Manual de Ingles 4

UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLGICA DE TEHUACN
TSU MECATRNICA MODALIDAD MIXTA

MANUAL DE ASIGNATURA
Asignatura: Ingls 2
Cuatrimestre: Segundo
Plan de estudios: 2009
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2015
INGLS 4
Universidad Tecnolgica
de Tehuacn

MANUAL DE ASIGNATURA TSU
Asignatura: Ingls IV
Cuatrimestre: Cuarto
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INDICE
INTRODUCCIN...................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1
COMPETENCIAS: ..................................................................................................................... 3
1.2
OBJETIVO DE APRENDIZAJE: ................................................................................................ 3
UNIDAD I : COMPARATIVOS, SUPERLATIVOS ................................................................................... 4

1.1. Comparativos de igualdad y superioridad .................................................................................... 4
1.2. Superlativos .................................................................................................................................. 7
UNIDAD 2: PRESENTE PERFECTO .................................................................................................... 21
2.1 Experiencias ................................................................................................................................. 21
2.1.1 Pasado participio de verbos regulares ........................................................................... 21

2.1.2 Pasado participio de verbos irregulares .................................................................................. 22
2.1.3 Estructura gramatical del presente perfecto ............................................................................ 27
2.1.3.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa. .............................................................. 27

Use of Present Perfect ................................................................................................................ 28
2.1.4 since, for ............................................................................................................................... 29
2.2 Have you ever? ........................................................................................................................ 30
2.2.1 Adverbios de frecuencia: already, just, ever, always, yet, never ............... 30
2.3 Presente Perfecto vs Pasado Simple .......................................................................................... 32
2.3.1 Uso del pasado simple en relacin al presente perfecto. ........................................... 32

2.3.2 Funcin de used to ................................................................................................................. 32
2.3.2.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa. .............................................................. 32

FUENTES BIBLIOGRFICAS ................................................................................................................ 54
BIBLIOGRAFIA COMPLEMENTARIA.................................................................................................... 55

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INTRODUCCIN
1.1 COMPETENCIAS:
Comunicar sentimientos, pensamientos, conocimientos, experiencias, ideas,

reflexiones, opiniones, a travs de expresiones sencillas y de uso comn, en forma
productiva y receptiva en el idioma ingls de acuerdo al nivel A2, usuario bsico, del
Marco de Referencia Europeo para contribuir en el desempeo de sus funciones en
su entorno laboral, social y personal.
1.2 OBJETIVO DE APRENDIZAJE:

El alumno intercambiar informacin sobre experiencias vividas y su
frecuencia a partir del uso del Presente Perfecto y Pasado Simple; as como de la
comparacin de lugares, personas, objetos y situaciones para relacionarse con su
entorno social y laboral inmediato.

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UNIDAD I : COMPARATIVOS, SUPERLATIVOS
1.1. Comparativos de igualdad y superioridad

COMPARATIVE ADJETIVES
An adjective is a word or phrase that is used to describe a noun or pronoun.
A comparative adjective is used to make a comparison between to things. This
comparison may show equality or inequality between two things.
EQUAL COMPARISON
To show an equal comparison, you need to use an adjective between the
subordinating conjunctions as.
To show an equal comparison, use the form:
as + adjective + as
Examples:
Julia is as tall as the book shield
Rihanna is as famous as Beyonc
The giraffe is as tall as the tree
His father is as old as his mother
The runner moves as fast as the wind
PRACTICE #1: Now write your own sentences which show an equal comparison.
1)______________________________________________________________
2)______________________________________________________________
3)______________________________________________________________

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UNEQUAL COMPARISON
To show an unequal comparison, you need to use an adjective followed by the
subordinating conjunction than. You may have to double the final consonant letter
for some comparative adjectives.
To show an unequal comparison using an adjective with one syllable, you must add
er to the ending.
An adjective that ends in a consonant, vowel, consonant - the last consonant is
doubled.
Examples
big - bigger - My house is bigger than my mothers house.
hot - hotter - The summer is hotter than the winter.
To show an unequal comparison use the form: adjective + er+ than
Examples:
1. Yuri is smarter than Joe.
2. My brother is older than I am
3. Kerry is taller than you are
4. A baby is weaker than a child.
5. Hazel studies harder than Sammy
PRACTICE #2: Now complete the next exercises using the correct form of the
adjective.
1. A motorcycle runs fast
A car runs very fast________________________________________________
2. The math book is thick.
The dictionary is very thick__________________________________________

