OTROS EJEMPLOS

Sea:
Max Z = 40 X1 + 60 X2
s.a.:
2 X1 + X2 70
X1 + X2 40
X1 + 3X2 90
X1, X2 0
!. X1 X2 X3 X4 X" # #$a
X3 2 1 1 0 0 70 70$1
X4 1 1 0 1 0 40 40$1
X" 1 3 0 0 1 90 90$3
%Z 40 60 0 0 0 0
X3 "$3 0 1 0 %1$3 40 40$&"$3' 24
X4 2$3 0 0 1 %1$3 10 10$&2$3' 1"
X2 1$3 1 0 0 1$3 30 30$&1$3' 90
%Z 20 0 0 0 %20 %1(00
X3 0 0 1 %"$2 1$2 1"
X1 1 0 0 3$2 %1$2 1"
X2 0 1 0 %1$2 1$2 2"
%Z 0 0 0 %30 %10 %2100
)O!LE *+SE
,-a./0 se 10see -.a 2es3245546. /e7 3410 8a902 0 4:-a7 &' e.30.es, a7 es3a./a24;a2,
.-es32a /4s10.4#474/a/ /e 2e5-2s0s 308a2<a =a702es .e:a34=0s 9 .0 10/2<a80s 2es07=e2
8e/4a.3e e7 8>30/0 S?MPLEX 32a/4540.a7.
P02 e@e8170:
X1 % 2 X2 6 =A es3a./a4;a2 8-7341745a./0 102 %1, .0s B-e/a:
%X1 +2 X2 %6
S4 0#se2=a80s e7 e@e8170 a.3e2402, 8e/4a.3e :2CD45a, e. B-e e7 80/e70 10see 30/as s-s
2es3245540.es /e7 3410 3e.e80s :
Pe20 s4 aE02a, 5a8#4a./0 7a 2es3245546. 2, 102 e@e8170 a7 3410 , 7 80/e70 .0s B-e/a
Max Z = 40 X1 + 60 X2
s.a.:
2 X1 + X2 70
X1 + X2 40
X1 + 3X2 90
X1, X2 0
9 e7 :2CD450 es:
40
(0
30 60 90
E.S.*.
X1 0
X1
X2
X2 0
Z
&0,0' s07-546. 4.454a7 /e7 S?MPLEX
1e23e.e5e a7 E.S.*.
E.30.5es e7 120#7e8a se 2es-e7=e 8e/4a.3e e7 8>30/0 /e /0#7e Dase.
La D470s0D<a /e es3e 8>30/0 es 7a 84s8a B-e e7 8>30/0 S?MPLEX, 50. 7a ex5e1546. /e
B-e es3e se 2es-e7=e e. /0s 1a23es, /e.084.a/as Dases.
1F *+SE
a
11
X1 + a
12
X
2
+ ............... + a
1.
X
.
+ G1 = #
1
a
21
X1 + a
22
X
2
+ ............. + a
2.
X
.
+ G2 = #
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
a
81
X1 + a
82
X
2
+ .............. + a
8.
X
.
+ G
8
= #
8
%H = G1 + G2 + G3 +IIII..+ G8

Z = ,
1
X + ,
2
X
2
+ .......... + ,
.
X
.
La D-.546. 0#@e34=0 /e 7a 1248e2a Dase es :
8
M4. J G@
@=1
L0s 2es-73a/0s 10s4#7es /e 7a Dase 1 s0. 70s s4:-4e.3es:
40
(0
30 60 90
E.S.*.
X1 0
X1
X2
X2 0
Z
)0./e e7 &0,0' .0 1e23e.e5e a7
E.S.*. =A &0,0' K0 es s07-546.
4.454a7
,-a7B-4e2 s07-546. Da534#7e /e7 s4s3e8a 2 B-e 3e.:a =a24a#7es a234D454a7es .-7as &G@ = 0'
se2C -.a s07-546. 1a2a e7 120#7e8a 4.454a7.
Pa2a e.50.32a2 -.a s07-546. #ase 1a2a e7 s4s3e8a 2 &s07-546. #Cs45a 4.454a7' e. 7a 5-a7 7as
=a24a#7es 4.454a7es /e#e. se2 .-70s.
