Tesis Nelida Perez

APORTACIN DE LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL,
PERSONALIDAD E INTELIGENCIA GENERAL AL

RENDIMIENTO ACADMICO EN ESTUDIANTES
DE ENSEANZA SUPERIOR
Nlida Prez Prez
UNIVERSIDAD DE ALICANTE
Departamento de Psicologa Evolutiva y Didctica
APORTACIN DE LA
INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL, PERSONALIDAD E
INTELIGENCIA GENERAL AL RENDIMIENTO
ACADMICO EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENSEANZA
SUPERIOR.
TESIS DOCTORAL
Nlida Prez Prez
Alicante, Junio 2013
Tesis Doctoral:
Aportacin de la Inteligencia Emocional, Personalidad e
Inteligencia General al Rendimiento Acadmico en estudiantes de
Enseanza Superior.
Dirigida por:
D. Juan Luis Castejn Costa
Catedrtico del Departamento de Psicologa Evolutiva y
Didctica
Da. Raquel Gilar Corb
Profesora titular del Departamento de Psicologa Evolutiva y
Didctica
Alicante, 12 de Junio de 2013
AGRADECIMIENTOS:
Me gustara dedicar este trabajo a las personas que dan sentido a mi vida, mis padres
Jose Luis y Paqui, y mis hermanos Jose y Elzabeth, por estar siempre ah. Y a Alfred,
la persona con quien comparto mi vida y amo, por su apoyo y confianza.
Mi agradecimiento a todos los que en estos aos me han motivado, apoyado, escuchado
y animado a investigar, aprender, leer y conocer la Inteligencia Emocional. Entre ellos
a grandes profesionales y amigos como Natalio Extremera Fernndez, Pablo
Fernndez Berrocal, Desire Ruiz Aranda y su excepcional equipo de investigadores y
grandes personas. Y a todos aquellos con quienes he compartido la ilusin y el trabajo
por las emociones.
Y sobre todo a las personas de mi Departamento de las que he recibido una gran
apoyo, entre ellos Raquel Gilar y Juan Luis Castejn, a quienes les agradezco su
paciencia, tiempo y confianza.
NDICE
Captulo 1. SOBRE EL CONCEPTO DE INTELIGENCIA
1.1. INTRODUCCIN...... 15
1.1.1. La teora del factor g......... 20
1.1.2. La teora de las Inteligencias Mltiples.... 24

1.1.3. La teora Trirquica...... 30
1.1.4. Inteligencia ligada al contexto. El papel de conocimiento en la Adquisicin del
Aprendizaje Complejo.... 38
1.2.OTROS TIPOS DE INTELIGENCIA: LA INTELIGENCIA SOCIAL... 46
1.2.1. Personalidad e Inteligencia Social.... 48
1.3. CONCLUSIONES.. 49
Capitulo 2. LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL
2.1. INTRODUCCIN.. 51
2.2. LAS EMOCIONES. 57
2.2.1. Antecedentes..... 58
2.2.2. Qu es una emocin?...........................................................................................61
2.2.2.1. Teora sobre la Emocin.... 61
2.2.2.2. Definiciones actuales del trmino emocin... 64
2.3. FUNCIN DE LAS EMOCIONES... 69
2.4. TIPOS DE EMOCIONES... 71
2.4.1. Reflexiones previas... 71
2.4.2. Clasificacin y caractersticas de las emociones.. 72
2.4.2.1. Caractersticas de las emociones... 72

