Aproximaciones a la antropologa

criminal desde la perspectiva

de Lombroso1
Approaches to criminal anthropology
from Lombrosos perspective
Abordagens para a antropologia criminal
a partir da perspectiva de Lombroso
fecha de recepcin: 2010/11/12

fecha de aceptacin: 2011/05/05

Omar Huertas-Daz
!"#$%&'(&)(*&'&+,-(.&)!/(0(&)(*&'&+,-$(123!)-$4(5$%!6-(6&(*&'&+,-(0(*&3-+'!+7!(&)(89&'-!3:'7+!;
.'-<&$-'(7)=&$%7"!6-'4(>7+&''&+%-'#!(6&(8)=&$%7"!+7?)4(
*7'&++7?)(@!+7-)!/(6&(5$+2&/!$4(.-/7+#!(@!+7-)!/(6&(A-/-397!;(B-"-%C(*;(A;4(A-/-397!;
D!76&7!EFG,-%3!7/;+-3

RESUMEN
5/(D!'!67"3!(+'737)-/?"7+-(/-39'-$7!)-(&$(!H)(,-0($2$%&)%-(6&(7)=&$%7"!I
+7-)&$(+'737)-/?"7+!$4(&)($2(3!0-'#!()-'%&!3&'7+!)!$(0(&2'-D&!$4(J2&(,!)(
$76-("!/!'6-)!6!$(0(&3D/&!6!$(D!'!(+-)%'-/!'(0(D'&=&)7'(/!(+-37$7?)(6&(+-)I
62+%!$(D2)79/&$;(@-(-9$%!)%&4(/!(,7$%-'7!(,!(6&3-$%'!6-(J2&(!D'&+7!+7-)&$(
6&(&$%&(%7D-(&$%C)(/&K-$(6&(6!'($-/2+7?)(!/(%&3!(6&(/!(+'737)!/76!64(0(J2&4(D-'(
&/(+-)%'!'7-4(/&(!9'&)(/!(D2&'%!(!(/!(7)%-/&'!)+7!4(/!($&"'&"!+7?)(0(/!(!'97%'!'7&I
6!6;( *&)%'-( 6&( &$%&( 3!'+-4( +-)=7&)&( $&L!/!'( J2&( &)( &/( D'&$&)%&( !'%#+2/-(
$&(6&$!''-//!(2)!('&M(&N7?)($-9'&(/-$(D/!)%&!37&)%-$(6&(O-39'-$-4(+-)(&/(
-9K&%-(6&(D'-D-'+7-)!'(!(/-$(/&+%-'&$(&/&3&)%-$(D!'!(J2&(76&)%7P(J2&)4(+!'I
!+%&'7+&)(0(!6-D%&)(2)!(D-$7+7?)(<'&)%&(!/(<&)?3&)-(6&(/!(6&/7)+2&)+7!4(!(
D!'%7'(6&(/!(+-3D'&)$7?)(6&(/!(!)%'-D-/-"#!(+'737)!/;

W(

PALABRAS CLAVE
*&/7)+2&)%&4(
$-+7&6!64(
6&/7%-4( &$+2&/!( D-$7%7=7$%!4(
%&-'#!$( 97-/?"7+!$( Q<2&)%&R(
S&$!2'-(6&(D-/#%7+!(+'737)!/(
/!%7)-!3&'7+!)!(I(8OT@U*V;

T'%#+2/-(6&('&M(&N7?)(J2&(&/(!2%-'('&!/7X?(+-)(9!$&(&)(/!(7)=&$%7"!+7?)(J2&(!6&/!)%!(&)(&/(Y'2D-(6&(8)=&$%7"!+7?)(&)(*&'&+,-(.&)!/4(
A'737)-/-"#!(0(.-/#%7+!(A'737)!/(A&$!'(BZ'7!4('&"7$%'-(A-/+7&)+7!$(A[OEE\W]^\4(+/!$7P(+!6-(&)(+!%&"-'#!(A4(!L-(]EWE4(*7'&++7?)(@!+7-I
)!/(6&(5$+2&/!$IU)7=&'$76!6(T2%?)-3!(6&(A-/-397!;
ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, pp. 293-306, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