Pa2a e770, ex4s3e. 2 8>30/0s,
1.% 8>30/0 /e /0#7e Dase
2.% 8>30/0 /e 1e.a74;a546. 0 M :2a./e.
METODO DE DOBLE FASE
ea80s -. e@e8170 /4/C53450, ex1745a./0 s- 2es07-546.:
Sea:
Max Z = 40 X1 + 60 X2
s.a.:
2 X1 + X2 70
X1 + X2 40
X1 + 3X2 90
X1, X2 0
E.30.5es s4 es3a./a24;a80s, .0s B-e/a2<a
Max Z = 40 X1 + 60 X2
s.a.:
2 X1 + X2 +E1 = 70
X1 + X2 %E2 = 40
X1 + 3X2 +E3 = 90
X1, X2,E1, E2, E3 0
G .-es32a s07-546. 4.454a7 E4103>345a, e. e7 5as0 /e -3474;a2 e7 S?MPLEX 32a/4540.a7,
se2<a:
X1 = 0, X2 = 0, E1 = 70, E2 = %40 9 E3 = 90.
Pe20 E2 = %40 .0 5-817e 50. 7as 50./4540.es /e .0 .e:a34=4/a/, 50./4540.es B-e
D028a. 1a23e 481023a.3e e. e7 80/e70.
La s07-546., es a:2e:a2 -. =a24a#7e a234D454a7 /e.084.a/a G, 7a 5-a7 s< es 10s434=a,
e.30.5es .-es320 80/e70 /e7 e@e8170, se2C:
Max Z = 40 X1 + 60 X2
s.a.:
2 X1 + X2 +E1 = 70
X1 + X2 %E2 +G1 = 40
X1 + 3X2 +E3 = 90
X1, X2, E1, E2, E3,G1 0
ea80s 5080 se 2es-e7=e -3474;a./0 70s 5-a/20s:
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G #
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90
%Z 40 60 0 0 0 0 0 *+SE ??
H 0 0 0 0 0 %1 0 *+SE ?
,080 se ex17456 e. ses40.es a.3e2402es, /e#e80s ex12esa2 7a D-.546. 0#@e34=0, e. es3e
5as0, /e 7a 1248e2a *ase &H', e. 3>284.0s /e 7as =a24a#7es KO !+S?,+S, 1a2a
a=e24:-a2, a 32a=>s /e s-s 50s30s 2e/-54/0s, s4 a5as0 50.=4e.e B-e e.32e. a 7a #ase 0 .0.
Pa2a e770, e7484.a80s 7as =a24a#7es #Cs45as /e H, s-8a./0 7a se:-./a 2es3245546. a 7a
7<.ea /e 50s30s 2e/-54/0s /e H, B-e/a./0 .-es320 5-a/20 /e 7a s4:-4e.3e 8a.e2a:
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G #
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90
%Z 40 60 0 0 0 0 0 *+SE ??
H 1 1 0 %1 0 0 40 *+SE ?
Res07=4e./0 3a7 5080 Ee80s =e.4/0 Ea54>./070 Eas3a aE02a, 50. 7a 1a2345-7a24/a/ /e
50./4540.a2 e7 120#7e8a a 7a *+SE ?, Eas3a B-e es3a se 84.4845e, es /e542 JG4 = 0.
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G # #$a
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70 70$1
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40 40$1
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90 90$3 &L 1$3 1a2a /e@a2 1 a7 14=03e'
%Z 40 60 0 0 0 0 0 *+SE ??
%H 1 1 0 %1 0 0 40 *+SE ?
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G # #$a
E1 "$3 0 1 0 %1$3 0 40 40$&"$3' 24
G1 2$3 0 0 %1 %1$3 1 10 10$&2$3' 1" S+LE G1 )E L+ !+SE
X2 1$3 1 0 0 1$3 0 30 30$&1$3' 90 &%1+R1' &%1+R2' &%60+Z' &%1+H'
%Z 20 0 0 0 %20 0 %1(00 *+SE ??
%H 2$3 0 0 %1 %1$3 0 10 *+SE ?