2.4.2.2. Polaridad de las emociones ... 74
2.4.2.3. Aspectos a considerar para la clasificacin de las emociones... 74
2.4.2.4. Clasificacin de las de emociones..... 75
2.4.2.5. Los sentimientos 77
2.5. LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL COMO CONSTRUCTO.. 84
2.5.1. Origen del concepto inteligencia emocional.... 84
2.5.1.1. Antecedentes. 84
2.5.1.2. Uniendo la Inteligencia y las emociones... 96
2.5.2. Modelos tericos de la inteligencia emocional....... 100
2.5.2.1. Modelo cognitivo..... 102
2.5.2.1.1. Modelo de Mayer y Salovey..... 102
2.5.2.2. Modelo de la inteligencia emocional como rasgo de personalidad, modelos
mixtos... 109
2.5.2.2.1. Modelo de Goleman..... 109
2.5.2.2.2. Modelo de Bar-On 117
2.5.2.2.3. Modelo de Cooper y Sawaf.. 124
2.6. ELEMENTOS COMUNES DE LOS DISTINTOS MODELOS. 126
Captulo 3. LA EVALUACIN DE LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL
3.1. INTRODUCCIN. 131

3.2. MEDIDAS DE EVALUACIN DE ASPECTOS RELACIONADOS CON LA
INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL. 136
3.3. MEDIDAS DE EVALUACIN DE LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL 138
3.3.1. Medidas de inteligencia emocional basadas en escalas y auto-informes... 139
3.3.1.1. Desde el modelo cognitivo.. 141

3.3.1.1.1. Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-48).. 141
3.3.1.1.2. Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24 (TMMS-24) 144
3.3.1.1.3. Schutte Self Report Inventory (SSRI)........................................................ 145
3.3.1.2. Desde el modelo mixto o inteligencia emocional como rasgo de
personalidad...149
3.3.1.2.1. Emotional Competente Inventory. ECI.... 149
3.3.1.2.2. Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i; Bar-On, 1997)..................... 151
3.3.1.2.3. Tei-que. Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire... 153
3.3.2. Medidas de evaluacin de la inteligencia emocional por medio de observadores
externos..... 156
3.3.2.1. Desde los modelos mixtos... 157
3.3.2.1.1. EQ-360. 157
3.3.2.2.2. ECI. (Boyatzis y Burckle, 1999; Boyatzis, Goleman y Rhee, 2000)... 158
3.3.3. Medidas de habilidad o de ejecucin de Inteligencia Emocional compuesta por
diversas tareas emocionales a resolver. 159
3.3.3.1. Desde el modelo cognitivo.. 159
3.3.3.1.1. Multifactor emotional intelligence scale. MEIS... 160
3.3.3.1.2. MSCEIT. Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Inteligence Test.................... 162
3.3.3.1.3. ACES. Assessment of childrens emotional skills. (Tentacosta e Izard,
2007)............................................................................................................................. 165
3.4. CONCLUSIONES... 166
Captulo 4. LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL Y LA EDUCACIN
4.1. INTRODUCCIN. 170

4.2.
LA
INTELIGENCIA
EMOCIONAL
LA
EDUCACIN
SUPERIOR..... 179
4.3. REAS QUE CONTRIBUYEN EN LA COMPRENSIN DEL DESARROLLO
SOCIO-EMOCIONAL.... 208
4.3.1. La Inteligencia Social. 208
4.3.2. Las Competencias Sociales 210
4.3.3. Modelo Socio-emocional en la Educacin Superior.. 212
Captulo 5. RENDIMIENTO ACADMICO EN LA EDUCACIN SUPERIOR Y

SU
RELACIN
CON
LA
INTELIGENCIA
GENERAL
(C.I.),
LA
PERSONALIDAD Y LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL.
5.1. CONCEPTO DE RENDIMIENTO ACADMICO.. 225

5.1.1. Factores que intervienen en el rendimiento acadmico.. 240
5.2.PERSONALIDAD Y RENDIMIENTO ACADMICO.... 246
5.2.1. La Personalidad.... 246
5.2.2. Medidas de evaluacin de los cinco factores.... 265
5.2.3. Estudios sobre la relacin entre la Personalidad y el Rendimiento
Acadmico.... 266
5.3. RENDIMIENTO ACADEMICO E INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL. 275
5.4. HABILIDAD INTELECTUAL Y RENDIMIENTO ACADMCO... 282
Captulo 6. ESTUDIO EMPRICO
6.1. INTRODUCCIN..... 285