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3. The green hat is small

The yellow hat is very small_________________________________________
4. Julia is smart
Peter is very smart________________________________________________
5. Paul is young
Jan is very young_________________________________________________
To show an unequal comparison using an adjective with more than one syllable that
ends in y, you must omit the y and add ier to the ending.
Adjective + ier + than
Example: The plane is heavier than the bird.
PRACTICE #3: Fill in the spaces with the appropriate comparative adjective.
1.. Yuki was at school __________ (early) than I was.
2.. Rice is __________ (sticky) than salad.
3.. This exercise is __________ (tricky) than the last one.
4.. My little brother is __________ (silly) than I am.
5.. This picture is __________ (pretty) than the other one.
PRACTICE #4: Write two of you own sentences which show an unequal comparison
using an adjective with more than one syllable that ends in y.
1) __________________________________________________________________
2) __________________________________________________________________
To show an unequal comparison using an adjective with more than one syllable that
does not end in y, the ending of the adjective remains unchanged and you must use
more or less before the adjective.
More/less + adjective + than
Example: The butterfly is more beautiful than the spider.

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PRACTICE #5: Fill in the spaces with the appropriate comparative adjective.
1.. Her motorcycle is __________________ (dangerous) than my car.
2.. Gold is ___________________ (expensive) than silver.
3.. Butterflies are __________________ (beautiful) than snakes.
4.. The grey jacket is ___________________ (colorful) than the pink one.
5.. I am _____ ____________ (tired) now than I was this morning.
PRACTICE #6: Write two of you own sentences which show an unequal comparison
using an adjective with more than one syllable that does not end in y.
1) __________________________________________________________________
2) __________________________________________________________________
1.2. Superlativos
SUPERLATIVES
A superlative adjective expresses the extreme or highest degree of a quality.
We use a superlative adjective to describe the extreme quality of one thing in a group
of things. We can use superlative adjectives when talking about three or more things
(not two things).
In the example below, "biggest" is the superlative form of the adjective "big":
A is the biggest.
As with comparative adjectives, there are two ways to form a superlative adjective:
short adjectives: add "-est"
long adjectives: use "most"
We also usually add 'the' at the beginning.

SUPERLATIVES FORMATION
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Ex. John is 1m75. David is 1m80. Chris is 1m85. Chris is the tallest
Canada, China and Russia are big countries. But Russia is the biggest.
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
If we talk about the three planets Earth, Mars and Jupiter, we can use superlative
adjectives as shown in the table below:
NOTE: When we compare one thing with itself, we do not use "the":
England is coldest in winter. (not the coldest)
My boss is most generous when we get a big order. (not the most generous)

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IRREGULAR ADJETIVES
The regular way to make comparative/superlative adjectives is to add
-er/-est or to use more/most. A small number of adjectives, however, are irregular.
The most important ones are listed here:
PRACTICE #7: Listen to The True False Show. Check your answers. How much
money does Darren win? The recording is named COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
The True False Show
1.- Mosquitos are more dangerous than sharks.
2.- Brown eggs are healthier than white eggs.
3.- The Earth is hotter than Mars
4.- Coffee is more popular than tea in the UK
5.- Tigers are better swimmers than house cats.
6.- An adult is shorter in the morning than in the evening.

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7.- White cars are safer than yellow cars.

8.- The word yes is more common than the word no
PRACTICE #8: Read the article and complete each heading with a phrase.
The coldest
The highest
The hottest
_____________________________________ country in the world.

How do the people live in Mali, West Africa, where the temperature is often 50? John
Baxter, a journalist in Mali, says, People get up very early and they dont move very
much in the afternoon. Surprisingly, they wear a lot of clothes (usually cotton) as this
helps them not to get dehydrated. Houses are very hot and dont have airconditioning- the best place to sleep is on the roof.
___________________________________capital city in the world.
La Paz in Bolivia is 4,090 metres obove see level. It can be difficult to breathe
because there isnt much oxygen. Liz Tremlett, a travel agent who lives there, says
When people arrive at El Alto airport, we sometimes need to give them oxygen It is
also the worse place to be if you drink too much beer. The next day you feel terrible
because you get dehydrated. But La Paz is avery good place to play golf. At this
altitude, you hit a golf ball it goes farther than it does at lower altitudes!
__________________________________ places in the world.
Can you imagine living in a place which is four times colder than your freezer? This is
Yakutia in Siberia, where in the winter it is often 50 or lower. Valeria Usimenko a
housewife says, after a few minutes outside your nose fills with ice. Its snows a lot
and there is a lot of ice and snow on top of the houses. The most dangerous time is
the spring-when the ice falls, it can kill people? The winter is very boring because we
cant go out much. A lot of babies are born here in the fall!!

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PRACTICE #9: Write the comparative and superlative form of the adjetives below.

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PRACTICE #10: Complete the following sentences with the correct comparative form
of the words listed below.

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PRACTICE #11: Make your own comparisons using the words provided and the structure
as........as

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PRACTICE #12: Complete the following sentences with the correct superlative form
of the words below.