E1 0 0 1 "$2 1$2 %"$2 1"
X1 1 0 0 %3$2 %1$2 3$2 1" &%3$2' &%"$3+R1'&%1$3+R3'&%20+Z'&%2$3+H'
X2 0 1 0 1$2 1$2 %1$2 2"
%Z 0 0 0 30 %10 %30 %2100 *+SE ??
%H 0 0 0 0 0 %1 0 *?K+L?Z+ L+ *+SE ?
E7 120#7e8a a234D454a7 34e.e s07-546. 61348a, es /e542, H= 0. +7 84s80 34e810, se
0#34e.e -.a s07-546. 4.454a7 1a2a e7 S4817es 32a/4540.a7, X1=1", X2= 2", E1=1", E2 =0 9
E3=0.
+E02a, e7 8>30/0 50.34.Ma 50. 7a *ase ??, 8e/4a.3e e7 S4817ex T2a/4540.a7, a 1a2342 /e 7a
s07-546. 4.454a7 0#3e.4/a.
X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 # #$a
E1 0 0 1 5/2 1$2 1" 1"$&"$2' = 6 &L 2$"'
X1 1 0 0 %3$2 %1$2 1" 1"$&%3$2' = %%%
X2 0 1 0 1$2 1$2 2" 2"$&1$2' = "0
%Z 0 0 0 30 %10 %2100
E2 0 0 2$" 1 1$" 6 &3$2+R2' &%1$2+R3' &%30+Z'
X1 1 0 3$" 0 %1$" 24
X2 0 1 %1$" 0 2$" 22
%Z 0 0 %1( 0 %19 %22(0
Luego, el ptimo es:
X1 = 24
X2 = 22
1 = !
2 = "
# = !
$ = 22%!
EL METODO DE &E'AL($A)(O'
Es3e 8>30/0 50.s4s3e e. 4.502102a2 7as =a24a#7es a234D454a7es e. 7as 2es3245540.es /e7 PPL,
4.57-9>./07as 3a8#4>. e. 7a D-.546. 0#@e34=0. La /4De2e.54a es B-e e. 7a *.O. 70s G4
/e#e. se2 1e.a74;a/0s, es30 es 8-7341745a/0s 102 -. =a702 70 s-D454e.3e8e.3e :2a./e M,
50. 7a D4.a74/a/ /e Ea5e2 48120/-534=0 7a 1e28a.e.54a e. 7a s07-546..
Sea e7 s4s3e8a s4:-4e.3e:
a
11
X1 + a
12
X
2
+ ............... + a
1.
X
.
+ G1 = #
1
a
21
X1 + a
22
X
2
+ ............. + a
2.
X
.
+ G2 = #
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
a
81
X1 + a
82
X
2
+ .............. + a
8.
X
.
+ G
8
= #
8
%H = G1 + G2 + G3 +IIII..+ G8

%Z + ,
1
X + ,
2
X
2
+ ... + ,
.
X
.
% M G1 N M G2 %II.% M G8
X@, G4 0 O MAAA 0
E.30.5es 2es07=4e./0 e7 84s80 120#7e8a a.3e2402, 1e20 aE02a 50. M P2a./e 0
Pe.a74;a546. 3e.e80s e7 s4:-4e.3e 1205e/484e.30:
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G #
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90
%Z 40 60 0 0 0 %M 0
Pa2a 2ees524#42 7a D-.546. 0#@e34=0 e. 3>284.0s /e 7as =a24a#7es KO !+S?,+S, 1a2a
50.05e2 5-a7 /e e77as 50.=4e.e B-e e.32e a 7a #ase, B-e se2C 12e54sa8e.3e aB-e77a 5-90
50s30 2e/-54/0 a1023e 8Cs a 7a D-.546. 0#@e34=0, se 8-7341745a 7a se:-./a D47a &aB-e77as
B-e 50.34e.e. 7as =a24a#7es a234D454a7es' 102 M 9 se 2es-8a a 7a 7<.ea /e 7a D-.546.
0#@e34=0.