6.2. OBJETIVOS GENERALES E HIPTESIS. 286
6.2.1. Objetivos..... 286
6.2.2. Hiptesis..... 287
6.3. MTODO.. 288
6.3.1. Participantes.... 288
6.3.2. Instrumentos... 291
6.3.2.1. Prueba de evaluacin de la inteligencia psicomtrica tradicional: test de factor g
Escala 3 de Cattell.... 291
6.3.2.2. Inventario SSRI de Schutte et al (1998). Adaptado por Eliseo Chico
(1999).... 293
6.3.2.3. La medida del Cociente Emocional (EQ-i:S) de Bar-On (1977, 2000)... 295
6.3.2.4. Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) de Salovey, Mayer, Goldman, Turvey y
Palfai (1995). 301
6.3.2.5. Medida de personalidad: Inventario de los cinco grandes factores de
personalidad de Costa y McCrae (NEO PI-R, adaptacin de TEA) 303
6.3.2.6. Rendimiento acadmico.. 306
6.3.3. Procedimiento..... 307
6.3.4. Diseo y Anlisis de los datos... 308
6.4. RESULTADOS.... 313
6.4.1. Anlisis descriptivos y correlacionales.. 314
6.4.1.1. Anlisis descriptivos... 314
6.4.1.2. Anlisis correlacional.. 334
6.4.2. Anlisis de regresin mltiple 340

6.4.3. Resultados del anlisis mediante modelado de ecuaciones estructurales... 347
6.5. DISCUSIN..... 359
6.5.1. Implicaciones educativas: Un ejemplo aplicado a la Educacin Superior..... 401
6.5.2. Algunas limitaciones y propuestas de mejora.... 412
6.6. CONCLUSIONES......... 414
7. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS..... 417
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GHVFULSWLYRV\FRUUHODFLRQDOHV
(Q HO VHJXQGR DSDUWDGR VH SUHVHQWDQ ORV UHVXOWDGRV REWHQLGRV FRQ HO PpWRGR GH
UHJUHVLyQP~OWLSOHDVtFRPRHOH[DPHQGHORVVXSXHVWRVGHODUHJUHVLyQ
<ILQDOPHQWHHQHOWHUFHUDSDUWDGRVHLQFOX\HQORVUHVXOWDGRVGHORVDQiOLVLVUHDOL]DGRV
VHJ~QHOPRGHORGHHFXDFLRQHVHVWUXFWXUDOHV

dEWW

$QiOLVLVGHVFULSWLYRV\FRUUHODFLRQDOHV
$QiOLVLVGHVFULSWLYRV

(Q HVWH DSDUWDGR UHFRJHPRV ORV UHVXOWDGRV PiV VLJQLILFDWLYRV GH ORV DQiOLVLV
GHVFULSWLYRVSDUDFDGDXQDGHODVYDULDEOHVHVWXGLDGDV
(Q SULPHU OXJDU H[SRQHPRV ORV UHVXOWDGRV GH ORV HVWDGtVWLFRV GHVFULSWLYRV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVDODYDULDEOHGH5HQGLPLHQWR$FDGpPLFR&RPRSRGHPRVREVHUYDUHQ
ODWDEODODFDOLILFDFLyQPHGLDREWHQLGDSRUORVHVWXGLDQWHVGHODPXHVWUDHVGH
'6 7HQLHQGRHQFXHQWDHOKLVWRJUDPDGHODWDEODREVHUYDPRVTXHHOFRHILFLHQWH
GHFXUWRVLVUHIOHMDXQDGLVWULEXFLyQGHODVSXQWXDFLRQHVEDVWDQWHFHQWUDGDDOUHGHGRUGH
OD PHGLD OR TXH QRV OOHYD D GHWHUPLQDU TXH HVWDPRV DQWH XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ
PHVRF~UWLFD(QFXDQWRDODDVLPHWUtDSRGHPRVVHxDODUTXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtD
SRVLWLYD

Tabla 17. EVWDGtVWLFRVGHVFULSWLYRVFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVDODYDULDEOHGH5HQGLPLHQWR$FDGpPLFR
9iOLGRV
3HUGLGRV

