TABLA A .

l
[101

U n id a d e s d e l S I

kPa (abs)].

Temperatura
ro

Peso
especfico
r
(kN/m3)

Densidad

Viscosidad
dinmica

rj

(kg/m3)

(Favs)

Viscosidad
cinemtica
<m2/s)

9.81

1000

1.75

X 10-3

1.75 X

10-6

9.81

1000

1.52

X 10~3

1.52 X

10-6

10

9.81

1000

1.30

X 1 0 -3

1.30 X

10-6

15

9.81

1000

1.15

X 10~3

1.15 X

10-6

20

9.79

998

1 .0 2 X 1 0 - 3

1.02 X

10- 6

25

9.78

997

8.91

X 10-4

8.94 X

10~7

30

9.77

996

8 .0 0 X 1 0 - 4

8.03 X

10~7

35

9.75

994

7.18

X 10-4

7.22 X

107

40

9.73

992

6.51

X 10-4

6.56 X

10"7

45

9.71

990

5.94

X 10-4

6.00 X

10~7

50

9.69

988

5.41

X 10-4

5.48 X

10"7

55

9.67

986

4.98

X 10-4

5.05 X io -7

60

9.65

984

4.60

X 10-4

4.67 X

10"7

65

9.62

981

4.31

X 10-4

4.39 X

1 0 '7

70

9.59

978

4.02

X 10-4

4.11 X

10-7

75

9.56

975

3.73

X 10~4

3.83 X

1 0 '7

80

9.53

971

3.50

X 10-4

3.60 X

10-7

9.50

968

3.30

X 10-4

3.41 X

1 0"7

85

9.47

965

3.11

X 10-4

3.22

X 10-7

90

9.44

962

2.92 X

10-4

3.04

X 10-7

95

9.40

958

2.82 X

10~4

2.94

X 10"7

100

589

590

T A B L A A.2

A p n d ic e A

Propiedades del agua

U n id a d e s d e l S is te m a

I n g l s ( 1 4 .7 p sia ).

Viscosidad
dinmica

Viscosidad
cinemtica

(lb/pie3)'

Densidad
P
(slugs/pie3)

32

6 2 .4

1 .9 4

3 .6 6 X 1 0 " 5

1 .8 9

10~5

40

6 2 .4

1 .9 4

3 .2 3 X 1 0 " 5

1 .6 7

10~5

50

6 2 .4

1 .9 4

2 .7 2 X 1 0 " 5

1 .4 0

10~5

60

6 2 .4

1 .9 4

2 .3 5 X 1 0 - 5

1 .2 1

10 -5

70

6 2 .3

1 .9 4

2 .0 4 X 1 0 -5

1 .0 5

10-5

80

6 2 .2

1 .9 3

1 .7 7 X 1 0 - 5

9 .1 5

10-6

90

6 2 .1

1 .9 3

1 .6 0 X 1 0 - 5

8 .2 9

10-6

100

6 2 .0

1 .9 3

1 .4 2 X 1 0 - 5

7 .3 7

10-6

110

6 1 .9

1 .9 2

1 .2 6 X 1 0 - 5

6 .5 5

10 -6

120

6 1 .7

1 .9 2

1 .1 4 X 1 0 - 5

5 .9 4

1 0 -6

130

6 1 .5

1 .9 1

1 .0 5 X 1 0 - 5

5 .4 9

10-6

140

6 1 .4

1 .9 1

9 .6 0 X 1 0 -6

5 .0 3

10"6

150

6 1 .2

1 .9 0

8 .9 0 X 1 0 " 6

4 .6 8 x 10-6

160

6 1 .0

1 .9 0

8 .3 0 X 1 0 " 6

4 .3 8 x 1 0 -6

170

6 0 .8

1 .8 9

7 .7 0 X 1 0 -6

4 .0 7 X 10-6

180

6 0 .6

1 .8 8

7 .2 3 X 1 0 " 6

3 .8 4 X 1 0 -6

190

6 0 .4

1 .8 8

6 .8 0 X 1 0 " 6

3 .6 2

200

6 0 .1

1 .8 7

6 .2 5 X 1 0 - 6

3 .3 5 X 1 0

212

5 9 .8

1 .8 6

5 .8 9 X 1 0 " 6

3 .1 7 X 1 0 " 6

Temperatura
(F)

Peso
especfico
r

(Ib-s/pie2)

(pie2/s)

10"6

B Propiedades de los lquidos

comunes
n B L A B .1

U n id a d e s d e l S I [1 0 1 k P a (a b s ) y 2 5 C ]

Gravedad
especfica

sg

Peso
especfico
y

(kN/m3)

Densidad
P

Viscosidad
dinmica

Viscosidad
cinemtica

(kg/m3)

(Pa-s)

(mVs)

Acetona

0.787

7.72

787

3.16 X 10 4

4.02 X 10- 7

Alcohol, e tlic o

0.787

7.72

787

1.00 X 10- 3

1.27 X 10- 6

Alcohol m e tlic o

0.789

7.74

789

5.60 X 10 4

7.10 X 10- 7

Alcohol, p ro p ico

0.802

7.87

802

2.39 X 10- 6

Amoniaco h id ratad o (259c)

0.910

8.93

910

1.92 X 10~ 3
__

Benceno

0.876

8.59

876

6.03 X 10 4

6 .8 8

Tetracloruro d e c a r b o n o

1.590

15.60

1 590

9.10 X 10- 4

5.72 X 10- 7

Acte de ricin o

0.960

9.42

960

6.51 X 10 '

6.78 X 10" 4

Etilenglieol

1 .1 0 0

10.79

1 100

1.62 X 10- 2

1.47 X 10- 5

Gasolina

0 .6 8

6.67

680

2.87 X 10 4

4.22 X 10- 7

Glicerina

1.258

12.34

1 258

9.60 X 10 '

7.63 X 10" 4

Queroseno

0.823

8.07

823

1.64 X 10 3

1.99 X 10 6

Aceite de linaza

0.930

9.12

930

3.31 X 10- 2

3.56 X 10 5

13 540

1.53 X 10-3

1.13 X 10- 7

Mercurio

13.54

132.8

X 10- 7

0.495

4.86

495

1.10 X 10 4

2.22 X 10 7

1.030

1 0 .1 0

1 030

1.03 X 10 3

1.00 X 10- 6

fa r r a s

0.870

8.53

870

1.37 X 10- 3

1.57 X 10 6

-rjmbustleo. m ed io

0.852

8.36

852

2.99 X 10- 3

3.51 X 10_t)

-'imbustleo, p e sa d o

0.906

8.89

906

1.07 X 10-1

1.18 X 10- 4

fropano
de mar

591

592

T A B L A B .2

A p n d ic e B

Propiedades de los lquidos com unes

U n id a d e s d e l S is te m a I n g l s ( 1 4 .7 p sia y 7 7 F ).
P eso

V is c o s id a d

V is c o s id a d

d in m ic a

c in e m tic a

G ravedad

e s p e c f ic o

D e n s id a d

e s p e c f ic a

sg

( l b /p i e 3)