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PRACTICE #13: Write questions using the words provided and the superlative
form of the adjetives

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PRACTICE #14: Make comparison of the following. Use your own ideas. Write three
sentences for each set one using the comparative structure with tan, one using
asas, and one using the superlative.
Ex: watermelon/ grapefruit/ orange
A grapefruit is bigger than an orange
A grapefruit isnt as big as an orange
A watermelon is the biggest fruit of the three

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PRACTICE #15: Interview your classmate and complete the following chart. Then do
the exercises on the following pages. (If you have a large class break into two or
three smaller groups.) You may wish to write the questions on a separate piece of
paper befor you begin your survey.

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PRACTICE #16: Using the information from the survey on the previous page, make
as many sentences as you can about your classmates. Use the comparative form of
an adjetive and the structure than or as.as.
Ex. Mary arrived at school earlier than Jane
Johns feet are not as large as Bills
Andrea studied longer than I dis last night

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PRACTICE #17: Using the information from the survey, answer the following
questionsin complete sentences.

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UNIDAD 2: PRESENTE PERFECTO

2.1 Experiencias
2.1.1 Pasado participio de verbos regulares
The past tense and past participle of regular verbs end in -ed, for example:
work, worked, worked
Here you have a short list of some of them:
V1
Base Form
answer
ask
believe
call
carry
check
clean
close
cook
cry
finish
imagine
jump
like
listen
live
look
love
miss
move
need
play
pull
V2
Past Participle
answered
asked
believed
called
carried
checked
cleaned
closed
cooked
cried
finished
imagined
jumped
liked
listened
lived
looked
loved
missed
moved
needed
played
pulled

push
remember
smile
start
stop
study
talk
travel
use
visit
walk
want
wash
watch
work
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pushed
remembered
smiled
started
stopped
studied
talked
traveled
used
visited
walked
wanted
washed
watched
worked
2.1.2 Pasado participio de verbos irregulares

Irregular verbs are an important feature of English. We use irregular verbs a lot when
speaking, less when writing. Of course, the most famous English verb of all, the verb
"to be", is irregular.
With irregular verbs, there is no rule...

Sometimes the verb changes completely:
buy
bought
Sometimes there is "half" a change:
sing sang
sung
Sometimes there is no change:
cut
cut
cut
bought

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This is a list of some irregular verbs in English. Of course, there are many others, but
these are the more common irregular verbs.
V1
Base Form
V2
Past Simple
V3
Past Participle
awake
awoke
awoken
be
was, were
been
beat
beat
beaten
become
became
become
begin
began
begun
bend
bent
bent
bet
bet
bet
bid
bid
bid
bite
bit
bitten
blow
blew
blown
break
broke
broken
bring
brought
brought
broadcast
broadcast
broadcast
build
built
built
burn
burned/burnt
burned/burnt
buy
bought
bought
catch
caught
caught
choose
chose
chosen
come
came
come

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cost
cost
cost
cut
cut
cut
dig
dug
dug
do
did
done
draw
drew
drawn
dream
dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt
drive
drove
driven
drink
drank
drunk
eat
ate
eaten
fall
fell
fallen
feel
felt
felt
fight
fought
fought
find
found
found
fly
flew
flown
forget
forgot
forgotten
forgive
forgave
forgiven
freeze
froze
frozen
get
got
got (sometimes gotten)
give
gave
given
go
went
gone
grow
grew
grown
hang
hung
hung
have
had
had
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hear
heard
heard
hide
hid
hidden
hit
hit
hit
hold
held
held
hurt
hurt
hurt
keep
kept
kept
know
knew
known
lay
laid
laid
lead
led
led
learn
learned/learnt
learned/learnt
leave
left
left
lend
lent
lent
let
let
let
lie
lay
lain
lose
lost
lost
make
made
made
mean
meant
meant
meet
met
met
pay
paid
paid
put
put
put
read
read
read
ride
rode
ridden
ring
rang
rung
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rise
rose
risen
run
ran
run
say
said
said
see
saw
seen
sell
sold
sold
send
sent
sent
show
showed
showed/shown
shut
shut
shut
sing
sang
sung
sit
sat
sat
sleep
slept
slept
speak
spoke
spoken
spend
spent
spent
stand
stood
stood
swim
swam
swum
take
took
taken
teach
taught
taught
tear
tore
torn
tell
told
told
think
thought
thought
throw
threw
thrown
understand understood
understood
wake
woken
woke
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wear
wore
worn
win
won
won
write
wrote
written
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2.1.3 Estructura gramatical del presente perfecto

2.1.3.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa.
The present perfect simple expresses an action that is still going on or that
stopped recently, but has an influence on the present. It puts emphasis on the result.
This tense is formed with a present tense form of to have plus the past participle of
the verb (which can be either regular or irregular form):
Aliens have visited us

Subject + have / has + verb in past participle + complement
Aliens have not visited us

Subject + have / has + not + verb in past participle + complement
Have aliens visited us? Yes, they have / No, they havent
have / has + subject + verb in past participle + complement?
Why have aliens visited us? We still dont know
Wh + have / has + subject + verb in past participle + complement?

