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CONCEPTOS BASICOS
ESTIMACIN DE DEMANDAS DE DEFORMACIN LATERAL
ESTIMACIN DE CAPACIDADES DE DEFORMACIN LATERAL
1. Estimacin de cargas
2. Anlisis Estructural
3. Diseo de Elementos
1. Estimacin de cargas
2. Anlisis Estructural
3. Diseo de Elementos
10
Fy
max
12
Acc [cm/s/s]
800
600
400
200
0
-200
-400
-600
-800
0
1.0 x El Centro
10
Fuerza
Fy 0.1W
15
TIME [s]
20
25
30
Comportamiento Fuerza-Deformacion
50
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
Desplazamiento [cm]
10
15
20
13
1.5 x El Centro
10
Fuerza
15
TIME [s]
20
25
30
Comportamiento Fuerza-Deformacion
50
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
Desplazamiento [cm]
10
15
20
14
1.5 x El Centro
1.0 x El Centro
Fuerza
Fuerza
Comportamiento Fuerza-Deformacion
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
-10
-10
-20
-20
-30
-30
-40
-40
-50
Comportamiento Fuerza-Deformacion
-50
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
Desplazamiento [cm]
10
15
20
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
Desplazamiento [cm]
10
15
20
15
Fy
Fy
y max
Fy
max
max
16
17
Capacidades de
Desplazamiento
Lateral
>
Demandas de
Desplazamiento
Lateral
18
CONCEPTOS BASICOS
ESTIMACIN DE DEMANDAS DE DEFORMACIN LATERAL
ESTIMACIN DE CAPACIDADES DE DEFORMACIN LATERAL
19
CODE
CODE APPROACH
APPROACH TO
TO ESTIMATION
ESTIMATION OF
OF DISPLACEMENTS
DISPLACEMENTS
F
Elastic strength demand
Ve = S aW
Ve
Vd S a
=
W
R
Vd =
Design strength
Vd
Sa
W
R
20
10
CODE
CODE APPROACH
APPROACH TO
TO ESTIMATION
ESTIMATION OF
OF DISPLACEMENTS
DISPLACEMENTS
F
Elastic strength demand
Ve
x =
Cd
e
R
k
Actual strength
Vy
Design strength
Vd
Cd
Cd/R
xe =
e
R
Sd
R
e = Sd = Sa
T
4 2
inelastic = x
For composite systems Cd /R varies between 0.5 and 1.0
21
CODE
CODE APPROACH
APPROACH TO
TO ESTIMATION
ESTIMATION OF
OF DISPLACEMENTS
DISPLACEMENTS
22
11
CODE
CODE APPROACH
APPROACH TO
TO ESTIMATION
ESTIMATION OF
OF DISPLACEMENTS
DISPLACEMENTS
F
Elastic strength demand
Ve
x =
Cd
e
R
k
Actual strength
Vy
Design strength
Vd
Cd/R
Cd
R
xe =
e
R
Sd
R
e = Sd = Sa
T
4 2
inelastic = x
For composite systems Cd /R varies between 0.5 and 1.0
23
S a [g]
1.5
1.0
0.5
PGA
0.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
PERIOD [s]
24
12
2
A = S d =
Tn
2
n
S d
Despejando Sd
T
Sd = 2 = A n
n
2
A
25
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
PERIOD [s]
26
13
=
=
=
=
=
1.25
1.00
0.02
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.75
0.50
0.25
0.00
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
PERIOD [s]
27
S d [in]
18.0
= 0.02
16.0
= 0.05
14.0
12.0
= 0.10
= 0.15
10.0
= 0.20
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
PERIOD [s]
28
14
uroof (t ) = nroof ,n Dn (t )
n =1
uroof (t ) 1roof ,1 D1 (t )
El desplazamiento pico en azotea puede estimarse como
29
njn
6
N
u j (t ) = n jn Dn (t )
n =1
3
Mode
Mode
Mode
Mode
Mode
1
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1
2
3
4
5
1.5
n jn
30
15
18.0
16.0
En este ejemplo
14.0
S d ,1
12.0
10.0
Sd ,2
8.0
6.0
S d ,1
4.0
S d ,3
2.0
4
9
0.0
0.0
0.5
T5 T4 T3
1.0
T2
1.5
2.0
PERIOD [s]
2.5
3.0
T1
31
u j (t ) = n jn Dn (t )
n =1