( s l u g s / p i e 3)

A c e to n a

0 .7 8 7

4 8 .9 8

1 .5 3

6 .6 0 X 1 0 " 6

4 .3 1 X 10-6

A lc o h o l, e tlic o

0 .7 8 7

4 9 .0 1

1 .5 3

2 .1 0 X 1 0 - 5

1 .3 7 X 10"5

A lc o h o l, m e t lic o

0 .7 8 9

4 9 .1 0

1 .5 3

1 .1 7 X 1 0 - 5

7 .6 5 X 10-6

A lc o h o l, p r o p lic o

0 .8 0 2

4 9 .9 4

1 .5 6

4 .0 1

X 10-5

2 .5 7 X 10~5

A m o n ia c o h id ra ta d o (2 5 % )

0 .9 1 0

5 6 .7 8

1 .7 7

B enceno

0 .8 7 6

5 4 .5 5

1 .7 0

1 .2 6 X 1 0 " 5

7 .4 1 X 10-6

T etracloru ro d e ca r b o n o

1 .5 9 0

9 8 .9 1

3 .0 8

1 .9 0 X lO " 5

6 .1 7 X 10-6

A c e ite d e ric in o

0 .9 6 0

5 9 .6 9

1 .8 6

1 .3 6 X 1 0 - 2

7 .3 1 X 10"3

E tile n g lic o l

1 .1 0 0

6 8 .4 7

2 .1 3

3 .3 8 X 10" 4

1 .5 9 X 10"4

G a so lin a

0 .6 8

4 2 .4 0

1 .3 2

6 .0 0 X

10-6

4 .5 5 X 10 -6

G licerin a

1 .2 5 8

7 8 .5 0

2 .4 4

2 .0 0 X

1 0 -2

8 .2 0 X 103

Q u er o se n o

0 .8 2 3

5 1 .2 0

1 .6 0

3 .4 3 X 1 0 " 5

2 .1 4 X 10"5

A c e ite d e lin a z a

0 .9 3 0

5 8 .0 0

1 .8 0

6 .9 1

X 10"4

3 .8 4 X 10~4

2 6 .2 6

3 .2 0 X 10" 5

1 .2 2 X 10-6

M ercu rio

1 3 .5 4

8 4 4 .9

( l b - s / p i e 2)

(p ie 2/s )

P rop an o

0 .4 9 5

3 0 .8 1

0 .9 6

2 .3 0 X 10" 6

2 .4 0 X

A g u a d e m ar

030

6 4 .0 0

2 .0 0

2 .1 5 X 1 0 - 5

1 .0 8 X

A guarrs

0 .8 7 0

5 4 .2 0

1 .6 9

2 .8 7 X 1 0 - 5

1 .7 0 X 1 0 '5

C o m b u st le o , m e d io

0 .8 5 2

5 3 .1 6

1 .6 5

6 .2 5 X 1 0 " 5

3 .7 9 X 1 0 ' 5

C o m b u st le o , p e sa d o

0 .9 0 6

5 6 .5 3

1 .7 6

2 .2 4 X 10" 3

1 .2 7 X 10-3

IQ-*
io~-

BHBB

C Propiedades comunes de
aceites lubricantes derivados
del petrleo
Viscosidad cinemtica v

Tipo
Sistemas hidrulicos
automotrices
Sistemas hidrulicos
de mquinas herramientas
Ligero
Medio
Pesado
Temperatura baja
Aceites lubricantes
de mquinas herramientas
Ligero
Medio
0 .9 1 5
Pesado

A 40 C (104 F) F
--------------------------------(m2/s)
/pe2/s)

Gravedad
especfica
0 .8 8 7

3 .9 9 X 1 0 " 5

0 .8 8 7

3 .2 0

0 .8 9 5

6 .7 0 ;

>

4 .3 0 X 1 0 " 4

A 100 C (212 F)
----------------------------------(m2/s)
(pie2/s)
7 .2 9 X 1 0 " 6

ndice de
viscosidad

7 .8 5 X 1 0" 5

149

10"5

3 .4 4 X 10"4

4 .7 9 X 1 0 " 6

5 .1 6 X 10" 5

46

10~5

7 .2 1 X 1 0 " 4

7 .2 9 X 10"*

7 .8 5 X 10" 5

53

0 .9 0 1

1 .9 6 X 1 0 " 4

2 .1 1 X 10" 3

1 .4 0 X 1 0 " 5

1.51 X 1 0 4

0 .8 4 4

1 .4 Q

1 .5 1 X 1 0 - 4

5 .2 0 X 1 0 6

5 .6 0 X 10

2 .2 0 X 1 0 " 5

2 .3 7 X 1 0" 4

3 .9 0 X 1 0

4 .2 0 x 1 0 j

40

7 .0 0 X 1 0 J

7 .5 3 x

41

1 .5 5 X 1 0 ~

1 6 7 x 10_____________ 7 3 ^

'
0 .8 8 1
6 .6 0 X 1 0 " 5
0 .8 9 0

53
374

,
7 .1 0 X

1 0 '4

2 .0 0 X 1 0 " 4

? .1 5 X 1 0 3

10_^

Nota: Consulte tam bin las tablas 2,4 y 2.5 del captulo 2, para ver las propiedades de los aceites de grado SAE de motoies > ti a m isio n es.

D Variacin de la viscosidad
con la temperatura

A pndice D

x 1 0 -1

CL,
O

Variacin de la viscosidad con la temperatura

595

<

x 10

CN

.5 x

10-3 i

o
a
3
c
O
O

10-4

1 0 -5 <

-1 0

20

40

60

T em peratura

V is c o s id a d dinm ica

80

100

T (C )

v e r s u s tem peratura - u n id a d e s del SI.

