, hacerhar-,
poderpodr-, ponerpondr-,
quererquerr-, sabersabr-,
salirsaldr-, tenertendr-,
valervaldr-, venirvendr-

the verb haber

(also)
Yo voy a hablar
I am going to speak
voy
vas
va
vamos + a + infinitive
vais
van

PRESENT

Used by itself, Haber means

"there is or there are."
It can only be conjugated in the
third-person singular regardless of the number of objects
in the sentence.
hay there is, there are
hubo there was, there were
haba there was, there were
habr there will be
habra there would be
Haber is also used as an
auxiliary verb when forming
the perfect tense. In that case
it means to have.

FUTURE

Pluperfect

Imperfect

Present Perfect

Present

Conditional

Conditional Perfect

que yo
hubiera hablado
or
que yo
hubiese hablado
that I had spoken

que yo
hablara
or
que yo
hablase
that I spoke

que yo
haya hablado
that I have spoken

que yo
hable
that I speak

Yo hablara
I would speak

Yo habra hablado
I would have spoken

third-person plural preterite,

drop -ron, add:
-se
-ra
-ses
-ras
-se
-ra
-ramos or -semos
-seis
-rais
-sen
-ran

first-person present,
drop -o, add:
-er / -ir
-ar
-a
-e
-as
-es
-a
-e
-emos -amos
-is
-is
-an
-en

add to infinitive:
-a
-as
-a
-amos
-ais
-an

habra
habras
habra
habramos + past participle
habrais
habran

hubiese
hubiera
hubieses
hubieras
hubiese
hubiera
or
hubisemos
hubiramos
hubieseis
hubierais
hubiesen
hubieran
+ past participle

haya
hayas
haya
hayamos + past participle
hayis
hayan

(hubiese forms are primarily used in Spain)

(-se endings are primarily used in Spain)

dar, estar, haber, ir, saber, ser

-carque, -gargue, -zarce,
-cerza, -ger/-girja, -guirga,
-guarge, -uirya, quirca

same irregulars as future tense