0HGLD

(UURUWtSGHODPHGLD

0HGLDQD

'HVYWtS

$VLPHWUtD

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0tQLPR
0i[LPR
)LJXUD+LVWRJUDPDFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHDODYDULDEOH5HQGLPLHQWR$FDGpPLFR

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(QVHJXQGROXJDUHQORUHIHULGRDODYDULDEOHLQWHOLJHQFLDJHQHUDO&,FRPRSRGHPRV
REVHUYDUHQOD7DEODODSXQWXDFLyQGLUHFWDPHGLDREWHQLGDSRUORVHVWXGLDQWHVGHOD
PXHVWUD HV GH '6 7HQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD HO KLVWRJUDPD )LJXUD \
7DEOD REVHUYDPRV TXH HO FRHILFLHQWH GH FXUWRVLV UHIOHMD XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ODV
SXQWXDFLRQHV EDVWDQWH DOHMDGD GH OD PHGLD OR TXH QRV OOHYD D GHWHUPLQDU TXH
HVWDPRVDQWHXQDGLVWULEXFLyQOHSWRF~UWLFD(QFXDQWRDODDVLPHWUtDSRGHPRVVHxDODU
TXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtDQHJDWLYD
7DEODEVWDGtVWLFRVGHVFULSWLYRVFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVDODYDULDEOH,QWHOLJHQFLD*HQHUDO&,
9iOLGRV
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FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV D ODV YDULDEOHV UHODWLYDV D OD 3HUVRQDOLGDG &RPR SRGHPRV REVHUYDU
HQ OD 7DEOD OD FDOLILFDFLyQ PHGLD REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD FRQ

UHVSHFWRDODYDULDEOH1HXURWLFLVPRHVGH'6 7HQLHQGRHQFXHQWDHO
KLVWRJUDPD)LJXUD\7DEODREVHUYDPRVTXHHOFRHILFLHQWHGHFXUWRVLVUHIOHMDXQD
GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ODV SXQWXDFLRQHV DOHMDGD GH OD PHGLD OR TXH QRV OOHYD D
GHWHUPLQDU TXH HVWDPRV DQWH XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ OHSWRF~UWLFD (Q FXDQWR D OD DVLPHWUtD
SRGHPRVVHxDODUTXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtDSRVLWLYD
&RQ UHVSHFWR D OD YDULDEOH ([WURYHUVLyQ OD SXQWXDFLyQ PHGLD HV GH
'6 7HQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD HO KLVWRJUDPD )LJXUD \ 7DEOD REVHUYDPRV
TXHHOFRHILFLHQWHGHFXUWRVLVUHIOHMDXQDGLVWULEXFLyQGHODVSXQWXDFLRQHVDOHMDGDGHOD
PHGLD OR TXH QRV OOHYD D GHWHUPLQDU TXH HVWDPRV DQWH XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ
PHVRF~UWULFD(QFXDQWRDODDVLPHWUtDSRGHPRVVHxDODUTXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtD
QHJDWLYD
3RU RWUD SDUWH OD SXQWXDFLyQ PHGLD REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD FRQ
UHVSHFWRDODYDULDEOH$SHUWXUDHVVLPLODUDODYDULDEOH([WURYHUVLyQVLHQWRGH
TXHHOFRHILFLHQWHGHFXUWRVLVUHIOHMDXQDGLVWULEXFLyQGHODVSXQWXDFLRQHVDOHMDGDGHOD
OHSWRF~UWLFD(QFXDQWRDODDVLPHWUtDSRGHPRVVHxDODUTXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtD
QHJDWLYD
&RPRFXDUWDYDULDEOHODSXQWXDFLyQPHGLDREWHQLGDSRUORVHVWXGLDQWHVGHODPXHVWUD
FRQ UHVSHFWR D OD YDULDEOH $PDELOLGDG VLJXH HQ OD OtQHD GH ODV DQWHULRUHV VLHQGR GH
'6 7HQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD HO KLVWRJUDPD )LJXUD \ 7DEOD
REVHUYDPRVTXHHOFRHILFLHQWHGHFXUWRVLVUHIOHMDXQDGLVWULEXFLyQGHODVSXQWXDFLRQHV