120

596

Apndice D

Variacin de la viscosidad con la temperatura

100
T e m p er a tu r a

150

T (F )

V isco sid ad d in m ica v e r s u s te m p e ra tu ra u n id ad es del S istem a Ingls.

E Propiedades del aire

TABLA E .1

P r o p ie d a d e s d e l a ir e

versus tem p era tu ra e n u n id a d e s d e l

SI a la p resi n a t m o s f r ic a e st n d a r .

Peso
especfico

Temperatura

Densidad

T
(C)

(kg/m3)

Viscosidad
dinmica
V

( N /m 3)

(Pa-s)

Viscosidad
cinemtica
v
(nr/s)

-4 0

1.514

14.85

1.51 X 10" 5

9.98 X 10- 6

-3 0

1.452

14.24

1.56 X 10" 5

1.08 X 10" 5

-2 0

1.394

13.67

1.62 X 10- 5

1.16 X 10- 5

-1 0

1.341

13.15

1.67 X 10" 5

1.24 X 10- 5

1.292

12.67

1.72 X 10" 5

1.33 X 10" 5

10

1.247

12.23

1.77 X 10" 5

1.42 X 10" 5

20

1.204

11.81

1.81 X 10- 5

1.51 X 10" 5

30

1.164

11.42

1.86 X 10- 5

1.60 X 10- 5

40

1.127

11.05

1.91 X 10~ 5

1.69 X 10" 5

50

1.092

10.71

1.95 X 10- 5

1.79 X 10" 5

60

1.060

10.39

1.99 X 10 5

1.89 X 10 5

70

1.029

10.09

2.04 X 10 5

1.99 X 10- 5

80

0.9995

9.802

2.09 X 10 5

2.09 X 10- 5

90

0.9720

9.532

2.13 X 10- 5

2.19 X 10~ 5

100

0.9459

9.277

2.17 X 10- 5

2.30 X 10" 5

110

0.9213

9.034

2.22 X 10- 5

2.40 X 10" 5

120

0.8978

8.805

2.26 X 10~5

2.51 X 10- 5

N o ta : Las propiedades del aire en con d icion es estndar a nivel del mar son las siguientes.
Temperatura
P resin

15 C
101.325 kPa

D en sid ad

1.225 kg/m 3

P e so e sp e c fic o
V iscosid ad dinm ica

12.01 N /m 3
1.789 X 10- ; , P as

V iscosid ad cinem tica 1.46 X 10- 5 m2/s

597

A p n d ic e E

598

T A B L A E .2

Propiedades del aire

P r o p ie d a d e s d e l a ire

versus tem p eratu ra

P eso

e n u n id a d e s

d e l S is te m a I n g l s a la p r e s i n
a tm o sf r ic a estn d ar.

T e m p e r a tu r a

D e n s id a d

e s p e c fic o

V is c o s id a d

V iscosid ad

d in m ic a

cin em tica

(F )

( s l u g s / p i e 3)

( l b / p i e 3)

-4 0

2.94 X 10 ~ 3

0.0946

3.15 X 10- 7

1.07 X 10 4

-2 0

2.80 X 10~ 3

0.0903

3.27 X 10- 7

1.17 x cr 4

2.68 X 10~ 3

0.0864

3.41 X 10- 7

1.27 X 10-4

20

2.57 X 10~ 3

0.0828

3.52 X 10- 7

1.37 X 10 4

40

2.47 X 10~ 3

0.0795

3.64 X 10- 7

1.47 X 1CT4

60

2.37 X 10 ~ 3

0.0764

3.74 X 10- 7

1.58 X 10 4

80

2.28 X 10 ~ 3

0.0736

3.85 X 10- 7

1.69 X 10" 4

100

2.20 X 10 ~ 3

0.0709

3.97 X 10- 7

1.80 X 10-4

120

2.13 X 10 ~ 3

0.0685

4.06 X 10- 7

1.91 X 1CT4

140

2.06 X 10~ 3

0.0662

4.16 X 10- 7

2.02 X 1CT4

160

1.99 X 10~ 3

0.0641

4.27 X 10- 7

2.15 X O^ 4

180

1.93 X 10~ 3

0.0621

4.38 X 10- 7

2.27 X 1CT4

200

1.87 X 10~ 3

0.0602

4.48 X 10- 7

2.40 X 10-4

220

1.81 X 10~ 3

0.0584

4.58 X 10- 7

2.52 x c r 4

240

1.76 X 10~ 3

0.0567

4.68 X 10- 7

2.66 X 10"4

( l b - s / p i e 2)

v
(p ie2/ S)

Apndice E
TABLA E .3

P r o p ie d a d e s d el aire

599

P r o p ie d a d e s d e la a tm s fe r a .

Unidades SI

Unidades del Sistema Ingls

Temperatura

Presin

Altitud

Densidad
P

f in )

(C)

(kPa)

(kg/m3)

Altitud
(pies)

Temperatura

Presin

Densidad

T
(F)

P
(DS)

( c lu o c /n
ip ^J
l/lv

1 5 .0 0

1 0 1 .3

1.2 2 5

5 9 .0 0

14.69 6

200

1 3 .7 0

9 8 .9

1.202

500

5 7 .2 2

1 4 .4 3 3

2 .3 4 X 10 - 3

400

1 2 .4 0

9 6 .6

1 .1 7 9

1000

5 5 .4 3

1 4 .1 7 3

2 .2 5 X 10~3

600

11.10

9 4 .3

1 .1 5 6

5000

4 1 .1 7

12 .2 2 7

2 .0 5 X 10 - 3

800

9 .8 0

9 2 .1

1 .1 3 4

10000

2 3 .3 4

1 0 .1 0 6

1 .7 6 X 10 - 3

1000

8 .5 0

8 9 .9

1.112

15 0 0 0

5.51

8.2 9 3

1 .5 0 X 10- 3

2000

2.00

7 9 .5

1.0 0 7

20000

- 1 2 .6 2

6 .7 5 3

1 .2 7 X 10- 3

3000

-4 .4 9

7 0 .1

0 .9 0 9 3

30000

- 4 7 .9 9

4 .3 6 5

8 .8 9 X 10 - 4

4000

-1 0 .9 8

6 1 .7

0 .8 1 9 4

40000

-6 9 .7 0

2 .7 2 0

5 .8 5 X 10- 4

5000

- 1 7 .4 7

5 4 .0

0 .7 3 6 4

50000

-6 9 .7 0

1.683

3 .6 2 X 1 0 '4

10000

- 4 9 .9 0

2 6 .5

0 .4 1 3 5

60000

-6 9 .7 0

1.04 0

2 .2 4 X 10-4

15000

-5 6 .5 0

12.11

0 .1 9 4 8

70000

- 6 7 .3 0

0 .6 4 4

1.38 X 10~4

20000

-5 6 .5 0

5 .5 3

0 .0 8 8 9

80000

- 6 1 .8 1

0 .4 0 0

8 .4 5 X 10-5

25000

2 .5 5

0 .0 4 0 1

90000

- 5 6 .3 2

0 .2 5 1

5 .2 2 X 10-5

- 5 1 .6 0

0 .0 1 8 4

100000

-5 0 .8 4

3 .2 5 X 10 5

- 4 6 .6 4

1.20

0 .1 5 8

30000

Datos tomados de U.S.