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The auxiliary verb have can be contracted in affirmative sentences with the
subject or the subject pronoun. (See table of contracted forms)
In negative sentences, the contraction is made with the auxiliary have/ has + not =
havent / hasnt
Contracted form
I have = Ive
You have = Youve
He has = Hes
She has = Shes
It has= Its
We have = Weve
They have = Theyve
Use of Present Perfect

puts emphasis on the result
Example: She has written five letters.
action that is still going on

Example: School has not started yet.
action that stopped recently

Example: She has cooked dinner.
finished action that has an influence on the present

Example: I have lost my key.

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action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of
speaking
Example: I have never been to Australia.
2.1.4 since, for

We use the FOR when talking about the length of time (duration), and when we
use it with the present perfect tense it means how long something lasts.
Period of time: for six years, for a week, for a month, for hours, for ten minutes, etc.
Examples:
Tom has been my friend for a very long time.
I have worked here for five years.
She has lived in this house for twenty years.
They have been married for six months.
When talking about a starting point, we use the present perfect tense with the
word since.
A point in time: since this morning, since last week, since yesterday, since I was 12,
since Friday, since 6 oclock, since Christmas, since my childhood.
Examples:
I have had lots of interesting experiences since I was at high school.
I have lived here since 1998.
Ricardo and Monica have been married since March.
We have been at this school since last year.

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2.2 Have you ever?

2.2.1 Adverbios de frecuencia: already, just, ever, always, yet,
never
Sometimes it is important to say that something happened (or didnt
happened), but its not important (or not known) when it happened. In this case, we
can use the present perfect tense.
Examples:
Ive already been to Acapulco (it doesnt matter when I went)
Have you ever been to Acapulco? (It doesnt matter when you went. I just want to
know if you have been there or not).
In this case, we often use the words already, just, always, yet, ever or never
along with the present perfect. These words usually go before the past participle in
the sentence.
Examples:
My mom has already cooked dinner.
I havent done my homework yet
Have you ever traveled to Spain?
They have never eaten spicy food
Ann has just finished her duties
I have always visited this place every year.
The word already can be placed before the main verb or at the end of the
sentence:
I have already heard the story five times.
Most people have left already.
Have you already called John?
Has John arrived already?

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The word yet is used in negative statements and questions when we are
expecting something to happen and goes at the end of the sentence:
Have you bought a car yet?
I havent met her yet.
Has the movie started yet?
The men havent arrived yet.
When translating the sentences in Spanish with the word ever, this one is not
translated, and when used in questions it means we are asking if the action occurred
anytime in the life or existence of the person.
Have you ever been to Canada?
Has she ever met someone famous?
Havent they ever been to Canada?
Ever is also used with the first time
Its the first time I have ever eaten Thai food.
This is the first time Ive ever been to Italy.

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2.3 Presente Perfecto vs Pasado Simple
2.3.1 Uso del pasado simple en relacin al presente perfecto.

We use the simple past tense to talk about actions that were or were not
completed at some point in the past. The action is over before mentioning it in the
simple present tense.
Alice walked to school yesterday.
Tom won the competition.
My brother didnt go to Chiapas last year.
Did you do your homework?
Where did you travel on your last vacation?
And as it was mentioned before, the present perfect simple expresses an

action that is still going on or that stopped recently, but has an influence on the
present. It puts emphasis on the result.
2.3.2 Funcin de used to

2.3.2.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa.
The expression used to is commonly used when talking about past habits. It
means something was true in the past, but it is not true anymore. For example:
I used to live in Veracruz, but I dont anymore. Now I live in Mexico City.
Tom used to ride a bicycle to school, but he doesnt anymore. Now he drives
a car.
We used to be married, but we arent anymore. We are divorced.

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Do not use it for actions or states that happened only once. The adverbs of
frequency and other time expressions with used to emphasize the repeated actions
or states. For example:
They often used to go to the movies with us.
My math teacher used to be unfriendly. She never smiled.
People didnt use to have cell phones in the early 80s.
In the following charts you can see how to structure this form:
Affirmative statements
Subject
I
You
He
She
It
We
They
Used to
Base form of the verb
used to
eat
Complement
sandwiches for lunch at school.
Negative statements
Subject
I
You
He
She
It
We
They
did + not
Use to
did not /
didnt
use to
Base form of the verb
play
Complement
with baseball at school.