dEWW

DOHMDGD GH OD PHGLD OR TXH QRV OOHYD D GHWHUPLQDU TXH HVWDPRV DQWH XQD
GLVWULEXFLyQ OHSWRF~UWLFD (Q FXDQWR D OD DVLPHWUtD SRGHPRV VHxDODU TXH VH WUDWD GH
XQDDVLPHWUtDQHJDWLYD
(Q~OWLPROXJDUSDUDODYDULDEOH5HVSRQVDELOLGDGFRPRSRGHPRVREVHUYDUHQOD7DEOD
OD SXQWXDFLyQ PHGLD REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD HV GH
'6 7HQLHQGRHQFXHQWDHOKLVWRJUDPD)LJXUD\7DEODREVHUYDPRVTXH
HO FRHILFLHQWH GH FXUWRVLV UHIOHMD XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ODV SXQWXDFLRQHV DOHMDGD GH OD
QHJDWLYD
Tabla 19. Estadsticos descriptivos correspondientes a la variable Personalidad.
1(21HXUR
1(2([WUR
1(2$SHUWXUD
1(2$PDELOLGDG
1(25HVSRQVDELOLGDG
9iOLGRV
3HUGLGRV
0HGLD

(UURU WtS GH

ODPHGLD

0HGLDQD

'HVYWtS

$VLPHWUtD

(UURU WtS GH

DVLPHWUtD

&XUWRVLV

(UURU WtS GH

FXUWRVLV

0tQLPR

0i[LPR

Figura 5. Histograma correspondiente a al variable de Personalidad Neuroticismo.
Figura 6. Histograma correspondiente a al variable de Personalidad Extroversin

dEWW

Figura 7. Histograma correspondiente a al variable de Personalidad Apertura
Figura 8. Histograma correspondiente a al variable de Personalidad Amabilidad

Figura 9. Histograma correspondiente a al variable de Personalidad Responsabilidad
(Q FXDUWR OXJDU VH UHIOHMDQ ORV UHVXOWDGRV GH ORV HVWDGtVWLFRV GHVFULSWLYRV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV D OD YDULDEOH GH OD ,QWHOLJHQFLD HPRFLRQDO REWHQLGRV D WUDYpV GHO
FXHVWLRQDULR 7006 &RPR SRGHPRV REVHUYDU HQ OD 7DEOD OD SXQWXDFLyQ PHGLD
REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD FRQ UHVSHFWR D OD YDULDEOH $WHQFLyQ
HPRFLRQDOHVGH'6 7HQLHQGRHQFXHQWDHOKLVWRJUDPD )LJXUD
\ 7DEOD REVHUYDPRV TXH HO FRHILFLHQWH GH FXUWRVLV UHIOHMD XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ODV
SXQWXDFLRQHV EDVWDQWH DOHMDGD GH OD PHGLD OR TXH QRV OOHYD D GHWHUPLQDU TXH
TXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtDSRVLWLYD
&RQ UHVSHFWR D OD YDULDEOH &ODULGDG HPRFLRQDO OD SXQWXDFLyQ PHGLD HV GH
'6 7HQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD HO KLVWRJUDPD )LJXUD \ 7DEOD VH REVHUYD