S ta n d a r d

A t m o s p h e r e , 1976 NOAA-S/T76-1562. W ashington, DC.

National O ceanic and Atmospheric Administraron.

A p n d ic e E

Propiedades del aire

60-

15

10

40-

5
0

20I 10
^
LL.
0

oH

2
1u . -2 0 -

S3
*c
O.

-30

o
O.
E
a

-20

H
-4 0 -1

-4 0

-6 0 -

-5 0

60

-8 0 -

A ltitud (p ies x 1000)

J ___i___i___i___L

J___I___1___I___I___I___L

12

J___I___I___I.................................

15

18

21

24

I I
27

l
30

A ltitud (m x 1000)
(a) A ltitudes m ayores
70 n

60-

\- 15

50-

10

40-

-5

ou
cd
3->

-0

<u
OE
u
H

30. -5
20-

--10

300

600

900

1200

1500

1800

Altitud (m)
(b) Altitudes ms bajas

F IG U R A E .l

Propiedades de la atm sfera estndar versus la altitud.

2100

2400

2700

3000

TABLA F .l

F Dimensiones de tuberas
de acero

C d u la 4 0 .

noni. Dimetro exterior

de tubera
Tam ao

Espesor de pared

Dimetro interior

(pulg)

(pulg)

(mm)

(pulg)

(mm)

(pulg)

0.405

10.3

0.068

1.73

0.269

0 .0 2 2 4

'/4

0.540

13.7

0.088

2.24

0.364

0.675

17.1

0.091

2.31

lA

0.840

21.3

0.109

3A

1.050

26.7

1.315

F lu jo d e r e a

(mm)

(pies2)

(m2)

6.8

0.000 394

3.660 X 10~5

0.0303

9.2

0.000 723

6.717 X 10~5

0.493

0.0411

12.5

0.001 33

1.236 X 10-4

2.77

0.622

0.0518

15.8

0.002 11

1.960 X 10~4

0.113

2.87

0.824

0.0687

20.9

0.003 70

3.437 X 10~4

33.4

0.133

3.38

1.049

0.0874

26.6

0.006 00

5.574 X 10~4

1.660

42.2

0.140

3.56

1.380

0.1150

35.1

0.010 39

9.653 X 10"4

V/i

1.900

48.3

0.145

3.68

1.610

0.1342

40.9

0.014 14

1.314 X 10~3

2.375

60.3

0.154

3.91

2.067

0.1723

52.5

0.023 33

2.168 X 10~3

2'/i

2.875

73.0

0.203

5.16

2.469

0.2058

62.7

0.033 26

3.090 X 10~3

3.500

88.9

0.216

5.49

3.068

0.2557

77.9

0.051 32

4.768 X 10~3

3'/2

4.000

101.6

0.226

5.74

3.548

0.2957

90.1

0.068 68

6.381 X 10~3

4.500

114.3

0.237

6.02

4.026

0.3355

102.3

0.088 40

8.213 X 10~3

5.563

141.3

0.258

6.55

5.047

0.4206

128.2

0.139 0

1.291 X 10~2

0.280

7.11

6.065

0.5054

154.1

1.864 X 10~2

6.625

168.3

0.200 6

0.322

8.18

7.981

0.6651

202.7

3.226 X 10~2

8.625

219.1

0.347 2

0.365

9.27

10.020

0.8350

0.547 9

5.090 X 10~2

10.750

273.1

254.5

10

10.31

11.938

0.777 1

7.219 X 10~2

0.406

0.9948

12.750

323.9

303.2

12

11.10

13.126

0.939 6

8.729 X 10~2

355.6

1.094

14.000

0.437

333.4

14

15.000

1.250

1.227

16.000

12.70

0.1140

0.500

381.0

406.4

16.876

1.406

1.553

18.000

14.27

0.1443

0.562

428.7

457.2

15.06

18.814

1.568

477.9

1.931

0.1794

17.45

22.626

1.886

574.7

2.792

0.2594

16
18
20

20.000

508.0

0.593

24

24.000

609.6

0.687

602

A p n d ice F

T A B L A F.2

D im ensiones de tuberas de acero

Cdula 80.

Tamao nom. Dimetro exterior

de tubera
(pulg)
(mm)
(pulg)

Dimetro interior

Espesor de pared
(pulg)

(mm)

(pulg)

Flujo de rea

(mm)

(pies)

(pies2)

(m2)

Vs

0.405

10.3

0.095

2.41

0.215

0.017 92

5.5

0.000 253

2.350 X 10~5

Va

0.540

13.7

0.119

3.02

0.302

0.025 17

7.7

0.000 497

4.617 X 10~5

10.7

0.000 976

9.067 X 10~5

3/8

0.675

17.1

0.126

3.20

0.423

0.035 25

*/2

0.840

21.3

0.147

3.73

0.546

0.045 50

13.9

0.001 625

1.510 X 10-4

3/4

1.050

26.7

0.154

3.91

0.742

0.061 83

18.8

0.003 00

2.787 X 10-4

1.315

33.4

0.179

4.55

0.957

0.079 75

24.3

0.004 99

4.636 X KT4

VA

1.660

42.2

0.191

4.85

1.278

0.106 5

32.5

0.008 91

8.278 X 10~4

V/2

1.900

48.3

0 .2 0 0

5.08

1.500

0.125 0

38.1

0.012 27

1.140 X 10-3

2.375

60.3

0.218

5.54

1.939

0.161

49.3

0 .0 2 0

51

1.905 X KT3

2Vi

2.875

73.0

0.276

7.01

2.323

0.193

59.0

0.029 44

2.735 X 10~3

3.500

88.9

0.300

7.62

2.900

0.241 7

73.7

0.045 90

4.264 X 10~3

3 Vi

4.000

1 0 1 .6

0.318

8.08

3.364

0.280 3

85.4

0.061 74

5.736 X 10-3

4.500

114.3

0.337

8.56

3.826

0.318

97.2

0.079

7.419 X 10~3

5.563

141.3

0.375

9.53

4.813

0.401 1

122.3

0.126 3

1.173 X 10~:

6.625

168.3

0.432

10.97

5.761

0.480 1

146.3

0.181

1.682 X 10"

8.625

219.1

0.500

12.70

7.625

0.635 4

193.7

0.317 4

2.949 X 10':

10

10.750

273.1

0.593

15.06

9.564

0.797 0

242.9

0.498

4.632 x 10~:

12

12.750

323.9

0.687

17.45

11.376

0.948 0

289.0

0.705

6.555 X 10 '

14

14.000

355.6

0.750

19.05

12.500

1.042

317.5

0.852 1

16

16.000

406.4

0.842

21.39

14.314

1.193

363.6

1.117

0.1038

18

18.000

457.2

0.937

23.80

16.126

1.344

409.6

1.418

0.1317

20

2 0 .0 0 0

508.0

1.031

26.19

17.938

1.495

455.6

1.755

0.1630

24

24.000

609.6

1.218

30.94

21.564

1.797

547.7

2.535

86

7.916 x 10~:

0.2344

Dimetro
exterior
(pulg*

l
Vi 6

'/4

5/l6

xh
5/s

3/4

7/&

l'/4

l'/2

P/ 4

Espesor de pared

(mm)______ (pulg)
3 .1 8

4 .7 6

6 .3 5

7 .9 4

9 .5 3

1 2 .7 0

1 5 .8 8

1 9 .0 5

2 2 .2 3

2 5 .4 0

3 1 .7 5

3 8 .1 0

4 4 .4 5

5 0 .8 0

(mm)

Dimetro interior
(pulg)

(pies)
0.00508
0.00458

0 .0 3 2

0 .8 1 3

0 .0 6 1

0 .0 3 5

0 .8 8 9

0 .0 5 5

0 .0 3 2

0 .8 1 3

0 .1 2 4

0 .0 3 5

0 .8 8 9

0 .1 1 7

Flujo de rea
(mm)

(pie2)

(in2)

1.549
1.397

2.029 X 10~ 5
1.650 X 10~ 5

1.885 X 10- 6
1.533 X 10- 6

0.01029
0.00979

3.137
2.985

8.319 X 10~ 5
7.530 X 10~5

7.728 X 10- 6
6.996 X 10- 6

0 .0 3 5

0 .8 8 9

0 .1 8 0

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4

0 .1 5 2

0.01500
0.01267

4.572
3.861

1.767 X 10~ 4
1.260 X 10~4

1.642 X 10~ 5
1.171 X 10" 5

0 .0 3 5

0 .8 8 9

0 .2 4 3

0 .0 2 0 2 1

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4

0 .2 1 5

0.01788

6.160
5.448

3.207 X 10- 4
2.509 X 10- 4

2.980 X 10~5
2.331 X 10- 5

0 .0 3 5

0 .8 8 9

0 .3 0 5

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4

0 .2 7 7

0.02542
0.02308

7.747
7.036

5.074 X 10~ 4
4.185 X 10~ 4

4.714 X 10~ 5
3.888 X 10" 5

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4

0 .4 0 2

0 .0 6 5

1.65

0 .3 7 0

8.189 X 10~ 5
6.937 X 10~ 5

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4

0 .5 2 7

0 .0 6 5

1.65

0 .4 9 5

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4

0 .6 5 2

0 .0 6 5

1 .6 5

0 .6 2 0

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4

0 .7 7 7

0 .0 6 5

1.6 5

0 .0 6 5

0.03350
0.03083

10 .2 1

9.40

8.814 X O^ 4
7.467 X 10~ 4

0.04392
0.04125

13.39
12.57

1.515 X 10~ 3
1.336 X 10- 3

1.407 X 10 4
1.242 X 10- 4

0.05433
0.05167

16.56
15.75

2.319 X 10~ 3
2.097 X 10" 3

2.154 X 10- 4
1.948 X 10- 4

0 .7 4 5

0.06475
0.06208

19.74
18.92

3.293 X 10~3
3.027 X 10" 3

3.059 X 10- 4
2.812 X 10- 4

1.65

0 .8 7 0

0.07250

2 2 .1 0

4.128 X 10" 3

3.835 X 10" 4

2.11

0 .8 3 4

0.06950

21.18

3.794 X 10- 3

3.524 X 10- 4

0 .0 8 3
0 .0 6 5

1.65

1 .0 8 4

6.356 X 10~4
5.954 X 10" 4

2.11

28.45
27.53

6.842 X 10~3
6.409 X 10~ 3

0 .0 8 3

0.09333
0.09033

0 .0 6 5

1.65

1 .3 7 0

0.1142
0 .1 1 1 2

1.024 X 10~ 2
9.706 X 10" 3

9.510 X 10- 4
9.017 X 10- 4

0 .0 8 3

2.11

1 .3 3 4

34.80
33.88

0 .0 6 5

1.6 5

1 .6 2 0

41.15
40.23

1.431 X 10- 2
1.368 X 10- 2

1.330 X 10-3
1.271 X 10~ 3

0 .0 8 3

2.11

0.1350
0.1320

0 .0 6 5

1 .65

0.1558
0.1528

47.50
46.58

1.907 X 10" 2
1.835 X 10" 2

1.772 X 10-3
1.704 X 10- 3

0 .0 8 3

2.11

1.120

1 .5 8 4
1 .8 7 0
1 .8 3 4

603

Tamao
nominal
1

H Dimensiones de tubos de cobre

tipo K

Dimetro
exterior

Espesor
de pared

Dimetro interior

Flujo de rea

(pulg)

(mm)

(pulg)

(pies)

(mm)

