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PLVPDVFRQGLFLRQHVGHSUHVLyQ\WHPSHUDWXUD"
E4XpWHQGUiPiVPDVDXQPROGHKLGUyJHQRRXQPROGHR[tJHQR"
F'yQGHKDEUiPiVPROpFXODVHQXQPROGHKLGUyJHQRRHQXQPROGHR[tJHQR"

Solucin

D'HVSHMDQGRHOYROXPHQGHODHFXDFLyQGHORVJDVHVSHUIHFWRV

Q57
S
(OYROXPHQGHKLGUyJHQR\GHR[tJHQRDOVHUQXQPROHQDPERVFDVRV\VHUS
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PRO+PROpFXODV+J
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3RUWDQWRODPDVDGHXQPROGHR[tJHQRHVVXSHULRUDODPDVDGHXQPROGH
KLGUyJHQR

F&RPRVHKDYLVWRHQHODSDUWDGRDQWHULRUHQDPERVKD\HOPLVPRQ~PHURGH
PROpFXODV



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F(OQ~PHURGHiWRPRVGHKLGUyJHQR


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Solucin

D$SOLFDQGRHOFRQFHSWRGHYROXPHQPRODU\FRPRP /FDOFXODPRVHO
Q~PHURGHPROHVGHPHWDQRGHODVLJXLHQWHHFXDFLyQ


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Datos.Masas atmicas: C = 12; O = 16.

Solucin
D &RPR HQ XQ PRO GH GLy[LGR GH FDUERQR KD\ HO Q~PHUR GH $YRJDGUR GH
PROpFXODVGHGLy[LGRGHFDUERQRHQPROHVKDEUi

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Datos.Masas atmicas: N = 14; O = 16; S = 32.

Solucin
&DOFXODPRVHOQ~PHURGHiWRPRVHQFDGDDSDUWDGR

D$SOLFDQGRHOFRQFHSWRGHPRO\FRPRHQFDGDPROpFXODGHGLy[LGRGHD]XIUH
KD\WUHViWRPRVXQRGHD]XIUH\GRVGHR[tJHQR

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Solucin
D )DOVD SRUTXH ODV PDVDV TXH FRQWLHQHQ HO PLVPR Q~PHUR GH iWRPRV GH
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XQDPDVDGHOHOHPHQWR%LJXDOD0P%\VLHPSUHDOVHUGRVHOHPHQWRVGLVWLQWRV
0P$HVGLIHUHQWHGH0P%

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GLFKRHOHPHQWRHVGHFLUGHXQPROGHiWRPRV

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F&XiQWDVPROpFXODVKD\HQXQDPXHVWUDTXHFRQWLHQHJGHWHWUDFORUXURGH
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Datos.Masas atmicas: C = 12; Na = 23; Al = 27; Cl = 355.
Solucin
D$SOLFDPRVHOFRQFHSWRGHPRO

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Solucin
D9HUGDGHUDSRUTXHHOLRQPRQRYDOHQWHSRVLWLYRWLHQHXQHOHFWUyQPHQRVTXH
HOiWRPRFRUUHVSRQGLHQWH\SRUWDQWRVXPDVDVHUiPHQRUHQ.JTXH
HV OD PDVD DWULEXLGD DO HOHFWUyQ $KRUD ELHQ GDGR TXH ODV PDVDV DWULEXLGDV DO
SURWyQ \ DO QHXWUyQ VRQ GHO RUGHQ GH  YHFHV VXSHULRUHV D OD PDVD GHO
HOHFWUyQODPDVDGHXQLyQPRQRYDOHQWHSRVLWLYRHVDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHODPLVPD
TXHODGHOiWRPRFRUUHVSRQGLHQWH

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QR YDUtD HQ HO LyQ PRQRYDOHQWH SRVLWLYR TXH VH GLIHUHQFLD GHO iWRPR
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHHQTXHKDSHUGLGRXQHOHFWUyQ

F(QXQPROGHiWRPRVGHFXDOTXLHUHOHPHQWRKD\iWRPRV&RPROD
PDVD PRODU GHORV HOHPHQWRV HVWi FRPSUHQGLGD HQWUH  \ PHQRV GH HQ XQ
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F&XiQWRViWRPRVGHKLGUyJHQR\R[tJHQRKD\HQHOYDVR
Datos.Masas atmicas: H = 1; O = 16.