dEWW

TXH HO FRHILFLHQWH GH FXUWRVLV UHIOHMD XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ODV SXQWXDFLRQHV EDVWDQWH
XQDDVLPHWUtDSRVLWLYD
3RU~OWLPRUHVSHFWRDOIDFWRUUHIHULGRDOD5HSDUDFLyQHPRFLRQDOODSXQWXDFLyQPHGLD
REWHQLGDSRUORVHVWXGLDQWHVGHODPXHVWUDHVGH'6 7HQLHQGRHQ
FXHQWDHOKLVWRJUDPD )LJXUD\7DEODREVHUYDPRVTXHHOFRHILFLHQWHGHFXUWRVLV
UHIOHMD XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ODV SXQWXDFLRQHV EDVWDQWH DOHMDGD GH OD PHGLD OR
TXHQRVOOHYDDGHWHUPLQDUTXHHVWDPRVDQWHXQDGLVWULEXFLyQOHSWRF~UWLFD(QFXDQWRD
ODDVLPHWUtDSRGHPRVVHxDODUTXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtDQHJDWLYD
7DEOD (VWDGtVWLFRV GHVFULSWLYRV FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV D ORV IDFWRUHV $WHQFLyQ &ODULGDG \ 5HSDUDFLyQ
HPRFLRQDOGHODYDULDEOH,QWHOLJHQFLD(PRFLRQDO
7006$WHQFLRQ
7006&ODULGDG
70065HSDUDFLRQ
9iOLGRV

3HUGLGRV
0HGLD

(UURUWtSGHODPHGLD

0HGLDQD

'HVYWtS

$VLPHWUtD

(UURUWtSGHDVLPHWUtD

&XUWRVLV

(UURUWtSGHFXUWRVLV

0tQLPR

0i[LPR

Figura 10. Histograma correspondiente al factor Atencin emocional
Figura 11. Histograma correspondiente al factor Claridad emocional

dEWW

Figura 12. Histograma correspondiente al factor Reparacin emocional
(Q TXLQWR OXJDU H[SRQHPRV ORV UHVXOWDGRV GH ORV HVWDGtVWLFRV GHVFULSWLYRV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVWDPELpQUHIHULGRVDOD,QWHOLJHQFLD(PRFLRQDODSDUWLUGHODVYDULDEOHV
DSRUWDGDV SRU HO (4L6 GH %DU2Q ,QWHOLJHQFLD LQWUDSHUVRQDO ,QWHOLJHQFLD
LQWHUSHUVRQDO0DQHMRGHO(VWUpV$GDSWDELOLGDG(VWDGRGHQLPR\(4LWRWDO
&RPRSRGHPRVREVHUYDUHQOD7DEODODSXQWXDFLyQREWHQLGDSRUORVHVWXGLDQWHVGH
OD PXHVWUD FRQ UHVSHFWR D OD YDULDEOH ,QWHOLJHQFLD LQWUDSHUVRQDO HV GH

(Q FXDQWR D OD YDULDEOH ,QWHOLJHQFLD ,QWUDSHUVRQDO OD SXQWXDFLyQ REWHQLGD HV GH
'6 7HQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD HO KLVWRJUDPD )LJXUD \ 7DEOD
REVHUYDPRVTXHHOFRHILFLHQWHGHFXUWRVLVUHIOHMDXQDGLVWULEXFLyQGHODVSXQWXDFLRQHV
EDVWDQWHDOHMDGDGHODPHGLDORTXHQRVOOHYDDGHWHUPLQDUTXHHVWDPRVDQWH
XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ OHSWRF~UWLFD (Q FXDQWR D OD DVLPHWUtD SRGHPRV VHxDODU TXH VH WUDWD
GHXQDDVLPHWUtDQHJDWLYD
/D WHUFHUD YDULDEOH UHIHULGD DO 0DQHMR GHO (VWUpV REVHUYDPRV HQ OD 7DEOD XQD
SXQWXDFLyQ REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD GH '6
7HQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD HO KLVWRJUDPD )LJXUD \ 7DEOD REVHUYDPRV TXH HO
FRHILFLHQWHGHFXUWRVLVUHIOHMDXQDGLVWULEXFLyQGHODVSXQWXDFLRQHVEDVWDQWHDOHMDGDGH
OD PHGLD OR TXH QRV OOHYD D GHWHUPLQDU TXH HVWDPRV DQWH XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ
QHJDWLYD
/D FXDUWD YDULDEOH HQ OD TXH VH FRQWHPSOD OD $GDSWDELOLGDG REVHUYDPRV HQ OD 7DEOD
XQD FDOLILFDFLyQ PHGLD REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD GH
XQDDVLPHWUtDSRVLWLYD
/D TXLQWD YDULDEOH (VWDGR GH QLPR REVHUYDPRV HQ OD 7DEOD XQD FDOLILFDFLyQ
PHGLDREWHQLGDSRUORVHVWXGLDQWHVGHODPXHVWUDGH'6 7HQLHQGR