6 .3 5

0 .0 3 5

0 .8 8 9

0 .1 8 0

0 .0 1 5 0

4 .5 7 2

1 .7 6 7 X 1 0 ~ 4

1 .6 4 2 X l( T 5

0 .3 7 5

9 .5 3

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4 5

0 .2 7 7

0 .0 2 3 1

7 .0 3 6

4 . 1 8 5 X 10" 4

3 .8 8 8 X 10-5

v%
xh
5A

0 .5 0 0

1 2 .7 0

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4 5

0 .4 0 2

0 .0 3 3 5

1 0 .2 1

8 . 8 1 4 X 10" 4

8 .1 8 9 X 1(T5

0 .6 2 5

1 5 .8 8

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4 5

0 .5 2 7

0 .0 4 3 9

1 3 .3 9

1 .5 1 5 X 1 0 ~ 3

1 .4 0 7 X 10~4

0 .7 5 0

1 9 .0 5

0 .0 4 9

1 .2 4 5

0 .6 5 2

0 .0 5 4 3

1 6 .5 6

2 .3 1 9 X 1 0 " 3

2 .1 5 4 X 10~4

3/4

0 .8 7 5

2 2 .2 3

0 .0 6 5

1 .6 5 1

0 .7 4 5

0 .0 6 2 1

1 8 .9 2

3 .0 2 7 X 10~3

2 .8 1 2 X 10-4

1 .1 2 5

2 8 .5 8

0 .0 6 5

1.651

0 .9 9 5

0 .0 8 2 9

2 5 .2 7

5 .4 0 0 X 10~3

5 .0 1 7 X 10~4

VA

1 .3 7 5

3 4 .9 3

0 .0 6 5

1.651

1 .2 4 5

0 .1 0 3 7

3 1 .6 2

8 .4 5 4 X 10"3

7 .8 5 4 X 10-4

V/2
2

1 .6 2 5

4 1 .2 8

0 .0 7 2

1 .8 2 9

1.481

0 .1 2 3 4

3 7 .6 2

1 .1 9 6 X 1 0 " 2

lu x

2 .1 2 5

5 3 .9 8

0 .0 8 3

2 .1 0 8

1 .9 5 9

0 .1 6 3 2

4 9 .7 6

2 .0 9 3 X 1 0 " 2

1 .9 4 5 X 10~3

2X
A

2 .6 2 5

6 6 .6 8

0 .0 9 5

2 .4 1 3

2 .4 3 5

0 .2 0 2 9

6 1 .8 5

3 .2 3 4 X 10-2

3 .0 0 4 X 103

3 .1 2 5

7 9 .3 8

0 .1 0 9

2 .7 6 9

2 .9 0 7

0 .2 4 2 3

7 3 .8 4

4 .6 0 9 X 10"2

4 .2 8 2 X 10~3

8 5 .9 8

6 .2 4 9 X 1 0 ~ 2

5 .8 0 6 X 10-3

9 7 .9 7

8 .1 1 4 X 10~ 2

7 .5 3 8 X 103

(pulg)

(pulg)

(mm)

'/fe

0 .2 5 0

(pies2)

(m2)

nr3

3 lA

3 .6 2 5

0 .1 2 0

3 .0 4 8

3 .3 8 5

0 .2 8 2 1

4 .1 2 5

1 0 4 .8

0 .1 3 4

3 .4 0 4

3 .8 5 7

0 .3 2 1 4

5 .1 2 5

1 3 0 .2

0 .1 6 0

4 .0 6 4

4 .8 0 5

0 .4 0 0 4

1 2 2 .0

1 .2 5 9 X 10 _1

1 .1 7 0 X 10 2

6 .1 2 5

1 5 5 .6

0 .1 9 2

4 .8 7 7

5 .7 4 1

0 .4 7 8 4

1 4 5 .8

1 .7 9 8 X 1 0 _1

1 .6 7 0 X 10-2

8 .1 2 5

2 0 6 .4

0 .2 7 1

6 .8 8 3

7 .5 8 3

0 .6 3 1 9

1 9 2 .6

3 . 1 3 6 X 1 0 _1

2 .9 1 4 X 10-2

10

1 0 .1 2 5

2 5 7 .2

0 .3 3 8

8 .5 8 5

9 .4 4 9

0 .7 8 7 4

2 4 0 .0

4 .8 7 0 X 1 0 " 1

4 .5 2 4 X 10-2

12

1 2 .1 2 5

3 0 8 .0

0 .4 0 5

1 0 .2 8 7

1 1 .3 1 5

0 .9 4 2 9

2 8 7 .4

6 .9 8 3 X 1 0 ' 1

6 .4 8 7 X 10-2

604

9 2 .0 8

TABLA 1.1

I Dimensiones de tuberas
de hierro dctil

Clase lr>0 para presin de servicio de 150 psi (1.03 MPa).

Tam. nominal
de tuberas

Dimetro
exterior

Espesor
de pared

Dimetro interior

rea de flujo

(pulg)

(mm)

(pulg)

(mm)

(pulg)

(pies)

(m m )

3.96

100.6

0.320

8.13

3.32

0.277

84.3

0.0601

5 .5 8 5 X 1 0 ~ 3

4.80

121.9

0.350

8.89

4.10

0.342

104.1

0.0917

8 .5 1 8 X 1 0 " 3

6.90

175.3

0.380

9.65

6.14

0.512

156.0

0.2056

1 .9 1 0 X 1 0 ~ 2

9.05

229.9

0 .4 1 0

10.41

8.23

0.686

209.0

0.3694

3 .4 3 2 X 1 0 ~ 2

10

11.10

281.9

0.440

11.18

10.22

0.852

259.6

0.5697

5 .2 9 2 X 1 0 ~ 2

12

13.20

335.3

0.480

12.19

12.24

1.020

310.9

0.8171

7 .5 9 1 X 1 0 ~ 2

14

15.65

397.5

0.510

12.95

14.63

1.219

371.6

1.167

0 .1 0 8 5

16

17.80

452.1

0.540

13.72

16.72

1.393

424.7

1.525

0 .1 4 1 7

18

19.92

506.0

0.580

14.73

18.76

1.563

476.5

1.920

0 .1 7 8 3

20

22.06

560.3

0.620

15.75

20.82

1.735

528.8

2.364

0 .2 1 9 6

24

26.32

668.5

0.730

18.54

24.86

2.072

631.4

3.371

0 .3 1 3 2

ipulg)

(pies2)

605

TA B LA J .l
I n g l s .

