Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Los temas y problemas sugeridos en esta gua se encuentran en el texto lgebra, autor: Charles H. Lehmann.
Tema
Problemas
Ejercicios del Grupo 2: 1 al 15.
Productos notables
Ejercicios del Grupo 3: 1 al 23.
Divisin
Ejercicios del Grupo 4: 1 al 30.
Mnimo comn mltiplo
Ejercicios del Grupo 5: 11 al 28.
Fracciones compuestas
Ejercicios del Grupo 6: 19 al 26.
Exponentes
Ejercicios del Grupo 9: 5 al 12.
Notacin de las funciones
Ejercicios del Grupo 11: 1 al 20.
La ecuacin lineal con una incgnita
Ejercicios del Grupo 13: 11 al 17.
Sistemas de ecuaciones lineales
Ejercicios del Grupo 14: 1 al 8.
La ecuacin cuadrtica
Ejercicios del Grupo 15: 1 al 6.
Propiedades de la ecuacin cuadrtica
Ejercicios del Grupo 25: 1 al 13.
Teorema del binomio
Ejercicios del Grupo 26: 9 al 31.
Nmeros complejos
Bibliografa.
Charles H. Lehmann. Algebra. Primera edicin. LIMUSA, Reimpresin 25, 1993
Elaborada por:
Dr. Jos ngel Loredo Medrano
Dr. Oscar Francisco Huerta Guevara
Dr. Ricardo Gmez Gonzlez
Marzo de 2011
Tema
1. Propiedades
volumtricas de
Fluidos
Subtemas
Problemas
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
1.4.
3. Termoqumica
4. 2. Ley de la
Termodinmica
2. 1. Ley de la
Termodinmica
5. Equilibrio
Qumico
Bibliografa.
[1]. Chang, R. Fisicoqumica 3era edicin. McGrawHill , 2008
[2]. Smith, J. M., Van Ness, H.C., Abbott, M. M. Introduccin a la termodinmica en Ingeniera Qumica. 7 Ed. McGraw Hill, 2007
Elaborada por:
Dra. Mnica Alcal
Dr. ngel Martnez
Dr. Javier Rivera de la Rosa
Marzo 2011
Tema
1
Desarrollo Sustentable
Subtemas
Contaminacin Atmosfrica
Residuos y Suelos
Contaminados
Referencias bibliogrficas
Crecimiento poblacional
Cambios ambientales globales
Prdida de biodiversidad
Indicadores de sustentabilidad
Constitucin de la atmsfera
Tipos de contaminantes atmosfricos
Fuentes de contaminantes atmosfricos
Reacciones qumicas atmosfricas
Mtodos de Control
Calentamiento global y cambio climtico
Tipos de residuos
Cdigo CRETIB
Normatividad en materia de residuos
Mtodos de disposicin final
Remediacin de suelos contaminados
4
Contaminacin del Agua y su
Control
Prevencin y Gestin de
los Residuos y su
Reglamento
Normas oficiales mexicanas
en materia de residuos
Los temas y problemas sugeridos en esta gua se encuentran en el texto Qumica Orgnica de Bruice, autores: Paula Yurkanis
Bruice.
Tema
Subtemas
Problemas
Ejercicios del Cap. 1: 50, 51, 54, 57,
5. Estructura electrnica y enlace
1.1 Enlace inico, covalente y polar.
1.2 Orbitales atmicos y moleculares.
58, 60, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72,
1.3 Momento dipolar de molculas.
75, 76 y 77.
1.4 Introduccin a cidos y bases.
1.5 cidos y bases orgnicas; pKa y pH.
1.6 Deslocalizacin de electrones y
resonancia.
7. Estereoqumica
8. Deslocalizacin de electrones y
resonancia
Bibliografa.
Paula Yurkanis Bruice. Organic Chemestry Fourth edition. Pearson.Prentice Hall, 2004
L.G. Wade Jr. Qumica Orgnica. Segunda Edicin Pearson.Prentice Hall, 2004
Elaborada por:
Dra. Mara Elena Cant Crdenas y
Dra. Ma. Elena Rodrguez Cant.
Febrero de 2011
Los temas y problemas sugeridos en esta gua se encuentran en el texto Biologa de los microorganismos de Brock, autores:
Madigan, Martinko, Dunlap y Clark. 12 ed.
Tema
Subtemas
Problemas
Ejercicios del Cap. 1: 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
9. Introduccin a la microbiologa
1.9 Panormica general de la microbiologa.
1.10 Los microorganismos como clulas.
y 13.
1.11 Breve historia de la microbiologa.
1.12 El impacto de los microorganismos en los
humanos.
Ejercicios del Cap. 2: 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11 y
10. Microscopios y microscopa
2.1 Tinciones simples y diferenciales.
2.2 Microscopas.
12
2.3 Elementos de la estructura celular y viral.
2.4 Arreglo del DNA en clulas microbianas.
2.5 El rbol evolutivo de la vida.
2.6 Diversidad fisiolgica de los
Microorganismos.
Ejercicios del Cap. 3: 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 y 10
11. Qumica de la clula.
3.1 Polisacridos y lpidos.
3.2 Protenas y cidos nucledos.
Ejercicios del Cap. 4: 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9,
12. Estructura y funcin celular de
4.1 Morfologa y tamao celular.
procariotas.
4.2 Estructura y funcin de la membrana y
10, 11, 12, 13, 14 y 16
pared celular.
4.3 Estructuras celulares.
Ejercicios del Cap. 5: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
13. Nutricin, cultivo y metabolismo de
5.1 Nutricin microbiana.
microorganismos.
5.2 Medios de cultivo y cultivo de
9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 21 y
Microorganismos en el laboratorio.
22.
