Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
circunstanciales)
She went to the cinema yesterday --->
He hasnt
two cars
He has been to Paris --> He has not been to Paris --> He hasnt been to Paris -->
He doesnt
They behaved well all the time --> Did they behave well all the time?
He will regret it ---> Will he regret it?
Imperative sentences: No llevan sujeto y el verbo va en Bare infinitive. Se usa dont para las
negativas. Es en el nico tipo de oracin en el que podemos poner el auxiliar do con el verbo
to be.
Read the book!
Be careful!
Run!
Stay away
from them!
Dont read the book
Dont be careful
Dont
run!
Emphatic sentences: En presente y pasado podemos usar el auxiliar do en oraciones
afirmativas para enfatizar.
Lo podemos traducir como s que, de verdad, en serio. Podis consultar el documento
Miscellany, apartado: Linkers to give emphasis, para ver expresiones que usar en el resto de
casos (futuros, condicionales, modales, to be)
I do love you = De verdad que te quiero
Do sit down = Por favor, sintese aqu
He isnt nice
Is he nice?
Be nice
Dont be nice
He
is certainly nice
He does be nice
Interrogative:
Can I swim very well? -->
Como podemos ver, despus de los modales va el verbo en Bare infinitive, as que no podemos
poner el verbo en pasado cuando queramos hablar del pasado con modales: I should played
Tendremos que usar el verbo have, en bare infinitive obviamente, y despus el participio del
verbo:
I should have played
Which = Cul
Whom =
Quin (complemento)
Where = Dnde
When = Cundo
Why = Por qu
Whose = De quin
How
= Cmo
1b.- How se combina con otras palabras (adverbios y adjetivos normalmente) para preguntar
How big =
Cmo de grande
2.- Las reglas de aadir verbos auxiliares y cambiar el orden de los auxiliares son las mismas
aunque aparezcan estas expresiones delante
How much did you pay for that?
Where should I
go?
3.- Tricky questions: Preguntas difciles de formular:
Cunto tiempo llevas
Cunto se tarda en
jugando/trabajando/estudiando?
llegar/acabar/beber?
playing/working/studying?
arrive/finish/drink?
here
l sabe dnde est el supermercado: He knows where the supermarket is
He knows where is
the supermarket
Inverted constructions
Ms que invertidas, son oraciones en las que se usa la forma interrogativa, aunque sean
oraciones afirmativas. Hay que tener en cuenta que todas las oraciones que aparecen en este
apartado suenan ms formales o literarias que sus equivalentes con orden normal. No son muy
comunes, as que no necesitaremos aprender a usarlas para sacarnos un nivel B1 por ejemplo.
1a.- Usaremos este tipo de construccin cundo la oracin comience con una partcula negativa
como never o not:
I had never seen such a beautiful thing
beautiful thing!
------>
Tambin se puede usar esta construccin con expresiones con una partcula negativa o con
sentido negativo:
Under no circumstances can we accept credit cards.
At no time did she say she would come.
Hardly had I begun to speak when I was interrupted.
No sooner had I arrived than they all started to argue.
Not only was the car slow, it was also very uncomfortable.
2.- Tambin usamos esta construccin para formar oraciones condicionales con las formas
verbales should, were y had. Para formarlas, invertiremos el orden de los elementos y
quitaremos el if que introduce la oracin condicional.
- If you have any more questions, let me know ---> Should you have any more questions, let
me know.
- If I were you, I would take his advice ---> Were I you, I would take his advice
- If I had known about the accident, I would ----> Had I known about the accident, I would