DISEO DE ESCALERA 1 tramo

DATOS
P:paso
CP:contra paso
t:espesor del cuello
B:Ancho de la ecalera
L: Lon. de esc.
L1: Lon. de esc. Descanso

P=0.28m

2400

kg/cm

P =

0.28

CP =

0.1652

t =

0.175

B=

1.65

COS()=

0.861

L=
L1=

2.52

1.9

S/C=

400

kg/m

S/C=acab.
recub.=
F'c=
fy=.

100

Cp=0.18m

kg/m

4 cm
210 kg/m
4200 kg/m

1)METRADO DE CARGAS
a). Descanso
carga muerta
peso propio=
Acabados=

CpxBx=

654.192

BxS/Cacab=.

165
WD = 819.192 Kg/m

Sobrecarga =

S/CxB=
WL=

660 Kg/m

CARGA ULTIMA Wu=1.5xWd+1.8xWL

Wu=

2268.9 Kg/m

t=L/20
L/25

b). Tramo inclinado

peso propio= 2.4 b (Cp/2+ t/cos)
peso propio=
Acabados=

1131.72

Kg/m

1131.72 Kg/m

Bx S/C acab=.

165 Kg/m
WD = 1296.72 Kg/m

Sobrecarga S/C=BX400
WL=

660 Kg/m

CARGA ULTIMA Wu=1.5xWd+1.8xWL

Wu=

2937.4 Kg/m

2)ESQUEMA ESTRUCTURAL
L=2.52m

L2=1.90m

Estado de cargas
WL
Wddes
L=2.52m

L2=1.90m

M3

M1

M4

M2

M1=1/16 a 1/12 WL2

M2=1/10 WL

M1=

1,165.86 positivo

M5=

682.55 positivo

M2= 1,865.37 negativo

M3= 1,653.10 negativo
M4=
819.06 negativo

M3=1/9 W((L1+L2)/2)

M5

M4=1/10 WL22

M5=1/16 a 1/12 WL22

como es hiperesttico clculamos los momentos

Momento (+)=

1.1659 tn-m

1.1659

Momento (-)=

1.8654 tn-m

1.8654

Momento (-)=

1.6531 tn-m

1.6531

Clculo del peralte

d=t-(recub--/2)

considerando 1/2=

1.27 cm

d=

12.865 cm

CALCULO DEL AREA DE ACERO (-)

Mu=Kuxbxd

6.8308
Ku=
En la tabla Ku vs para f'c=175kg/cm
f'c

210

Kg/cm

fy

4200

Kg/cm

Ku

6.8308

diseo =

diseo

0.0018

0.0018

As = rBd/100
3.820905

cm

Asmin =

2.3157

cm

As dis =

3.820905

cm

As =
Verificacin de acero minimo
Asmin = 0.0018 Bd

Refuerzo Longitudinal
Smax<=45cm 3t

Alternativa 1

USAR 3/8" @

Alternativa 2

USAR 1/2" @

USAR

3/8"=

0.71 cm2

1/2"=

1.29 cm2

5/8"=

2 cm2

3/4"=

2.84 cm2

19 cm
34 cm
USAR 1/2" @ 30cm

n de varillas

n de varillas

4.00varillas

Astemp. =0.0018xbxt
Astemp. =

2.3157

3/8 =0.71 cm
Alternativa 1

USAR 3/8" @

Alternativa 2

USAR 1/2" @

USAR

30 cm
44 cm
USAR 3/8" @ 30cm

n de varillas

n de varillas

4.00varillas

una sola capa

CALCULO DEL AREA DE ACERO (+)

Mu=Kuxbxd

4.2693
En la tabla Ku vs para f'c=175kg/cm
Ku=

f'c

210

Kg/cm

fy

4200

Kg/cm

Ku

4.2693

diseo =

diseo

0.0011

0.0011

As = rBd/100
2.3349975

cm

Asmin =

2.3157

cm

As dis =

2.3349975

cm

As diseo =
Verificacin de acero minimo
Asmin = 0.0018 Bd

refuerzo longitudinal
Smax<=45cm 3t

Alternativa 1

USAR 3/8" @

Alternativa 2

USAR 1/2" @

3/8"=

0.71 cm2

1/2"=

1.29 cm2

5/8"=

2 cm2

3/4"=

2.84 cm2

30 cm
45 cm

USAR

USAR 3/8" @ 30 cm

n de varillas

n de varillas

3.00varillas

Astemp. =0.0018xbxt
Astemp. =

2.3157 cm2

3/8 =0.71 cm
Alternativa 1

USAR 3/8" @

Alternativa 2

USAR 1/2" @

31 cm
45 cm

USAR

USAR 3/8" @ 30cm

n de varillas

n de varillas

4.00varillas

una sola capa

VERIFICACION POR CORTE (ms crtico)

