Gerund (Gerundio) El gerundio y el infinitivo son formas de los verbos que actuan como nombres.

El gerundio se forma con " -ing" (walking, eating, etc.). Como hemos visto en la leccin sobre los verbos, el infinitivo se forma con la preposicin " to" (to walk, to eat, etc.). Grammatical Rules (Reglas gramaticales) 1. Podemos usar el gerundio o el infinitivo como objeto, sujeto o complemento de una frase, pero en general, es mucho ms comn usar el gerundio como sujeto. o Ejemplos: o Objeto o I like cooking. I like cooking./I like to cook. (Me gusta cocinar.)

She continued working. She continued working./She continued to work. (Continu trabajando.)

o o

Sujeto Swimming is good exercise. Swimming is good exercise. (Nadar es un buen ejercicio.)

Drinking and driving is dangerous. Drinking and driving is dangerous. (Beber y conducir es peligroso.)

o o

Complemento The best thing to do when you are sick is to drink a lot of water. The best thing to do when you are sick is to drink a lot of water. (Lo mejor que puedes hacer cuando ests enfermo es beber mucha agua.)

My favorite exercise is swimming. My favorite exercise is swimming. (Mi ejercicio favorito es la natacin.)

2.

Cuando un verbo sigue otro verbo, siempre necesitamos usar el infinitivo o el gerundio. Normalmente usamos el infinitivo despus de algunos verbos y el gerundio despus de otros. Tambin hay verbos con los que podemos usar el gerundio o el infinitivo. o Ejemplos: o I can't afford to buy a new car. I can't afford to buy a new car. (No puede permitirse comprar un coche nuevo.)

He began to doubt himself. He began to doubt himself./He began doubting himself. (Comenz a dudar de s mismo.)

They decided to move to Australia in May. They decided to move to Australia in May. (Decidieron mudarse a Australia en Mayo.)

I enjoy listening to music. I enjoy listening to music. (Disfruto escuchar msica.)

She hates studying. She hates studying./She hates to study. (Odia estudiar.)

You love dancing. You love dancing./You love to dance. (Te encanta bailar.)

He needed to leave class early because he had an appointment. He needed to leave class early because he had an appointment. (Tena que salir de la clase pronto porque tena una cita.)

She can't tolerate complaining. She can't tolerate complaining. (No puede tolerar quejas.)

I tried learning English. I tried learning English./I tried to learn English. (He intentado aprender ingls.) Verbo Afford Agree Attempt Begin Choose Continue Decide Detest Enjoy Expect Fail Finish Hate Hope Imagine Intend Gerundio Infinitivo X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Keep Learn Like Love Manage Need Offer Plan Prefer Promise Quit Recommend Refuse Regret Seem Start Suggest Tend Threaten Tolerate Try Understand Want Wish

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

3.

Con algunos verbos, cuando usamos el gerundio o el infinitivo, el significado cambia. o Ejemplos: o I forgot writing that email.

I forgot writing that email./I forgot to write that email. (Me olvid escribiendo ese correo electrnico./Me olvid de escribir el correo electrnico.)

Stop watching the television. Stop watching the television./Stop to watch the news. (Dejar de ver la televisin./Parar para ver las noticias.)

forget, mean, remember, stop... 4. Se usa el infinitivo despus de adjetivos. o Ejemplos: o I'm glad to see you. I'm glad to see you. (Me alegro de verte.)

She was surprised to find the door unlocked. She was surprised to find the door unlocked. (Se sorprendi al encontrar la puerta abierta.)

disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised... 5. Despus de preposiciones solo podemos usar el gerundio. o Ejemplos: o He's good at listening. He's good at listening. (Escucha bien.)

I always read before going to bed. I always read before going to bed. (Siempre leo antes de acostarme.)

You can't leave without saying goodbye. You can't leave without saying goodbye. (No puedes salir sin despedirte.)

about, against, at, after, before, by, on, without... 6. Se usa el gerundio despus de unos nombres. o Ejemplos: o What is the advantage of waiting? What is the advantage of waiting? (Cul es la ventaja de esperar?)

I am interested in taking an English class. I am interested in taking an English class. (Estoy interesado en tomar una clase de ingls.)

His problem finding a new jow was his lack of experience. His problem finding a new job was his lack of experience. (Su problema para encontrar un nuevo empleo era su falta de experiencia.)