J Areas de crculos

U n id a d e s d e l S is t e m a

Dimetro
(pulg)

606

rea

(pies)

(pulg2)

(pies2)

0.25

0.0208

0.0491

3.409 X 10' 4

0.50

0.0417

0.1963

1.364 X 10~3

0.75

0.0625

0.4418

3.068 X 10~3

1.00

0.0833

0.7854

5.454 X 10~3

1.25

0.1042

1.227

8.522 X 10~3

1.50

0.1250

1.767

1.227 X 10~2

1.75

0.1458

2.405

1.670 X 10~2

2 .0 0

0.1667

3.142

2.182 X 10~2

2.50

0.2083

4.909

3.409 X 10~2

3.00

0.2500

7.069

4.909 X 10~2

3.50

0.2917

9.621

6.681 X 10~2

4.00

0.3333

12.57

8.727 X 10~2

4.50

0.3750

15.90

0.1104

5.00

0.4167

19.63

0.1364

6 .0 0

0.5000

28.27

0.1963

7.00

0.5833

38.48

0.2673

8.0 0

0.6667

50.27

0.3491

9.00

0.7500

63.62

0.4418

10.00

0.8333

78.54

0.5454

12.00

1.00

113.1

0.7854

18.00

1.50

254.5

1.767

24.00

2 .0 0

452.4

3.142

Apendice J
T 4BLA J.2

Unidades SI.

Area de crculos

^
Dimetro
(mm)

(m)

rt.a
(mm2)

(n r)

0.006

12

0.012

113.1

1.131 X 10~4

18

0.018

254.5

2.545 X 10~4

25

0.025

490.9

4.909 X 10"4

32

0.032

804.2

8.042 X 10~4

40

0.040

1257

1.257 X 10"3

45

0.045

1590

1.590 X 10-3

50

0.050

1963

1.963 X 10~3

60

0.060

2827

2.827 X 10-3

75

0.075

4418

4.418 X 10-3

90

0.090

6362

6.362 X 10-3

100

0.100

7854

7.854 X 10~3

115

0.115

1.039 X 104

1.039 X 10~2

125

0.125

1.227 X 104

1.227 X 10~2

150

0.150

1.767 X 104

1.767 X 10~2

175

0.175

2.405 X 104

2.405 X 10-2

200

0.200

3 .142 X 104

3.142 X 10-2

225

0.225

3.976 X 104

3.976 X 10"2

250

0.250

4 909 X 104

4.909 X 102

300

0.300

7.069 X 104

7.069 X 10-2

450

0.450

1.590 X 105

1.590 X 10_1

600

0.600

2.827 X 10s

2.827 X 10 '

28.27

2.827 X 10"5

K Factores de conversin
Nota: E n

g e n e r a l, a q u s e d a n lo s f a c t o r e s d e c o n v e r s i n c o n tres o cuatro cifras s

se dispone d'03'*

v a s . E n la r e fe r e n c ia 1 d e l c a p t u lo 1, I E E E /A S T M S ta n d a rd S I 1 0 -2 0 0 2 ,

va

lo r e s m s p r e c is o s .

T A B L A K.1
c o n v e r s i n

F a c to r e s d e

Masa

U n id a d e s t n d a r d e l S I: k ilo g r a m o ( k g ) . U n id a d e q u iv a le n te : N -s2/ m

1 4 .5 9 k g

3 2 .1 7 4 lb m

2 .2 0 5 lb m

4 5 3 .6 g ra m o s

s lu g

s lu g

kg

lbm

Fuerza

2 0 0 0 lb m

1000kp

to n m

tonelada mtricam

U n id a d e s t n d a r d e l S I: n e w to n ( N ) . U n id a d e q u iv a le n te : k g -m /s2.

4 .4 4 8 N

10 5 d in a s

4 . 4 4 8 X 1 0 5 d in a s

2 2 4 .8 lb f

lb f

lb f

kN

Longitud
3 .2 8 1 p ie s

3 9 .3 7 p u lg

12 p u lg

1 .6 0 9 k m

5 2 8 0 p ie s

6 076 pies

p ie s

mi

mi

m illa nutica

rea
1 4 4 p u lg 2

1 0 .7 6 p ie s 2

6 4 5 .2 m m 2

106 m m 2

4 3 ,5 6 0 p i e s 2

104 m2

p ie s 2

m2

p u lg 2

nr

acre

hectrea

Volumen
1 7 2 8 p u lg 3

2 3 1 p u lg 3

7 .4 8 g a l

2 6 4 .2 g a l

3 .7 8 5 L

35.31 p ies3

p ie s 3

gal

p ie s 3

m3

gal

m3

2 8 .3 2 L

1000 L

6 1 .0 2 p u lg 3

lO O O cm 3

p ie s 3

m3

1.201 U .S . gal
g a l n im p erial

Flujo volumtrico
4 4 9 g a l/m in

3 5 .3 1 p ie s 3/ s

15 8 5 0 g a l/m in

3 .7 8 5 L /m in

p ie s 3/ s

m 3/ s

m 3/ s

g a l/m in

6 0 0 0 0 L /m in

2 1 1 9 p ie s 3/m in

1 6 .6 7 L /m in

1 0 1 .9 m 3/h

m 3/s

m 3/ s

m 3/h

p ie s 3/s

Densidad (masa/unidad de volumen)

5 1 5 .4 k g /m 3

1 0 0 0 k g /m 3

3 2 .1 7 lb m/ p i e s 3

16.018 k g /m 3

s l u g /p ie s 3

g r a m o s /c m 3

s lu g /p i e s 3

lb m /p ies3

Peso especfico (peso/unidad de volumen)

157.1 N /m 3

1 7 2 8 lh /p ie s 3

__________ _

A pn dice K

Presin

Factores de conversin

^ U n id a d

U 4 lb /p ie s 2

609

estn d ar d el SI: p a sca l (P a). U n id a d e s e q u iv a len te s: N /m 2 o k g /m * s2.