V =WuL/2-l(Ma+Mb)/L
V=

2.30490819 TN
Wu

x
WA

M+WuxX/2-V=0
X=

0.80000

W
B

Ld=x+d=

0.92865

CHEQUEO POR CORTE

Vc=0.53xf'cxdxb
Vc= 16303.4401 tn

okey

Nominacin
1/4"

MOMENTO NEGATIVO
Mu =
1.865
b = 165.000
h=
17.500
d=
12.865
f'c = 210.000
Recubrim. =
3.000
Ku =

Mu =
b.d.

ton x m
cm
cm
cm
Kg/cm
cm
= 6.83

3/8"
1/2"
5/8"
3/4"
1"
1 1/4"

diseo =

180.76

Opcion 1
1/4"

0.0018

r min=

0.0024

r balanc.=

0.0213

r max=
Mrest =

0.0159
13.334

MOMENTO POSITIVO
Mu =
1.166
b = 165.000
h=
17.500
d=
12.865
f'c = 210.000
Recubrim. =
2.000
Ku =

Mu =
b.d.

5.095

n de varillas

cm2

16

Distribucion
@ 10 cm OK

3/8"

@ 23 cm OK

1/2"

@ 40 cm OK

5/8"

@ 53 cm OK

2
1
1

@ 80 cm OK
@ 159 cm OK
@ 159 cm OK

As max = 33.75 cm2 3/4"

1"
1 1/4"

ton x m
cm
cm
cm
Kg/cm
cm

Dimetro Peso lineal

cm
Kg/m
0.635
0.27
0.952
0.58
1.27
1.02
1.588
1.6
1.805
2.26
2.54
3.97
3.226
6.23

0.0024

As diseo = .b.d. =

D=

As min = 5.09 cm2

Area
cm2
0.32
0.74
1.29
2
2.84
5.1
8.19

diseo =

0.0024

As = .b.d. =

= 4.27

n de varillas

5.095

cm2

D=

183.89

Opcion 1
1/4"

0.0011

3/8"

@ 23 cm OK

r min=

0.0024

1/2"

@ 40 cm OK

r balanc.=

0.0213

5/8"

@ 54 cm OK

r max=

0.0159
13.334

2
1
1

@ 81 cm OK
@ 161 cm OK
@ 161 cm OK

Mrest =

As min = 5.09 cm2

As max = 33.75 cm2 3/4"

1"
1 1/4"

Distribucion
16
@ 10 cm OK

Opcion 2 n de varillas
1/4"
16

Distribucion
@ 6 cm OK

3/8"

@ 15 cm OK

1/2"

@ 25 cm OK

5/8"

@ 39 cm OK

3/4"
1"
1 1/4"

@ 45 cm OK
@ 45 cm OK
@ 45 cm OK

Opcion 2
1/4"

n de varillas

Distribucion

16

@ 6 cm

OK

3/8"

@ 15 cm

OK

1/2"

@ 25 cm

OK

5/8"

@ 39 cm

OK

3/4"
1"
1 1/4"

@ 45 cm

OK

@ 45 cm
@ 45 cm

OK
OK

1
1

DISEO DE ESCALERA 2 tramo

DATOS
P:paso
CP:contra paso
t:espesor del cuello
B:Ancho de la ecalera
L: Lon. de esc.
L1: Lon. de esc. Descanso

P=0.30m
P=0.

2400

kg/cm

P =

0.28

CP =

0.1652

t =

0.17

B=

1.65

COS()=

0.861

L=
L1=

2.52

1.9

S/C=

400

kg/m

S/C=acab.
recub.=
F'c=
fy=.

100

kg/m

Cp=0.165m
Cp=0.1

4 cm
210 kg/m
4200 kg/m

1)METRADO DE CARGAS
a). Descanso
carga muerta
peso propio=
Acabados=

Sobrecarga

CpxBx=

654.192

BxS/Cacab=.