293

Omar Huertas-Daz

ABSTRACT
S,&(O-39'-$7!)(+'737)-/-"7+!/(D!'!67"3(7$($%7//($2DD-'%7)"(%-6!0_$(3-$%/0(
D'7X&( `7))7)"( @-'%,( T3&'7+!)( !)6( 52'-D&!)( +'737)-/-"7+!/( 7)=&$%7"!%7-)$(
2$&6(%-(+-)%'-/(!)6(D'&=&)%(%,&(+-337$$7-)(-<(D2)7$,!9/&(9&,!=7-'$;(@&=I
&'%,&/&$$4( ,7$%-'0( ,!$( D'-=&6( %,!%( %,7$( %0D&( -<( !DD'&+7!%7-)$( 7$( <!'( <'-3(
9'7)"7)"(!($-/2%7-)(%-(%,&(+'737)!/7%0(7$$2&(!)64(-)(%,&(+-)%'!'04(%,&0(-D&)(
%,&( 6--'( %-( 7)%-/&'!)+&4( $&"'&"!%7-)( !)6( !'97%'!'7)&$$;( a7%,7)( %,7$( <'!3&I
`-'Z4(7%(7$(`-'%,(D-7)%7)"(-2%(%,!%(7)(%,7$(!'%7+/&(!('&M(&+%7-)(6&=&/-D&6(-)(
O-39'-$-_$(&ND-$7%7-)$(7$(!73&6(!%(-b(&'7)"(%,&('&!6&'$($-3&(&/&3&)%$(<-'(
%,&3(%-(76&)%7<04(+,!'!+%&'7X&(!)6(!6-D%(!($%!)6(`7%,('&"!'6(%-(%,&(+'737)!/I
7%0(D,&)-3&)-)4(9!$&6(-)(%,&7'(+-3D'&,&)$7-)(-<(+'737)!/(!)%,'-D-/-"0;

KEY WORDS
A'737)!/c6&/7)J2&)%c-<I
<&)6&'4( $-+7&%04( +'73&4( -<I
<&)$&4( D-$7%7=7$%( $+,--/4(
97-/-"7+!/(%,&-'7&$(Q$-2'+&R(
S&$!2'-(6&(D-/#%7+!(+'737)!/(
/!%7)-!3&'7+!)!(I(8OT@U*V;

RESUMO
[(D!'!67"3!(+'737)-/?"7+-(6&(O-39'-$-(!7)6!(,-K&(:(23($2$%&)%-(6!$(D&$I
J27$!$(+'737)-/?"7+!$4(D'7)+7D!/3&)%&()-'%&I!3&'7+!)!$(&(&2'-D:7!$4(J2&(<-I
'!3("!/!'6-!6!$(&(2%7/7X!6!$(D!'!(+-)%'-/!'(&(D'&=&)7'(!(D'C%7+!(6&(6&/7%-$;(
@-(&)%!)%-4(!(,7$%?'7!(%&3(3-$%'!6-(J2&(%!7$(!D'&+7!de&$(&$%f-(/-)"&(6&(
'&$-/=&'(!(J2&$%f-(6-(+'73&(&4(&3(=&X(67$$-4(!9'&3(!(D-'%!(D!'!(!($&"'&"!I
df-4(7)%-/&'g)+7!(&(!'97%'!'7&6!6&;(*&)%'-(6&$%&(3!'+-4(6&=&I$&()-%!'(J2&(
)&$%&(!'%7"-($&(6&$&)=-/=&(23!('&M(&Nf-($-9'&(-$(&)<-J2&$(6&(O-39'-$-4(!(
P(3(6&(<-')&+&'(!-$(/&7%-'&$(7%&)$(D!'!(76&)%7P(+!'4(+!'!+%&'7X!'(&(%-3!'(23!(
D-$7df-($-9'&(-(<&)h3&)-(6-(+'73&4(!(D!'%7'(6!(+-3D'&&)$f-(6!(!)%'-D-I
/-"7!(+'737)!/;

294

PALAVRAS-CHAVE
*&/7)J2&)%&4( $-+7&6!6&4(
+'73&4(!(&$+-/!(D-$7%7=7$%!4(
%&-'7!$( 97-/?"7+!$( Q<-)I
%&R( S&$!2'-( 6&( D-/#%7+!(
+'737)!/( /!%7)-!3&'7+!)!(
I(8OT@U*V;