4 7 .8 8 Pa

6 8 9 5 Pa

1 Pa

lO O kPa

1 4 .5 0 lb /p u lg 2

lb /p ie s

lb /p u lg 2

N /m 2

bar

bar

lb /p u lg
2 7 .6 8 p u lg H 2Q

2 4 9 .1 Pa

2 .0 3 6 p u lg H g

3 3 8 6 Pa

133.3 Pa

5 1 .7 1 m m H g

lb /p u lg -

p u lg H 20

lb /p u lg 2

p u lg H g

mmHg

lb /p u lg 2

1 4 .6 9 6 lb /p u lg 2

1 0 1 .3 2 5 kPa

atm . est n d a r

2 9 .9 2 p u lg H g

atm . estn d ar

7 6 0 .1 m m H g

atm . estn d ar

atm . estn d ar

N o t o : L o s fa c to r e s d e c o n v e r si n b a sa d o s en la altura d e una c o lu m n a d e lq u id o (por

e je m p lo en p u lg H ? 0 y m m H g ), y q u e su v e z se b asan en un c a m p o g r a v ita cio n a l e s

(g =

tndar

9 .8 0 6 6 5 m /s ), una d en sid a d d e l agua ig u a l a 1 0 0 0 k g /m 3 y una d en sid a d

d e l m erc u r io d e 13 5 9 5 .1 k g /m 3, a v e c e s recib en e l n o m b re d e v a lo r e s c o n v e n c io n a le s
para una tem peratura d e 0 C o cerca n a a e ste valor. L as m e d ic io n e s r ea le s co n tales
flu id o s p u ed en variar, d e b id o a las d ifer e n c ia s en la g ra v ed a d lo c a l y la tem peratura.

Energa

U n id a d estn d ar d e l SI: jo u le (J). U n id a d eq u iv a le n te: N *m o k g*m 2/ s 2.

1 .3 5 6 J

1 .0 J

8 .8 5 lb -p u lg

1.055 kJ

3 .6 0 0 kJ

7 7 8 .1 7 p ie -lb

lb -p ie s

N- m

Btu

W *h

B tu

Potencia

U n id a d estndar d e l SI: (W ) U n id a d eq u iv a len te : J/s o N *m /s.

7 4 5 .7 W

1.0 W

5 5 0 lb - p ie s /s

1 .3 5 6 W

3 .4 1 2 B tu /h

1.341 hp

hp

N -m s

hp

lb - p ie s /s

kW

Viscosidad dinmica

U n id ad estndar d e l SI: Pa*s o N * s/m 2 (c P = c e n tip o ise )

4 7 .8 8 P a -s

lO p o is e

1000 cP

lO O cP

1 cP

lb -s p ie s 2

Pa ' s

Pa 's

p o is e

1 m Pa*s

Viscosidad cinemtica

U n id ad estndar d el SI: m 2/s (c S t = c e n tisto k e )

1 0 .7 6 4 p ie s 2/s

10 4 sto k e

10 6 c S t

100 c S t

1 cSt

10 6 m m 2/s

m 2/ s

m 2/s

m 2/s

sto k e

l m m 2/s

m 2/s

C o n su lte la se c c i n 2 .7 .5 para la c o n v e r si n a se g u n d o s S a y b o lt U n iv ersa l.

Enfoque general para aplicar los factores de conversin. A c o m o d a r

lo s factores de

c o n v e r s i n de la labia, de tal m anera que cu a n d o se m u ltip liq u e por una cantidad dada,
las u n id a d es o r ig in a le s se c a n c e le n y q u ed en las q u e se d esea n .

Ejemplo 1

Convertir 0.24

m 3/s a

gal/min:

I 5 8 5 0 g a l.m in

(0.24 nv ,s ) ------------=-----------

3804 gal/min

m (S

Ejemplo 2

Convertir 150 gal/min a

m 3/s:

1 m3 s
(1 5 0 gal, m in) - - - =
15 8 5 0 gal/m in

9.46 X

10 ~ 3 m 3, s

Conversiones de tem peratura (consulte la seccin 1.7)

D ada la tem peratura Fahrcnheit '/'/ c 11 F, la tem peratura C e lsiu s 7r en C es

Tr

(7>, -

3 2 ) /1 .8

D ada la tem peratura T r en "C\ la temperatura 7 ,, en F es

7/.- =

1.87; + 32

610

T A B L A K .1

A p n d ic e K

Factores de

Factores de conversin

Dada la temperatura Tc en C, la temperatura absoluta TK en K (kelvin) es

conversin (contina).
TK = T C +

273.15

Dada la temperatura 7> en F, la temperatura absoluta TR en R (grados

Rankine) es

Tr = 7> + 459.67
Dada la temperatura TF en F, la temperatura absoluta TK en K es

Tk = (Tf + 45 9 .6 7 )/1.8 = 7 * / 1 .8

L Propiedades de las reas

Area de la
seccin
.4

Seccin

Distancia
al cjeT
centroidal

Momento de inercia
respecto del eje
centroidal / C

H2

Hl 2

// 4/l 2

S/y

Hl 2

b / / 3/12

BHI2

Hl 3

BH^/36

Cuadrado
n

/ / ---------- -----

I ----

Rectngulo
"I

/ / ---------------- -----

i _
V

ir

Tringulo

Propiedades de las reas (contina)

rea d e la
se c c i n

D ista n cia
a le je } ?

centroidal

S e cci n

M o m en to de inercia
resp ecto del eje
centroidal

Crculo

D 2/ 4

D /2

7 lD 4/64

D/2

7l(D 4 - 4 )

A n illo

K ( D 2 - d 2)

64

S em icrcu lo

7 iD 2/ 8

0.212D

(6.86 x 10"J)D 4

Cuadrante

D 2/ 1 6

0 .2 1 2 D

(3.43 x 10~3)D 4

R 2/ 4

0 .4 2 4 R

(5.49 x 10~2)tf 4

Trapecio
K g -H

H(G +B)

H ( G + 2 B)

3( G + B )

612

36(G + B)

M Propiedades de los slidos

V o lu m en

D istan cia al

cen tro id e J

Forma

H! 2 desde cualquier cara

BHG

B/2,H/2'OG/2

desde una cara en particular

D 2H

Propiedades de los slidos (contina)

F o rm a

V o lu m e n
V

D istan cia al
c en tro id e y

BGH
HI4

n H ( D 2 - d 2)
H /2

rcD3

6~

D! 2

Esfera

kD

~TT

kD

2H

12

614

3 D /1 6

H! 4

N Constante de los gases,

exponente adiabtico y
relacin de presin crtica
para gases seleccionados
Constante del gas R
pie-lb

N-m

Ib-R

NK

Relacin de
presin crtica

Aire

53.3

29.2

1.40

0.528

Amoniaco

91.0

49.9

1.32

0.542

Dixido de carbono

35.1

19.3

1.30

0.546

Gas natural (comn,

depende del gas)

79.1

43.4

1.27

0.551

Nitrgeno

55.2

30.3

1.41

0.527

Oxgeno

48.3

26.5

1.40

0.528

Propano

35.0

19.2

1.15

0.574

Refrigerante 12

12.6

1.13

0.578

Gas

6.91

615