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Interrogative statements
Whwords
Why
did
did
Subject
I
You
He
She
It
We
They
Use to
Base form of the

verb
use to
work
Complement
in this company?
In the interrogative forms we can also make yes/no questions, that is by

omitting the wh- word. For example:
A: Did you use to go out with my sister?
B: Yes, I did / No, I didnt
A: Did they use to own this company?

B: Yes, they did / No, they didnt
A: Didnt we use to go to the same school?

B: Yes, we did / No, we didnt

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Unidad II :
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Presente Perfecto
Exercises
Practice # 1: Fill in the chart with the missing forms of the verbs
Past
Base Form Participle
bring
jumped
studied
built
be
burn
worked
buy
carry
catch
begin
choose
cry
come
bet
cost
finished
cut
listen
lived
blow
do
break
draw

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dream
grown
drive
stop
drink
have
eat
use
needed
hidden
feel
hit
fought
travel
find
hurt
fly
keep
forgotten
know
forgive
get
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washed
frozen
work
sometimes
gotten)
learn
leave
give
visit
lent
let
smiled
go

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lie
lain
show
showed/shown
lose
lost
shut
played
make
made
sing
sung
start
meant
sit
sat
meet
met
sleep
slept
pay
paid
speak
spoken
put
put
spend
spent
read
read
stand
stood
ride
ridden
swim
swum
ring
rung
take
taken
rise
moved
teach
taught
run
run
tear
loved
say
said
tell
told
see
seen
think
thought
sell
sold
throw
thrown
send
sent
understand
understood

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wake
liked
win
won
wear
worn
write
written
Practice # 2: Fill the gaps with have or has. After it, write its translation below.
1. I ______________ answered the question.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________
2. She ___________ opened the window.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________
3. They __________ called us.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________
4. You ___________ carried a box.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________
5. It ___________ rained a lot.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________
6. We _________ washed the car.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________
7. He _________ closed the door.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________
8. Jenny ___________ locked the door.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________
9. The girls _________ visited the museum.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________
10. Tom and Sophie _________ helped in the garden.
Spanish: ___________________________________________________

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Practice # 3: The following people have just completed an action. Write positive sentences
in present perfect simple.
1. Bob / visit / his grandma
___________________________________________________________________
2. Jimmy / play/ on the computer
___________________________________________________________________
3. Sue and Walter / wash / their car
___________________________________________________________________
4. Andrew / repair / his bike
___________________________________________________________________
5. Phil / help / Anne with maths
___________________________________________________________________
6. Brad and Louise / watch / a film
___________________________________________________________________
7. You / draw / a picture
___________________________________________________________________
8. Carol / read / a computer magazine
___________________________________________________________________
9. Tom and Alice / be / to a restaurant
___________________________________________________________________
10. I / eat / fish
___________________________________________________________________

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PRACTICE # 4: Write negative sentences in present perfect simple according to the

following situation: the weather was wonderful today, so the children were in the park all
afternoon.
1. Sarah / not / wash the dishes
___________________________________________________________________
2. Anita / not / clean the kitchen
___________________________________________________________________
3. Maureen and Gavin / not / water the plants
___________________________________________________________________
4. Joey / not / make his bed
___________________________________________________________________
5. David / not / buy milk
___________________________________________________________________
6. Lisa / not / be to the bakers
___________________________________________________________________
7. Aran and Jack / not / do their homework
___________________________________________________________________
8. David / not / drink his milk
___________________________________________________________________
9. Alex / not / feed the hamster
___________________________________________________________________
10. Hazel / not / empty the bin
___________________________________________________________________

PRACTICE # 5: Write
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questions in present perfect simple
1. you / answer / the question

________________________________________________________________
2. Jenny / lock / the door
________________________________________________________________
3. Walter / call / us
________________________________________________________________
4. you / see / the picture
________________________________________________________________
5. your parents / get / the letter
________________________________________________________________
6. it / rain / a lot
________________________________________________________________
7. how often / we / sing / the song
________________________________________________________________
8. Maureen/ watch / the film
________________________________________________________________
9. how many books / Bob / read
________________________________________________________________
10. ever / you / be / to London
________________________________________________________________

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PRACTICE # 6: Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.
1. I have been in the garden
___________________________________________________________________
2. My sister has cooked dinner
___________________________________________________________________
3. Sue has read the book twice
___________________________________________________________________
4. My computer has crashed
___________________________________________________________________
5. Jeane has been on holiday for eight days
___________________________________________________________________
6. Fred has done his homework
___________________________________________________________________
7. Gavin has stopped at the corner
___________________________________________________________________
8. Sara has bought five books
___________________________________________________________________
9. Jason has talked to his teacher
___________________________________________________________________
10. Catherine has cleaned the house because she is having a party tonight.
___________________________________________________________________

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PRACTICE # 7: Choose the grammatically correct sentence.