165
WD =

819.192 Kg/m

WL=

660 Kg/m

S/CxB=

CARGA ULTIMA Wu=1.5xWd+1.8xWL

Wu=

2268.9 Kg/m

t=L/20

L/25

b). Tramo inclinado

peso propio= 2.4 b (Cp/2+ t/coseno )
peso propio=
Acabados=

1108.73

Kg/m

1108.73 Kg/m

Bx S/C acab=.

165 Kg/m
WD =

1273.73 Kg/m

WL=

660 Kg/m

Sobrecarga S/C=BX400

CARGA ULTIMA Wu=1.5xWd+1.8xWL

Wu=

2905.2 Kg/m

2)ESQUEMA ESTRUCTURAL
L2=1.90 m

L=2.52m

Estado de cargas
WL
Wddes
L=2.70m

M3

M1
M2

M1=1/16 a 1/12 WL2

M2=1/10 WL

L2=3.32m

M3=1/9 W((L1+L2)/2)2
M4=1/10 WL22

M5=1/16 a 1/12 WL

2
2

M5
M4

M1= 1153.08433
M2= 1844.93493 positivo
M3= 1642.87869 negativo
M4= 819.061637 negativo
M5= 682.551364 positivo

como es hiperesttico clculamos los momentos

0.6825 tn-m
0.8191 tn-m
1.6429 tn-m

Momento (+)=
Momento (-)=
Momento (-)=

0.68255136
0.81906164
1.64287869

Clculo del peralte

d=t-(recub--/2)

1.27 cm
12.365 cm

considerando 1/2=
d=

CALCULO DEL AREA DE ACERO (-)

Mu=Kuxbxd

3.2467
Ku=
En la tabla Ku vs para f'c=175kg/cm
f'c

210

Kg/cm

fy

4200

Kg/cm

Ku

3.2467

diseo =

diseo

= 0.0009

0.0009

As = rBd/100
1.8362025

cm

Asmin =

2.2257

cm

As dis =

2.2257

cm

As =
Verificacin de acero minimo
Asmin = 0.0018 Bd

refuerzo longitudinal
Smax<=45cm 3t

Alternativa 1

USAR 3/8" @

Alternativa 2

USAR 1/2" @

USAR

3/8"=

0.71 cm2

1/2"=

1.29 cm2

5/8"=

2 cm2

3/4"=

2.84 cm2

32
45

cm

n de varillas

cm

n de varillas

USAR 1/2" @ 30 cm

Astemp. =0.0018xbxt
Astemp. =
3/8 =0.71 cm

2.2257 cm2

3.00varillas

Alternativa 1

32
45

USAR 3/8" @
USAR 1/2" @

USAR

cm

n de varillas

cm

n de varillas

USAR 3/8" @ 30cm

4.00varillas

una sola capa

CALCULO DEL AREA DE ACERO (+)

Mu=Kuxbxd

2.7054
En la tabla Ku vs para f'c=175kg/cm
Ku=

f'c

210

Kg/cm

fy

4200

Kg/cm

Ku

2.7054

diseo =

diseo

= 0.0007

0.0007

As = rBd/100
1.4281575

cm

Asmin =

2.2257

cm

As dis =

2.2257

cm

As diseo=
Verificacin de acero minimo
Asmin = 0.0018 Bd

refuerzo longitudinal
Smax<=45cm 3t

Alternativa 1

USAR 3/8" @

Alternativa 2

USAR 1/2" @

USAR

3/8"=

0.71 cm2

1/2"=

1.29 cm2

5/8"=

2 cm2

3/4"=

2.84 cm2

32
45

cm

n de varillas

cm

n de varillas

USAR 1/2" @ 30 cm

2.00varillas

Astemp. =0.0018xbxt
Astemp. =

2.2257 cm2

3/8 =0.71 cm
Alternativa 1

USAR 3/8" @
una sola capa

32

cm

USAR 3/8" @30cm

VERIFICACION POR CORTE (ms crtico)

n de varillas

V =WuL/2-l(Ma+Mb)/L
V=

2.683624742 TN
Wu

W
B

WA

M+WuxX/2-V=0
X=

0.80000

Ld=x+d=

0.92365

CHEQUEO POR CORTE

Vc=0.53xf'cxdxb
Vc= 15669.80463 tn

okey

CONTRA PASOS MINIMOS

Escaleras secundaria
Escaleras monumentales
Escaleras en edificios
Escalera en locales comerciales

18-20
13-15
15-17.5
18cm

B ANCHO MINIMOS
TIPO DE EDIF.