dEWW

HQ FXHQWD HO KLVWRJUDPD )LJXUD \ 7DEOD REVHUYDPRV TXH HO FRHILFLHQWH GH
FXUWRVLV UHIOHMD XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ODV SXQWXDFLRQHV EDVWDQWH DOHMDGD GH OD PHGLD
ORTXHQRVOOHYDDGHWHUPLQDUTXHHVWDPRVDQWHXQDGLVWULEXFLyQOHSWRF~UWLFD(Q
FXDQWRDODDVLPHWUtDSRGHPRVVHxDODUTXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtDQHJDWLYD
&RPRSRGHPRVREVHUYDUHQOD7DEODODSXQWXDFLyQREWHQLGDSRUORVHVWXGLDQWHVGH
ODPXHVWUDFRQUHVSHFWRDOD~OWLPDYDULDEOHFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHDOYDORUWRWDOGHO(4L6HO
UHVXOWDGR REWHQLGR HV GH '6 7HQLHQGR HQ FXHQWD HO KLVWRJUDPD
)LJXUD \ 7DEOD REVHUYDPRV TXH HO FRHILFLHQWH GH FXUWRVLV UHIOHMD XQD
GLVWULEXFLyQGHODVSXQWXDFLRQHVEDVWDQWHDOHMDGDGHODPHGLDORTXHQRVOOHYDD
GHWHUPLQDU TXH HVWDPRV DQWH XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ OHSWRF~UWLFD (Q FXDQWR D OD DVLPHWUtD
SRGHPRVVHxDODUTXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtDQHJDWLYD
Tabla 21(VWDGtVWLFRVGHVFULSWLYRVFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVDORVIDFWRUHV,QWUDSHUVRQDO,QWHUSHUVRQDO0DQHMRGH
(VWUpV(VWDGRGHQLPR\(4L67RWDOGHODYDULDEOH,QWHOLJHQFLD(PRFLRQDO
(4L,QWUD
(4L,QWHU
9iOLGRV

3HUGLGRV

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DVLPHWUtD
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FXUWRVLV
0tQLPR

0i[LPR

(4L0DQHMR (4L$GDSWDEL (4L(VWDGR (4L727$/

(VWUHV
OLGDG
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Figura 13. Histograma correspondiente al factor Intrapersonal del EQ-i:S
Figura 14. Histograma correspondiente al factor Interpersonal del EQ-i:S

dEWW

Figura 15. Histograma correspondiente al factor Manejo de Estrs del EQ-i:S
Figura 16. Histograma correspondiente al factor Adaptabilidad del EQ-i:S

Figura 17. Histograma correspondiente al factor Estado de nimo del EQ-i:S
Figura 18. Histograma correspondiente al EQi Total del EQ-i:S