1A. Has he given you his phone number?
1B. Has given he you his phone number?
2A. I hasnt finished the book yet.

2B. I havent finished the book yet.
3A. Ive never seen this movie before.

3B. Ive never saw this movie before.
4A. Have you lose you notebook?

4B. Have you lost your notebook?
5A. I been to this city three times before.

5B. Ive been to this city three times before.
6A. Ive ever read anything so boring.

6B. Ive never read anything so boring.
7A. Have you meet his cousin?

7B. Have you met his cousin?
8A. Ive written a lot of emails.

8B. Ive wrote a lot of emails.
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PRACTICE # 8: Choose a verb to complete these sentences in the present perfect simple
form.
hear
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
take
win
be
lose
This is the first time I__________ part in a photography competition.

Do you know who __________ todays tennis match?
You__________ your keys at least five times since Ive known you!
I think we__________ to the cinema three times so far this year.
I__________ this song lots of times before, but Im not sure who the singer is.
PRACTICE # 9: Choose the better verb form, past simple or present perfect to complete
these sentences.
6. I wrote / Ive written five emails so far this morning and its only eleven oclock.
7. In the last few months I didnt watch / havent watched much television.
8. Last year Sam took part / has taken part in three races.
9. I found / Ive found three mistakes in this essay so far and Im only on the first page.
10. Did you hear that the Russian athlete broke / has broken the world record last month?
PRACTICE # 10: Write five things that you have already done in your life.
Example: I have already driven a car
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________

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PRACTICE # 11: Write five things that you havent done yet, but may don in the future.
Example: I havent touched a dolphin yet.
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
PRACTICE # 12: Write five things that you have never done, and probably wont do in the
immediate future.
Example: I have never jumped with a parachute from a plane.
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
PRACTICE # 13: Answer the following questions and give a reason for each short answer.
Example: Have you ever eaten unusual food? Yes, I have. I like to try new flavors.
1. Have you ever ridden a horse?
___________________________________________________________________
2. Have you ever seen a famous person?
___________________________________________________________________
3. Have you ever played the piano?
___________________________________________________________________
4. Have you ever gone abroad?
___________________________________________________________________
5. Have you ever played golf?
___________________________________________________________________

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PRACTICE # 14: Fill in with since or for.

1. _________ Easter.
2. _________ last summer.
3. _________ April 1st.
4. _________ ten years.
5. _________ 1919.
6. _________ as long as I remember.
7. _________ my childhood.
8. _________ a few minutes.
9. _________ I was young.
10. _________ two weeks.
11. _________ my birthday.
12. _________ five days.
PRACTICE # 15: Listen and complete the question, then check YES or NO to
answer each question. Listen to the recording named Present Perfect
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Has the woman _________ to Egypt twice before? YES

NO
Has she _________ pictures of the Great Pyramids? YES
NO
_______ the man been to Tokyo and Osaka? YES
NO
Has he ________ sightseeing in Kyoto yet? YES
NO
Has the woman _________ Ceviche? YES
NO
_______ the man climbed the pyramid of the Sun yet? YES
NO
Has the woman _________ to Beijing before? YES
NO
______ she taken the tour of the forbidden city yet? YES
NO
PRACTICE # 16: Put these sentences into the correct order.

1. an place Ive been never interesting such to
___________________________________________________________________
2. ever the Ive read book Its best
___________________________________________________________________
3. life my so angry Ive felt in never
__________________________________________________________________
4. beautiful met woman ever Have you a more ?

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__________________________________________________________________
5. at stayed ever Ive Its hotel the worst
__________________________________________________________________
PRACTICE # 16: Complete the sentences about the Grand Canyon. Use simple past or
present perfect.
The Grand Canyon is one of the most spectacular natural features on earth. It is
listed as one of the Seven Natural Wonders and became a United States national park in
1919. The park covers an area of nearly 5,000 km.
Carved by the Colorado River, the Grand Canyon slices deep into the Colorado
Plateau and forms one of the most scenic landscapes in the world. Up to 1963, when the
Glen Canyon Dam was built, the Colorado river moved 143 million tons of stones each
year.
1. My friends (visit) __________________ the Grand Canyon National Park last year.
2. I (be / never) _____________________ to the Grand Canyon National Park.
3. But I (see) _______________________ lots of wonderful pictures.
4. And yesterday I (buy) ______________________ a book about the Grand Canyon.
5. I (read) __________________________ 30 pages already. It's really interesting.
PRACTICE # 17: Using the words in parentheses choose the best tense to complete the
sentences: simple past or present perfect.
1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars?"
B: I don't know. I (see, never) __________________________ that movie.
2. Sam (arrive) __________________ in San Diego a week ago.
3. My best friend and I (know) _________________________ each other for over fifteen
years. We still get together once a week.