_Viviendas

B(m)

_Auxiliares o de servicio

0.7

_Caracol

0.6

_Edif. De ofocinas

1.2

_locales comerciales

1.3

SOBRECARGAS RNC
TIPO DE EDIF.

_Viviendas y edif. Comerciales

_Viviendas y edif. residenciales
_Edif. Pblicos
_Edif. De oficinas y tribunas
_Acabados

S/C (kg/m)

200
250-300
400
500
100

r min=

0.0024

r balanc.=

0.0213

r max=

0.0159

una sola capa

r min=

0.0024

r balanc.=

0.0213

r max=

0.0159

Nominacin
1/4"

MOMENTO NEGATIVO
Mu =
0.819
b = 165.000
h=
17.000
d=
12.365
f'c = 210.000
Recubrim. =
4.000
Ku =

Mu =
b.d.

ton x m
cm
cm
cm
Kg/cm
cm
= 3.25

3/8"
1/2"
5/8"
3/4"
1"
1 1/4"

diseo =

185.13

Opcion 1
1/4"

0.0009

r min=

0.0024

r balanc.=

0.0213

r max=
Mrest =

0.0159
12.317

MOMENTO POSITIVO
Mu =
0.683
b = 165.000
h=
17.000
d=
12.365
f'c = 210.000
Recubrim. =
4.000
Ku =

Mu =
b.d.

As max = 32.44 cm2

ton x m
cm
cm
cm
Kg/cm
cm
= 2.71

Dimetro
cm
0.635
0.952
1.27
1.588
1.805
2.54
3.226

0.0024

As diseo = .b.d. =

D=

As min = 4.90 cm2

Area
cm2
0.32
0.74
1.29
2
2.84
5.1
8.19

4.897

n de varillas

16

Distribucion
@ 10 cm

3/8"

@ 22 cm

1/2"

@ 39 cm

5/8"

@ 52 cm

3/4"
1"
1 1/4"

2
1
1

@ 79 cm
@ 157 cm
@ 157 cm

diseo =

0.0024

As diseo = .b.d. =
n de varillas

4.897

D=

185.78

Opcion 1
1/4"

0.0007

3/8"

@ 22 cm

r min=

0.0024

1/2"

@ 39 cm

r balanc.=

0.0213

5/8"

@ 52 cm

r max=
Mrest =

0.0159
12.317

3/4"
1"
1 1/4"

2
1
1

@ 79 cm
@ 157 cm
@ 157 cm

As min = 4.90 cm2

As max = 32.44 cm2

Distribucion
16
@ 10 cm

Peso lineal
Kg/m
0.27
0.58
1.02
1.6
2.26
3.97
6.23

cm2
n de varillas

OK

Opcion 2
1/4"

OK

3/8"

@ 15 cm OK

OK

1/2"

@ 26 cm OK

OK

5/8"

@ 41 cm OK

OK
OK
OK

3/4"
1"
1 1/4"

@ 45 cm OK
@ 45 cm OK
@ 45 cm OK

n de varillas

OK

Opcion 2
1/4"

OK

3/8"

@ 15 cm

OK

OK

1/2"

@ 26 cm

OK

OK

5/8"

@ 41 cm

OK

OK
OK
OK

3/4"
1"
1 1/4"