S d [in]
20.0
1/ 2
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
T5 T4 T3
0.5
1.0
T2
1.5
PERIOD [s]
2.0
2.5
3.0
T1
32
16
33
34
17
35
Nn
N
11
n =1
Nn
N
3N
2N +1
n =1
36
18
uroof 1S d
uroof
Sd
Sd
T
T1
37
0 = 0
0 = 4
1.40
0 = 30
1.20
1.00
0.80
0
10
20
30
40
50
NUMBER OF FLOORS
38
19
flexural-type
deformations
shear - type
deformations
0 = 0
0 > 100
combined flexural
and shear - type
deformations
39
5 to 20
15
Dual Systems
1.5 to 6
0 to 2
Recommended 0
40
20
1
1.60
1 = 1.36
0 = 0
0 = 4
1.40
0 = 30
1.20
1.00
0.80
0
10
20
30
40
50
NUMBER OF FLOORS
41
uroof 11S d ,1
42
21
43
S d [in]
20.0
1/ 2
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
T5 T4 T3
0.5
1.0
T2
1.5
PERIOD [s]
2.0
2.5
3.0
T1
44
22
Floor
3
Mode
Mode
Mode
Mode
Mode
1
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1
2
3
4
5
1.5
n jn
45
IDR max = 2
uroof
H
u roof
H
u roof
H
= 2
u ( z / H = 1)
H
IDRmax
46
23
47
u roof
H
= 2
u ( z / H = 1)
H
48
24
50
25
51
52
26
du( z / H )
H
dz
u ( z / H = 1)
u roof
H
= 2
u ( z / H = 1)
H
2 = max
2.00
1.75
1.50
UNIFORM
PARABOLIC
1.25
TRIANGULAR
1.00
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
53
Valor aprox. de
Valor aprox. de 2
Marcos (prticos)
5 a 20
1.4 a 1.6
Sistemas duales
1.5 a 6
1.3 a 1.4
Contravientos o
Muros de concreto
0a2
1.2 a 1.3
54
27
IDRMAX
uroof
H
Pero
uroof 1 S d
Por lo tanto
IDRMAX 1 2
Sd
H
55
i = CR e = CR Sd
56
28
D [cm]
18
12
6
0
-6
-12
-18
Elastic
T = 1.15s, 0=5%, Elastic
max = 10.47 cm
0
D [cm]
18
10
15
Inelastic
12
20
25
TIME [s]
30
35
40
T = 1.15s, 0=5%, =4
i = 11.4 cm
6
0
-6
-12
-18
0
10
15
( R = Rt )
CR = i =
e
( R = 1)
20
25
30
35
40
TIME [s]
57
Weaker structure
Stronger earthquake
R
7.0
T = 2.0 s
6.0
R = 1.0
R = 1.5
R = 2.0
R = 3.0
R = 4.0
R = 5.0
R = 6.0
p = 5%
p = 50%
p = 95%
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0
CR
Probability distribution of
CR more asymmetric
than that of C
58
29
Weaker structure
Stronger earthquake
R
7.0
T = 0.2 s
6.0
R = 1.0
R = 1.5
R = 2.0
R = 3.0
R = 4.0
R = 5.0
R = 6.0
p = 5%
p = 50%
p = 95%
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0
10
20
CR
30
40
59
3.0
2.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.5
1.0
1.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
PERIOD [s]
60
30
1
1
CR = 1 +
( R 1)
b
c
a (T/Ts )
61
Approximate CR -
C1
31
63
12
16
20
24
IM (Sd)
64
32
Sd = 30 cm
Story
7
25 % and 75 %
Sd = 4 in
Sd = 8 in
Sd = 16 in
Sd = 24 in
50 %
1
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Sd = 12 in
Sd = 20 in
1
0.00 0.01
0.08
0.02 0.03
0.04 0.05
0.06 0.07
median EDP1(IDR)
SRP (IDR)
65
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
Max
IDR
Max
MaxIDR
IDR
Max
IDR
66
33
P
C= im| IM
= im )
P ( C(| IM
)
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
Data
0.2
Lognormal fit
0.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
IM = Sa (T1)
67
CONCEPTOS BASICOS
ESTIMACIN DE DEMANDAS DE DEFORMACIN LATERAL
ESTIMACIN DE CAPACIDADES DE DEFORMACIN LATERAL
68
34
69
Algo mejor son las recomendaciones en FEMA 273, FEMA 356 o ASCE 41
From FEMA 273
70
35
Los valores en FEMA 273, FEMA 356 y ASCE-41 son mejores, pero de
todas formas tienen algunos problemas.