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4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) ________________________ ten very creative

short stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as famous as Hemingway.
5. I (have, not) __________________ this much fun since I (be) ________________ a kid.
6. Things (change) ______________________ a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first

(start) ____________________ working here three years ago, the company (have, only)
__________________ six employees. Since then, we (expand) ________________ to
include more than 2000 full-time workers.
7. I (tell) _____________________ him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he
(wander) ____________________ off into the forest and (be) ______________ bitten by a
snake.
8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) ___________________ the bus this morning.
You (be) ____________________ late to work too many times. You are fired!
9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never)
____________________ the ocean. He should come with us to Miami.
10. How sad! George (dream) _____________________ of going to California before he

died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never) _______________________ the ocean.
11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) ________________________ much

easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it (take)___________________ two or
three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be) _______________
very rough and often dangerous. Things (change) _____________________ a great deal
in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New York to Los Angeles in a
matter of hours.

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12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change) _____________________ since the last
time I (see) _________________ you. You (grow) __________________ at least a foot!
13. This tree (be) __________________ planted by the settlers who (found)
______________ our city over four hundred years ago.
14. This mountain (be, never) ______________________ climbed by anyone. Several

mountaineers (try) ___________________ to reach the top, but nobody (succeed, ever)
__________________. The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die)
_________________ trying to reach the summit.
15. I (visit, never) ____________________ Africa, but I (travel) ________________ to

South America several times. The last time I (go) _______________ to South America, I
(visit) _________________ Brazil and Peru. I (spend) __________________ two weeks in
the Amazon, (hike) ___________________
for a week near Machu Picchu, and (fly)
____________________ over the Nazca Lines.
PRACTICE # 18: Read this text about the old colonel. Then use the answer prompts to
write questions using either the present perfect or the past simple.
I think I have had a very interesting life. I'm 73 now and I don't work anymore. I was
in the army for 51 years. I retired when I was 69. I have been to so many countries that I
can't remember all of them. I've been to Australia six or seven times and to South Africa
three times. I have also been once to Russia but I didn't like it at all: much too cold for me!
They say that love is the greatest thing and I agree. I've been married four times but
never for more than five years. I don't think women really understand me!

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I've never been on television, but I've been on the radio once. It was a programme about
life in the military about twenty years ago. I met the Prime Minister on the same day.
Actually, I've met a lot of famous people: members of the royal family, famous politicians
and also famous cinema and television personalities. I've never met the American
President though which is a pity.
Because I've travelled a lot, I've seen a lot of wonderful things and have also eaten
and drank some strange foods and drinks. I ate cat and rat in India and drank something
called Mirto on a little island in Italy many years ago.
1. What job ______________________________ before retiring?

He worked in the army.
2. __________________________ he in the army?
For 51 years.
3. How many ___________________ been to Australia?
Six or seven times.
4. ___________________ like Russia?
No, it was too cold.
5. __________________ married so many times?
Because women don't understand him.
6. Has he ever __________________________ ?
Yes, he has. But never on TV.
7. When ____________________ the prime minister?
When he was on the radio.
8. Has ________________________ American president?
No, he hasn't but he wants to.
9. Where __________________ cat and rat?

In India.

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10. ______________________ drunk Mirto?

Yes, he has. In Italy.
PRACTICE # 19: Make an affirmative sentence, negative sentence or question using used
to + infinitive.
1) I / live in a flat when I was a child.

________________________________________________________________________
2) We / go to the beach every summer?
________________________________________________________________________
3) She / love eating chocolate, but now she hates it
________________________________________________________________________
4) He / not / smoke
________________________________________________________________________
5) I / play tennis when I was at school
________________________________________________________________________
6) She / be able to speak French, but she has forgotten it all
________________________________________________________________________
7) He / play golf every weekend?
________________________________________________________________________
8) They both / have short hair
________________________________________________________________________
9) Julie / study Portuguese
________________________________________________________________________
10) I / not / hate school