E.30.5es, e7 s4s3e8a B-e/a:
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G # #$a
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70 70$1 = 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40 &LM +Z' 40$1 = 40
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90 90$3 = 30
%Z 40+M 60+M 0 %M 0 0 40M
! X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G # #$a
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70 70$1 = 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40 &LM +Z' 40$1 = 40
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90 90$3 = 30 &L1$3'
%Z 40+M 60+M 0 %M 0 M 40M
! X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G # #$a
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70 70$1 = 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40 40$1 = 40
X2 1$3 1 0 0 1$3 0 30 &%1+R1' &%1+R2' &&N60%M'+Z'
%Z 40+M 60+M 0 %M 0 M 40M #$a
E1 "$3 0 1 0 %1$3 0 40 40$&"$3'=24
G1 2/# 0 0 %1 %1$3 1 10 10$&2$3'=1" &L3$2'
X2 1$3 1 0 0 1$3 0 30 30$&1$3'=90
%Z 20+2$3M 0 0 %M %20%1$3M M %1(00+10M
E1 0 0 1 "$2 1$2 %"$2 1"
X1 1 0 0 %3$2 %1$2 3$2 1" &%"$3+R1' &%1$3+R3' &%20%2$3M+Z'
X2 0 1 0 1$2 1$2 %1$2 2"
%Z 0 0 0 30 %10 %30 %2100
E2 0 0 2$" 1 1$" 6
X1 1 0 3$" 0 %1$" 24
X2 0 1 %1$" 0 2$" 22
%Z 0 0 %1( 0 %19 %22(0
Luego, el ptimo es:
X1 = 24
X2 = 22
1 = !
2 = "
# = !
$ = 22%!
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G #
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90
%Z 40 60 0 0 0 0 0
%H 1 1 0 %1 0 0 40
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G #
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90
%Z 40 60 0 0 0 0 0
%H 1 1 0 %1 0 0 40
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G #
E1 "$3 0 1 0 %1$3 0 40
40$&"$3'
G1 2$3 0 0 %1 %1$3 1 10
10$&2$3'
X2 1$3 1 0 0 1$3 0 30
%Z 20 0 0 0 %20 0 %1(00
%H 2$3 0 0 %1 %1$3 0 10
E1 0 0 1 "$2 1$2 %"$2 1"
X1 1 0 0 %3$2 %1$2 3$2 1"
"$3+R1'&%1$3+R3'&%20+Z'&%2$3+H'
X2 0 1 0 1$2 1$2 %1$2 2"
%Z 0 0 0 30 %10 %30 %2100
%H 0 0 0 0 0 %1 0
!. X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G #
#$a
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90
%Z 40+M 60+M 0 %M 0 0 40M
! X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G #
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40
E3 1 3 0 0 1 0 90 9
%Z 40+M 60+M 0 %M 0 M 40M
! X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 G #
#$a
E1 2 1 1 0 0 0 70
G1 1 1 0 %1 0 1 40
X2 1$3 1 0 0 1$3 0 30
%Z 40+M 60+M 0 %M 0 M 40M
E1 "$3 0 1 0 %1$3 0 40
G1 2/# 0 0 %1 %1$3 1 10
X2 1$3 1 0 0 1$3 0 30
%Z 20+2$3M 0 0 %M %20%1$3M M %1(00+10M
E1 0 0 1 "$2 1$2 %"$2 1"
X1 1 0 0 %3$2 %1$2 3$2 1"
X2 0 1 0 1$2 1$2 %1$2 2"
%Z 0 0 0 30 %10 %30 %2100
E2 0 0 2$" 1 1$" 6
X1 1 0 3$" 0 %1$" 24
X2 0 1 %1$" 0 2$" 22
%Z 0 0 %1( 0 %19 %22(0
X1 X2 E1 E2 E3 #
#$a
E1 0 0 1 5/2 1$2 1"
1"$&"$2'
X1 1 0 0 %3$2 %1$2 1" 1"$
&%3$2'
X2 0 1 0 1$2 1$2 2"
2"$&1$2'
%Z 0 0 0 30 %10 %2100
E2 0 0 2$" 1 1$" 6
X1 1 0 3$" 0 %1$" 24
X2 0 1 %1$" 0 2$" 22
%Z 0 0 %1( 0 %19 %22(0