@ 45 cm

OK

@ 45 cm
@ 45 cm

OK
OK

15

1
1

Distribucion
@ 7 cm OK

cm2

15

Distribucion
@ 7 cm OK

TABLA Ku vs

f'c =

280 Kg/cm

f'c =

210 Kg/cm

f'c =

175 Kg/cm

fy =

4200 Kg/cm

fy =

4200 Kg/cm

fy =

4200 Kg/cm

b =

0.0289
Ku

b =

0.0289
Ku

b =

0.0289
Ku

0.0106 36.3093

0.0052

18.4500

0.0024

8.7637

0.0104 35.6938

0.0050

17.7847

0.0022

8.0570

0.0102 35.0756

0.0048

17.1164

0.0020

7.3457

0.0100 34.4548

0.0046

16.4442

0.0018

6.6306

0.0098 33.834

0.0044

15.7695

0.0016

5.9110

0.0096 33.2132

0.0042

15.0872

0.0014

5.1871

0.0094 32.5924

0.0040

14.4064

0.0012

4.4587

0.0092 31.9716

0.0038

13.7200

0.0010

3.7265

0.0090 31.3508

0.0036

13.0300

0.0008

2.9598

0.0088

0.0034

12.3364

0.0006

2.2497

0.0086 30.1092

0.0032

11.6393

0.0004

1.5350

0.0084 29.4884

0.0030

10.9386

0.0002

0.7539

0.0082 28.8676

0.0028

10.2343

0.0000

0.0000

0.0080 28.2468

0.0026

9.5265

0.0078 27.626

0.0024

8.8151

0.0076 26.7958

0.0022

8.1002

0.0074

0.0020

7.3816

0.0072 25.4819

0.0018

6.6575

0.0070 24.8209

0.0016

5.9339

0.0068 24.1572

0.0014

5.2016

0.0066 23.4909

0.0012

4.4718

0.0064 22.8218

0.0010

3.7354

0.0062 22.1501

0.0008

2.9855

0.0060 21.4758

0.0006

2.2520

0.0058 20.7987

0.0004

1.5047

0.0056 20.119

0.0002

0.7543

0.0054 19.4366

0.0000

0.0000

30.73

26.14

0.0052 18.7515
0.0050 18.0637
0.0048 17.3733
0.0046 16.6802
0.0044 15.9844
0.0042 15.4332
0.0040 14.7053
0.0038 13.9774
0.0036 13.2495
0.0034 12.5216
0.0032 11.7937
0.0030 11.0658
0.0028 10.3379
0.0026

9.61

0.0024 8.8821
0.0022 8.1542
0.0020 7.4263
0.0018 6.6957
0.0016 5.9624

0.0014 5.2265
0.0012 4.4879
0.0010 3.7166
0.0008 3.0027

DIMENSIONES DEL ACERO PARA REFUERZO DEL CONCRETO

ACERO GRADO 60 fy = 4200 Kgs. / Cm2.
BARRA

DIAMETRO

Pulg.

2
3
4
5
6
8
10

Cms.

6 mm

0.60

1/4

0.64

8 mm

0.80

3/8

0.95

12 mm

1.20

1/2
5/8
3/4
1
1 1/4

1.27
1.59
1.91
2.54
3.18

AREA

PERIMETRO

Cm2.

Cm

0.28
0.32
0.50
0.71
1.13
1.27
1.98
2.85
5.07
7.92

1.88
2.00
2.51
3.00
3.77
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00

PESO DE LA BARRA

Kg/ml

Kg

0.22

1.98

0.25

2.25

0.40

3.60

0.58

5.22

0.89

8.01

1.02
1.60
2.26
4.04

9.18
14.40
20.34
36.36
0.00

0.28
0.32
0.50
0.71
1.13
1.27
1.98
2.85
5.07
7.92

EL CONCRETO
NORMA ASTM A - 615
NUMERO DE BARRAS CONOCIENDO EL AREA DEL ACERO EN ( Cm2. )

10

0.57

0.85

1.13

1.41

1.70

1.98

2.26

2.54

2.83

0.63
1.01
1.43
2.26
2.53
3.96
5.70
10.13
15.83

0.95
1.51
2.14
3.39
3.80
5.94
8.55
15.20
23.75

1.27
2.01
2.85
4.52
5.07
7.92
11.40
20.27
31.67

1.58
2.51
3.56
5.65
6.33
9.90
14.25
25.34
39.59

1.90
3.02
4.28
6.79
7.60
11.88
17.10
30.40
47.50

2.22
3.52
4.99
7.92
8.87
13.86
19.95
35.47
55.42

2.53
4.02
5.70
9.05
10.13
15.83
22.80
40.54
63.34

2.85
4.52
6.41
10.18
11.40
17.81
25.65
45.60
71.26

3.17
5.03
7.13
11.31
12.67
19.79
28.50
50.67
79.17

11

12

3.11
3.48
5.53
7.84
12.44
13.93
21.77
31.35
55.74

3.39
3.80
6.03
8.55
13.57
15.20
23.75
34.20
60.80

87.09

95.01