dEWW

3RU ~OWLPR HQ VH[WR OXJDU H[SRQHPRV ORV UHVXOWDGRV GH ORV HVWDGtVWLFRV GHVFULSWLYRV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV D OD YDULDEOH GH ,QWHOLJHQFLD (PRFLRQDOD SDUWLU GHO DXWRLQIRUPH GH
6FKXWWH HW DO &RPR SRGHPRV REVHUYDU HQ OD 7DEOD OD SXQWXDFLyQ PHGLD
REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD FRQ UHVSHFWR D OD YDULDEOH ,( 7RWDO GH
6FKXWWHHVGH'6 7HQLHQGRHQFXHQWDHOKLVWRJUDPD)LJXUD\
7DEOD REVHUYDPRV TXH HO FRHILFLHQWH GH FXUWRVLV UHIOHMD XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ODV
SXQWXDFLRQHVEDVWDQWHDOHMDGDGHODPHGLDORTXHQRVOOHYDDGHWHUPLQDUTXH
TXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtDQHJDWLYD
(O VHJXQGR IDFWRU KDFH UHIHUHQFLD D OD ([SUHVLyQ HPRFLRQDO REVHUYDQGR XQD
SXQWXDFLyQ PHGLD REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD GH
6REUH HO WHUFHU IDFWRU OD 5HJXODFLyQ HPRFLRQDO VH REVHUYD XQD SXQWXDFLyQ PHGLD
REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD GH '6 7HQLHQGR HQ
FXHQWDHOKLVWRJUDPD)LJXUD\7DEODREVHUYDPRVTXHHOFRHILFLHQWHGHFXUWRVLV
UHIOHMD XQD GLVWULEXFLyQ GH ODV SXQWXDFLRQHV EDVWDQWH DOHMDGD GH OD PHGLD OR
TXHQRVOOHYDDGHWHUPLQDUTXHHVWDPRVDQWHXQDGLVWULEXFLyQOHSWRF~UWLFD(QFXDQWRD
ODDVLPHWUtDSRGHPRVVHxDODUTXHVHWUDWDGHXQDDVLPHWUtDQHJDWLYD

(QUHIHUHQFLDDO~OWLPRIDFWRUDQDOL]DGRGH6FKXWWHHOUHIHULGRDO8VRVHREVHUYDXQD
SXQWXDFLyQ PHGLD REWHQLGD SRU ORV HVWXGLDQWHV GH OD PXHVWUD GH
7DEOD(VWDGtVWLFRVGHVFULSWLYRVFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVDORVIDFWRUHV([SUHVLyQ5HJXODFLyQ8VR\7RWDOGHO
DXWRLQIRUPHGH6FKXWWHUHIHULGRDODYDULDEOH,QWHOLJHQFLD(PRFLRQDO
SchutteTOTAL
SchutteExpresion
SchutteRegulacion
SchutteUso
Vlidos
561
563
568
569
Perdidos
47
45
40
39
Media
129,3262
57,7052
43,3486
28,2812
Error tp. de la
media
Mediana
,56542
,29367
,22052
,16532
129,0000
58,0000
44,0000
28,0000
Desv. tp.
13,39212
6,96803
5,25555
3,94348
Asimetra
-,978
-,633
-,756
1,101
,103
,103
,103
,102
4,249
2,498
2,111
19,327
,206
,206
,205
,204
52,00
23,00
17,00
9,00
167,00
86,00
55,00
68,00
Error tp.
asimetra
Curtosis
de
Error tp.
curtosis
Mnimo
de
Mximo

dEWW

Figura 19. Histograma correspondiente al ShutteTotal
Figura 20. Histograma correspondiente al factor Expresin emocional

Figura 21. Histogram2a correspondiente factor Regulacin emocional
Figura 22. Histograma correspondiente al factor Uso emocional

dEWW

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GH ODV YDULDEOHV LQFOXLGDV HQ HO WUDEDMR FRQ HO ILQ GH FRQRFHU ODV UHODFLRQHV TXH VH
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Tesis Nelida Perez

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APORTACIN DE LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL,

PERSONALIDAD E INTELIGENCIA GENERAL AL

Alicante, 12 de Junio de 2013

1.1.2. La teora de las Inteligencias Mltiples.... 24

Capitulo 2. LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL

2.4.2.1. Caractersticas de las emociones... 72

Captulo 3. LA EVALUACIN DE LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL

3.1. INTRODUCCIN. 131

3.3.1.1. Desde el modelo cognitivo.. 141

Captulo 4. LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL Y LA EDUCACIN

4.1. INTRODUCCIN. 170

Captulo 5. RENDIMIENTO ACADMICO EN LA EDUCACIN SUPERIOR Y

PERSONALIDAD Y LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL.

5.1. CONCEPTO DE RENDIMIENTO ACADMICO.. 225

Captulo 6. ESTUDIO EMPRICO

6.1. INTRODUCCIN..... 285

6.4.2. Anlisis de regresin mltiple 340

7. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS..... 417

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