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PRACTICE # 20: Read and answer what Molly Hornby used to do when she was young.
Are the sentences RIGHT or WRONG?
Molly Hornby was a young girl in the 1960s. Read what she says about it.
I was a young girl in the 1960s. My friends and I used to do a lot of things which shocked
our parents. We used to do things our mothers never did. We cut our hair, we wore short
skirts, we smoked, and went dancing. We danced to the music of Elvis Presley and the
Beatles. We also got the chance to see the Beatles live at a concert once. It was amazing.
My father went fishing once a week. He always wished that I would accompany him, but
fishing was not my cup of tea. Instead my friends and I went for picnics in the surrounding
area quite often. My boyfriend had a car, a 1960 Ford Falcon, so he always picked us up
and we often drove to Brighton. We went to the movies twice a week and I loved to watch
films with Marlon Brando and Elizabeth Taylor , especially the Reflections in a Golden Eye
starring both of them. I still love to watch this film. Its my favorite. I can remember it all so
clearly.
Molly Hornby
used to do a lot of things which shocked her parents. _________________
used to wear long dresses. _________________
used to drink alcohol. _________________
used to sing Elvis Presley songs. _________________
used to drink a lot of tea. _________________
used to go fishing with her father. _________________
used to go for picnics in the surrounding area quite often. _________________
used to drive to Brighton with her friends and boyfriend. _________________

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used to go to the movies twice a week. _________________

used to watch films with Marlon Brando and Elizabeth Taylor. _________________
PRACTICE # 21: Write at least five things you used to do in your childhood. Then work
with a partner and talk about your answers. Write your partners answers in the space
below.
Your answers:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Your partners answers:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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FUENTES BIBLIOGRFICAS
Autor
Ao
Bety S. Azar
Ttulo del Documento
Ciudad
Pas
Basic English Grammar
Editorial
Longman
Joan Saslow y
Allen Asher
(2011)
Top Notch 2
New York
U.S.
Pearson
Longman
Mickey Rogers,
Joanne TayloreKnowles, Steve
TayloreKnowles
(2010)
Open Mind 1
Bangkok
Thailand
Macmillan
PGINAS WEB
http://www.englishpage.com/
http://www.learnenglish.de/
http://www.myenglishpages.com/
http://www.aprende-gratis.com/ingles/
http://www.esl-lounge.com/
http://www.english-the-easy-way.com
http://www.eflnet.com

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BIBLIOGRAFIA COMPLEMENTARIA
Autor
Ao
Ttulo del Documento
Ciudad
Pas
Editorial
Brewster, S.,
Davis, P. &
Rogers, M.
(2006)
Sky High 2
Bangkok
Thailand
Macmillan
Fuscoe, K.,
Garcide, B. &
Prodromou,
Luke
(2006)
Attitude 2
D.F.
Mxico
Macmillan
Richards, Jack
C.; Hull,
Jonathan &
Proctor,
Susan.
(2006)
Interchange 2 3rd.
Edition
New York
USA
Cambridge
Maggs, P.,
Smith, C.,
Kay, S., Jones
V.
(2008)
New American Inside

Out Elementary
Bangkok
Thailand
Macmillan
Stempleski,
Susan
(2005)
World Link 2
Boston
USA
Thomson-Heinle
AdelsonGoldstein, J.
&
Wisniewska,
I.
(2006)
Step Forward 2
Hong Kong
China
Oxford University
Press
(2007)
Diccionario espaolingls.
Selangor
Malasia
Macmillan de
Mxico
(2003)
Dictionary of
Contemporary English.
The Living Dictionary.
Miln
Italia
Longman

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UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLGICA DE TEHUACN

TSU MECATRNICA MODALIDAD MIXTA

Plan de estudios: 2009

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OBJETIVO DE APRENDIZAJE: ................................................................................................ 3

UNIDAD I : COMPARATIVOS, SUPERLATIVOS ................................................................................... 4

2.1.1 Pasado participio de verbos regulares ........................................................................... 21

2.1.3.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa. .............................................................. 27

2.3.1 Uso del pasado simple en relacin al presente perfecto. ........................................... 32

2.3.2.1 Formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa. .............................................................. 32

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Comunicar sentimientos, pensamientos, conocimientos, experiencias, ideas,

1.2 OBJETIVO DE APRENDIZAJE:

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UNIDAD I : COMPARATIVOS, SUPERLATIVOS

1.1. Comparativos de igualdad y superioridad

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3. The green hat is small

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7.- White cars are safer than yellow cars.

_____________________________________ country in the world.

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UNIDAD 2: PRESENTE PERFECTO

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2.1.2 Pasado participio de verbos irregulares

With irregular verbs, there is no rule...

Sometimes there is "half" a change:

Sometimes there is no change:

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got (sometimes gotten)

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2.1.3 Estructura gramatical del presente perfecto

Aliens have visited us

Aliens have not visited us

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Use of Present Perfect

action that is still going on

action that stopped recently

finished action that has an influence on the present

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2.1.4 since, for

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2.2 Have you ever?

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2.3 Presente Perfecto vs Pasado Simple

2.3.1 Uso del pasado simple en relacin al presente perfecto.

15. I (visit, never) ____ Africa, but I (travel) to