Aproximaciones a la antropologa criminal desde la perspectiva de Lombroso

Introduccin
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$7+!$4(D-'J2&(%7&)&)(3!/<-'3!+7-)&$(+-)":)7%!$(-(!6J27'76!$(&)(&/(%'!)$+2'$-(6&($2(&N7$%&)+7!;
l7)(&39!'"-4(D&$&(!(J2&(&$%!$(=!/-'!+7-)&$($&(9!$!)(m&)(/!(D'-D7!(&ND&'7&)+7!(0(-9$&'=!+7?)(6&(
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'&+-)-+76!(+-3-(2)!()2&=!(67$+7D/7)!;

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/!$(+-)+/2$7-)&$;

ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

5)(&$%&(+-)%&N%-(&$(D'&+7$-(%'!&'(!(+-/!+7?)(/!(=7$7?)(6&/(32)6-(J2&($&(%&)#!(62'!)%&(/!(:D-+!4(
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p-2)"4(]EEW4(D;(FqV;

295

Omar Huertas-Daz

Tesis de Lombroso
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y( O&(+-)+&6&(&/(6-)(6&(/!(i-9K&%7=76!6j;

ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

y( A29'&($2$(D'-)2)+7!37&)%-$(+-)(&/(3!)%-(6&(/!(i=&'6!6j;

296

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+'73&)k(D-'(&$-4(/2&"-(6&(+-)P('3!'(&$%!(,7D?%&$7$4(&/(+7&)%#P(+-(-'7&)%!($2$(&$%267-$(!(-9$&'=!I
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Aproximaciones a la antropologa criminal desde la perspectiva de Lombroso

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ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

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297

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ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

O-$(/!6'-)&$(%7&)&)(&)("&)&'!/(/-$('!$"-$(6&(/!(+!'!(0(/!$(3!)-$(320(3-=79/&$k($2$(-K-$($-)(
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298

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Crticas a la teora de Lombroso

1. Escuela positivista: Ferri y Garfalo
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Aproximaciones a la antropologa criminal desde la perspectiva de Lombroso

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ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

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2. Escuela crtica

ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

O!(+'737)-/-"#!(+-)%&3D-'C)&!4(6&$6&(/-$(!L-$(%'&7)%!(&)(!6&/!)%&4($&(,!(+!'!+%&'7X!6-(D-'(/!(
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Aproximaciones a la antropologa criminal desde la perspectiva de Lombroso

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ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

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301

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ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

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Aproximaciones a la antropologa criminal desde la perspectiva de Lombroso

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-%'!(3!)&'!(,297&'!)(%&)76-(QB2+,!)!)(&%;(!/4(]EE]4(D;(]zV;

ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

5$(&=76&)%&(J2&(&$%!()-(<2&(2)!(+-)+&D+7?)(&N+/2$7=!(6&(/-$(
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6!3&)%&($&(!+&D%!'-)(&$%!$(76&!$(<2&(&)(T/&3!)7!R

303

Omar Huertas-Daz

$7%2!6!$( &N%'!32'-$( 6&( /!( /&"7$/!+7?)( D&)!/( 0( 6&( /-$( +?67"-$( D&)!/&$( 6&+73-)?)7+-$4( $7)( $2$(
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6&(&$%&(!'%#+2/-;

ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

Conclusiones

304

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Aproximaciones a la antropologa criminal desde la perspectiva de Lombroso

Bibliografa
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:N7+-R(8)$%7%2%-(@!+7-)!/(6&(A7&)+7!$(.&)!/&$;
Y!/&!)-4( ;(5;(Q]EEFV;( +3$*3'&%*+")'"%(6'+3%&*-%=("+#-%*!"-0*!%3*3%6*;( &6&//#)R(O!(A!''&%!(567%-I
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*<%#!=&%-*"-#1#",#!73%-*"-$%1%(*!;(B2&)-$(T7'&$R(567%-'&$(6&/(.2&'%-($;';/;
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'7+!)-(6&(T/%-$(5$%267-$;

ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

Y!'?<!/-4(t;(Q]EEFV;(A'737)-/-"#!;(5)(t-6'#"2&X4(O;(5!D+%-#+")'"!*"-$%1%(#!#&7*(QDD;(Wu^I]WFV;( :I
N7+-R(8)$%7%2%-(@!+7-)!/(6&(A7&)+7!$(.&)!/&$;

305

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ISSN 1794-3108. Rev. crim., Volumen 53, nmero 1, enero-junio 2011, Bogot, D.C., Colombia

S-'-4(8;(o(.!''!4(t;(Q]EWEV;(I0()*1'(3#+"',%+3'1#!=&%-#+")'"!*"%(6'+3%&*-%=(">"!*"1'3#)#!#&7*")'"!*"
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306