71
72
36
Funciones de
Fragilidad
Nivel de dao en
elementos
estructurales y no
estructurales
Demanda de
deformacin
73
Demanda de
Deformacin
Lateral
Funciones de
Fragilidad
Nivel de
dao
74
37
75
Distorsin de
entrepiso
mxima
Funciones de
Fragilidad
Nivel de
dao
76
38
DM1
DM2
DM3
77
78
39
Probability [%]
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
Data
0.2
Fitted Curve
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
(After Ramirez and Miranda, 2007)
79
Data
Fitted Data
90% Confid. on Mean
90% Prediction Interval
Theoretical
0.5
0.0
4
10
11
12
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
Span-to-Depth Ratio, SDR
Relacin Claro/Peralte
80
40
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
Original
0.2
Fitted Curve
0.1
90% Confidence
0.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
Interstory Drift, IDR [%]
1.5
2.0
(After Ramirez and Miranda, 2007)
81
82
41
83
42
43
DS = Fracture Anywhere
1.0
Median = 1.89%
0.8
LN = 0.32
0.6
0.4
0.2
Data
Fitted Curve
90% Confidence
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
(After Ramirez and Miranda, 2007)
88
44
89
DS1 Yielding
45
DS4 Bucking
DS5 Fracture
46
93
94
47
95
96
48
97
98
49
DM1
DM3
DM2
Wide cracks
DM4
Loss of vertical
carrying capacity
Punching failure
99
Wide cracks
1.0
P (DS2 | IDR)
1.0
0.8
0.8
0.6
Data
0.6
0.4
Lognormal fit
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
IDR
Data
Lognormal fit
K-S test , 90%
confidence
0.0
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
IDR
(After Aslani and Miranda, 2006)
100
50
Low gravity
shear ratio
Damage State
Specimen A
Vu
= 0.18
V0
Punching
Shear Failure
Med. gravity
shear ratio
Specimen B
Vu
= 0.36
V0
High gravity
shear ratio
Specimen C
IDR [%]
Vu
= 0.51
V0
Drift
(After Aslani and Miranda, 2006)
101
IDR DS
Vu
= 0.36
V0
Drift
Force
Vu
= 0.18
V0
Force
Force
Vu
= 0.51
V0
Drift
Drift
7
6
Data
Proposed model
Vg
V0
1.0
0.8
2
1
0.6
0
0.0
P ( DM 3 > dm 3 | EDP ,
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Vg
0.2
V0
IDR DS 3
0.4
0.6
0.0
0.08
0.5
1.0
0.8
0.06
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.04
0.4
0.2
R
ID
0.1
0.02
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Vg / V0
0.2
0.0
Vg
V0
102
51
P ( DM 3 > dm 3 | EDP , Pn )
1.0
Photo by J. Moehle
IDRf
7
0.8
0.10
Story
0.6
Model
0.08
+/
6
5
4
Test data
0.06
0.4
0.04
0.2
3
2
1
0
0.02
50
0.0
0.0040
0.0032
0.00
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
100
150
200
P parameter
0.0024
40
0.0016
0.008
IDR
15.0
0.0
0.00
5.0
25.0
20.0
10.0
NP
103
1.0
0.4
0.2
Photo by J. Moehle
Slab-column joints
Photo by I. Robertson
0.0
0.00
0.01
EDP [IDR]
0.5
0.0
0.08
0.02
EDP [ IDR]
P (DM1 | EDP)
P (DM2 | EDP)
1.0
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.05
0.075
20.0
10.0
Axial
0.5
0.0
0.08
0.025
0.05
0.075
0.6
0.4
1.0
P [ DMi | EDP ]
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.04
]
DR
[I
Interior
0.8
0.00
0.0
Exterior
0.6
0.4
0.2
Walker, Lehman, and
Stanton (2001)
0.05
0.00 0.0
EDP [ IDR]
P (DM3 | EDPi)
IDR
P [ DMi | EDP ]
1.0
0.0
0.10
P
ED
0.025
0.15
shear
0.00 0.00
0.5
1.0
IDR
0.04
1.0
Beam-column joints
0.30
ea
r
0.6
1.0
sh
P (DM2 | EDPi )
0.8
P(DM1|EDP i)
1.0
P (DM3 | EDPi )
Columns
0.2
0.0
0.0
0
0.04
0.08
EDP [ IDR ]
0.12
0.04
0.08
EDP [ IDR ]
0.12
104
52
100%
80%
60%
78.2%
83.8%
85.7%
Nonstructural
Structural
40%
20%
0%
21.8%
Office
16.2%
Hotel
14.3%
Hospital
105
Elementos No Estructurales
INCREMENTANDO DEFORMACIONES DE ENTREPISO
DM1
DM2
DM3
Agrietamiento ligero
Dao a paneles
Tipo de accin:
Re-empastado, recolocar
cinta, rempastar y repintar
Tipo de accin:
Tipo de accin:
Re-emplazo de paneles de yeso Re-emplazo de todo el muro
Re-empastar, suerte con la toma divisorio
( Taghavi and Miranda,2005)
de posesin
106
53
Elementos No Estructurales
Partitions
Define damage states for
the component
Gather motion
damage pairs
Develop fragility
functions
(1)
P ( DS | IDR )
1.0
Light Cracking
0.8
0.6
(2)
0.4
0.2
Severe Cracking
0.0
0.000
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.020
IDR
(3)
( Taghavi and Miranda,2005)
Damage to Frame
107
Elementos No Estructurales
Interior partitions
Acoustical ceilings
Glazing
P (DM>dm)
1.0
P (DM>dm)
1.0
P (DM>dm)
1.0
Partitions
Gla zing
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0%
0.0
0.0%
1.0%
2.0%
IDR
3.0%
4.0%
Acoustica l ceilings
0.0
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
IDR
8.0%
10.0%
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
PFA (g)
54
>
Demandas de
Desplazamiento
Lateral
109
1.
2.
3.
110
55
111
56