Solucin

D+D\TXHFRQVLGHUDUTXHDOVHUODGHQVLGDGGHODJXDJP/HOYDVRFRQWLHQH
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E(QJ1+KD\PROpFXODV
F(QJGH2KD\iWRPRVGHR[tJHQR
Datos.Masas atmicas: H = 1; N = 14; O = 16.
Solucin
D'HDFXHUGRFRQODKLSyWHVLVGH$YRJDGURXQPROGHDPRQtDFRHQFRQGLFLRQHV
QRUPDOHV RFXSD  / 3RU WDQWR OD DILUPDFLyQ HV FRUUHFWD \D TXH 0P 1+ 
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GHSUHVLyQ\WHPSHUDWXUDKD\
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Solucin
D'HVSHMDQGRHOQ~PHURGHPROHVGHODHFXDFLyQGHORVJDVHVSHUIHFWRV
S9
Q=
57

,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD



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S/
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Q+ =
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;
57
57
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correcta.

b) Como la 0P+HVGLVWLQWDGHla 0P2
QJUDPRV+ QPROHVGH+[0P+
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QRUPDOHVGHSUHVLyQ\WHPSHUDWXUD
Datos.Masas atmicas: H = 1; O = 16.

Solucin

D$SOLFDQGRHOFRQFHSWRGHPRO\FRPR0P+2 J

PRO+2PROpFXODV+2J
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Datos.Masas atmicas: C = 12; O = 16

Solucin
D (O Q~PHUR GH PROHV GH GLy[LGR GH FDUERQR FRQWHQLGR HQ  J GH HVWD
VXVWDQFLDFRPR0P&2 JVHUi
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QiWRPRV [iW iWRPRV

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F(QXQJUDPRGHKLGUyJHQRKD\iWRPRV

Solucin

D)DOVDSRUTXHHQXQPROGHKHOLRKD\iWRPRVGHKHOLRPLHQWUDV
TXHHQXQPROGH+KD\PROpFXODVGH+\FRPRHQFDGDPROpFXOD
GH+KD\GRViWRPRVKDEUi[iWRPRVGH+

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HV&+123DUDPJGHHVWULFQLQDFDOFXOH
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F(OQ~PHURGHiWRPRVGHQLWUyJHQR
Datos.Masas atmicas: C = 12; H = 1; N = 14; O = 16.

Solucin



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Datos0DVDVDWyPLFDV: H = 1; C = 12.

Solucin
D&RPR0P&+ JHOQ~PHURGHPROHVGHPHWDQRHQJVHUi

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HV GH  JP/ FXiQWRV iWRPRV GH KLGUyJHQR LQFRUSRUD D VX FXHUSR SRU HVWH
SURFHGLPLHQWR"
Datos.0DVDVDWyPLFDV: H = 1; O = 16.

Solucin
D$SOLFDQGRHOFRQFHSWRGHYROXPHQPRODUFDOFXODPRVORVPROHVGH2TXHKD\
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$SOLFDQGRHOFRQFHSWRGHPRO\FRPRHQFDGDPROpFXODGHDJXDKD\GRViWRPRV
GHKLGUyJHQR\0P+2 JORViWRPRVGHHVWHHOHPHQWRTXHLQFRUSRUDOD
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FORUXURGHKLGUyJHQR\DPRQtDFR6LVHOLEHUDQJGHDPRQtDFRFDOFXOH

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Datos. Masas atmicas: H = 1; N = 14; Cl = 355


Solucin

D /DUHDFFLyQHV1+&O+&O1+
3XHVWR TXH OD PDVD PROHFXODU GHO DPRQtDFR 1+ HV LJXDO D
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PROHFXODU GHO +&O HV LJXDO D      J  PRO  /D PDVD GH +&O
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PROHVWRWDOHV3RUWDQWR
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FRQWHQLGDHQXQUHFLSLHQWHD&\DDWPGHSUHVLyQ&DOFXOH

D (OYROXPHQTXHRFXSDODPH]FOD
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Datos.R = 0082 atm L K-1 mol-1. Masas atmicas: O = 16; S = 32.


Solucin

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Datos.R = 0082 atm L K-1 mol-1. Masas atmicas: H = 1; He = 4.

Solucin

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3UREOHPD

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Datos.R = 0082 atm L K-1 mol-1.

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Datos.R = 0082 atm L K-1 mol-1. Masas atmicas: C = 12; O = 16.

Solucin

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Solucin

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