5.3 Bioenergtica.
5.4 Catlisis y enzimas.
5.5 Oxidacin y Reduccin.
5.6 Transportadores de electrones.
5.7 Conservacin de la energa.
5.8 Gliclisis.
5.9 Respiracin y Fuerza motriz de protones.
Bibliografa.
Michael T. Madigan. John M. Martinko. Dulap y Clark; Biologa de los Microorganismos (Brock, 12th. Edition); Pearson Prentice-Hall.
2009.
Tortora; Funke and Case. 9th. Edition. Microbiology an introduction. Benjamn Cummings. 2006. ISBN: 978-0805347906
Cowan Kelly Marjorie, Talaro Kathleen Park. Microbiology: a systems approach. Mc Graw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0073048383
Neidhart Frederick C, Ingraham John L, Schalchter Moselio; Physiology of the bacterial cell; Sinauer Asociates Inc.; Berlin, 1990
(Clsica).
Moat Albert G, Foster John W.; Microbial Physiology; John Wiley and Sons; New York, 1988 (Clsica).
Pelczar M, Chan E.; Microbiologa; McGraw-Hill; Mxico, 1999.
Atlas R. M.; Microbiologa: Fundamentos y Aplicaciones (1. Edicin); CECSA; Mxico, 1990 (Clsica).
Pars R., Jurez A.; Bioqumica de los Microorganismos; Revert; Mxico, 1997.
Smith C. A., Wood E.J.; Biologa Molecular y Biotecnologa; Addison Wesley Longman; Madrid, 1998.
Bergeys Manual of Sistematic Bacteriology; Williams and Wilkins; London, 1986 (Clsica).
Elaborada por:
Dra. Mara Elena Cant Crdenas y
Dra. Ma. Elena Rodrguez Cant.
Febrero de 2011
Ejemplo # 1
Hiring managers are typically not allowed to discriminate on the basis or race or gender. But what about smoking?
A growing number of hospitals and other companies have adopted policies allowing them to turn down smokers as job applicants, the New York
Times reported. Companies say hiring only nonsmokers helps to boost worker productivity, reduces health care costs and encourages cleaner,
healthier living. Federal estimates say that employees who smoke cost, on average, $3,391 more a year each in health-care expenses and lost
productivity.
Many companies have already banned smoking in the workplace, or offered cessation programs or incentives to quit (like higher health-care
insurance premiums for smokers.) But now there has been an even more dramatic shift from smoke-free to smoker-free workplaces, as the
Times termed it. Applications now boldly state that companies follow tobacco-free hiring, job seekers may have to submit to urine tests for
nicotine, and new employees caught lighting up may be fired.
These new anti-smoker measures are controversial, because critics, including tobacco companies and the American Civil Liberties Union, say that
employers are crossing a line by banning a habit in workers private lives that is legal. Indeed, more than half of the states have passed laws
prohibiting discrimination against smokers or those who use lawful products. Some critics worry that workplaces may eventually crack down on
other risky, yet legal, employee behavior, like drinking alcohol, eating fast food or riding motorcycles. About 1 in 5 Americans still smoke, the
Times says.
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Ejemplo # 2
More than 100,000 people are waiting for organ transplants in the U.S. alone; every day 18 of them die. Not only are healthy organs in short
supply, but donor and patient also have to be closely matched, or the patient's immune system may reject the transplant. A new kind of solution is
incubating in medical labs: "bioartificial" organs grown from the patient's own cells. Thirty people have received lab-grown bladders already, and
other engineered organs are in the pipeline.
The bladder technique was developed by Anthony Atala of the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
Researchers take healthy cells from a patient's diseased bladder, cause them to multiply profusely in petri dishes, then apply them to a balloonshaped scaffold made partly of collagen, the protein found in cartilage. Muscle cells go on the outside, urothelial cells (which line the urinary tract)
on the inside. "It's like baking a layer cake," says Atala. "You're layering the cells one layer at a time, spreading these toppings." The bladder-to-be
is then incubated at body temperature until the cells form functioning tissue. The whole process takes six to eight weeks.
Solid organs with lots of blood vessels, such as kidneys or livers, are harder to grow than hollow ones like bladders. But Atala's groupwhich is
working on 22 organs and tissues, including earsrecently made a functioning piece of human liver. One tool they use is similar to an ink-jet
printer; it "prints" different types of cells and the organ scaffold one layer at a time.
Other labs are also racing to make bioartificial organs. A jawbone has sprouted at Columbia University and a lung at Yale. At the University of
Minnesota, Doris Taylor has fabricated a beating rat heart, growing cells from one rat on a scaffold she made from the heart of another by washing
off its own cells. And at the University of Michigan, H. David Humes has created an artificial kidney from cells seeded onto a synthetic scaffold.
The cell-phone-size kidney has passed tests on sheepit's not yet implantable, but it's wearable, unlike a dialysis machine, and it does more than
filter toxins from blood. It also makes hormones and performs other kidney functions.
Growing a copy of a patient's organ may not always be possiblefor instance, when the original is too damaged by cancer. One solution for such
patients might be a stem cell bank. Atala's team has shown that stem cells can be collected without harming human embryos (and thus without
political controversy) from amniotic fluid in the womb. The researchers have coaxed those cells into becoming heart, liver, and other organ cells. A
bank of 100,000 stem cell samples, Atala says, would have enough genetic variety to match nearly any patient. Surgeons would order organs
grown as needed instead of waiting for cadavers that might not be a perfect match. "There are few things as devastating for a surgeon as knowing
you have to replace the tissue and you're doing something that's not ideal," says Atala, a urologic surgeon himself. "Wouldn't it be great if they had
their own organ?" Great for the patient especially, he means.
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