Correlaciones empricas conveccin forzada

Exterior
Placas:
Espesor de la capa lmite y el coeficiente de friccin local
Laminar : 6
x
=
4.91x
Re
x
1/ 2
, C
f , x
=
0.664
Re
x
1/2
, C
f
=
1.33
Re
L
1/2
, Re
x
510
5
Turbulento: 6
x
=
0.3x
Re
x
1/ 5
, C
f , x
=
0.059
Re
x
1/ 5
, C
f
=
0.0!4
Re
L
1/ 5
, 510
5
Re
x
10
!
en caso de tener los dos re"menes
C
f
=
1
L
(

0
x
cr
C
f , x laminar
dx+

x
cr
L
C
f , xturbulento
dx
)
=
0.0!4
Re
L
1/5

1!42
Re
L
#oeficiente de transferencia de calor local placa isot$rmica
Laminar : Nu
x
=
h
x
x
k
=0.332Re
x
1/ 2
Pr
1/ 3
, Pr >0.6
Nu
x
=
0.33!%r
1/3
Re
x
1/2
1+(0.046/ Pr )
2/3
|
1/ 4
, Pe
x
=Re
x
Pr100
Turbulento: Nu
x
=
h
x
x
k
=0.0296Re
x
4/5
Pr
1/3
,
0.6Pr60
510
5
Re
x
10
!
#oeficiente de transferencia de calor medio placa isot$rmica
Laminar : Nu=
hL
k
=2&'
x
Turbulento: Nu=
hL
k
=0.03!Re
x
4/ 5
Pr
1/ 3
,
0.6Pr60
510
5
Re
x
10
!
caso de tener los dos re"menes
Nu=
hL
k
=(0.03! Re
L
4/5
!1) Pr
1/3
,
0.6Pr60
510
5
Re
L
10
!
(ramo inicial no calentado placa isot$rmica
Laminar : Nu
x
=
0.332Re
x
1/2
Pr
1/3
1((/ x)
3/4
|
1/ 3
, h=
21((/ x)
3/4
|
1(/ L
h
x=L
Turbulento: Nu
x
=
0.0296Re
x
4/ 5
Pr
1/ 3
1((/ x)
9/ 10
|
1/ 9
, h=
5 1((/ x)
9/ 10
|
4(1(/ L)
h
x=L
)l'*o 'niforme de calor
Laminar : Nu
x
=0.453Re
x
1/ 2
Pr
1/ 3
, Nu=0.60Re
L
1/ 2
Pr
1/ 3
Turbulento: Nu
x
=0.030Re
x
4/ 5
Pr
1/3
Cilindros:
&'sselt promedio
Nu
cil
=0.3+
0.62Re
1/2
Pr
1/3
1+(0.4/ Pr )
2/3
|
1/ 4

1+
(
Re
22000
)
5/
|
4/ 5
cilindro seccin no circ'lar Nu
cil
=C Re
m
Pr
1/3
Bancos de tubos:
Re
D
max
=
pV
max
D

Alineado:
V
max
=
S
T
S
T
D
V
Escalonado:
si 2+
d
>A
T
: V
max
=
S
T
S
T
D
V
si S
D
( S
T
+D)/2:
V
max
=
S
T
2( S
D
D)
V
coeficiente de calor promedio
&'
D
=
hD
k
=C
2
CRe
D, max
m
Pr
0.36
(Pr / Pr
s
)
1/ 4
|
Esferas:
Nu
esf
=2+ 0.4 Re
1/ 2
+0.06 Re
2/ 3
| Pr
0.4
(

s
)
1/ 4
Correlaciones empricas conveccin forzada
Interior
Tubos:
Re=
pV
prom
D

m=pV
prom
A
c
=

A
c
pu(r)dA
c
V
prom
=
2p
p R
2

0
R
u(r)r dr =
2
R
2

0
R
u(r) r dr

E
fluido
= mc
p
T
m
=

m
c
p
T (r)6 m
T
m
=
2
V
prom
R
2

0
R
T (r)u(r) dr
A P=P
1
P
2
=
LV
prom
R
2
=f
L
D
p
V
prom
2
2
, h
L
=f
L
D
V
prom
2
2"
f =
f

p!
prom
2
, C
f
=
f
4
seccin no,circ'lar
Re
D
=
pV D
h

D
h
=
4+
P
h
media aritm$tica
AT
prom

AT
i
+AT
o
2

"
s
=h A
s
AT
prom
, #|
media lo"artmica
AT
lm
=
(AT
e
AT
i
)
ln(AT
e
)/(AT
i
)|

"
s
=h A
s
AT
lm
, #|
(emperat'ra media del fl'ido pared
isot$rmica
T
m
( x)=T
s
(T
s
T
i
)exp(h px/ mc
p
)
)l'*o 'niforme de calor

"
s
= $
s
A
s
= mc
p
(T
o
T
i
) , #|
T
o
=T
i
+
$
s
A
s
mc
p
R$"imen laminar t'-os
f =
64
Re
&'mero de &'sselt t'-os en r$"imen laminar
)l'*o calor constante
T
m
=T
s

11
24
$
sR
k
, Nu=
hd
k
=4.36
temperat'ra s'perficial constante
Nu=
hd
k
=3.66
('-os seccin no,circ'lar: .er ta-la
)l'*o t'r-'lento
Nu=0.125 f Re Pr
1/3
=0.023 Re
0.
Pr
n
Nu=
(f / )(Re1000) Pr
1+12.!(f / )
0.5
( Pr
2/3
1)
(
0.5Pr2000
310
3
Re510
6
)
t'-os lisos
f =(0.!90ln Re1.64)
2
, 3000Re510
6
s'perficies r'"osas
1
.f
=2lo"
(
c/ D
3.!
+
2.51
Re .f
)
, flu%o turbulento
1
.f
1.lo"

6.9
Re
+
(
c/ D
3.!
)
1.11
|
Re"in de entrada
('-os circ'lares placas paralelas
Nu=3.66+
0.065( D/ L) Re Pr
1+0.04( D/ L) Re Pr |
2/3

Nu=!.54+
0.03( D
h
/ L)Re Pr
1+0.016( D
h
/ L) Re Pr |
2/3
Correlaciones empricas conveccin natural
Ra
x , c
=&r
x ,c
Pr=
'(T
s
T

) x
c
3
v o
10
9
placa vertical temperat'ra constante
Nu=

0.6+
0.6! Ra
L
1/4
1+(0.492/ Pr )
9/ 16
|
4/9
, Ra
L
<10
9

0.25+
0.3!Ra
L
1/ 6
1+(0.492/ Pr)
9/16
|
/2!
|
2
, Ra
L
>10
9

placa vertical fl'*o calor constante

Nu=
hL
k
=
$
s
L
k(T
L/ 2
T

)
Placa horizontal s'perficie caliente arri-a o fra a-a*o
Laminar : Nu=
hL
k
=0.54 Ra
L
1/ 4
, 10
4
Ra
L
10
!
Turbulento: Nu=
hL
k
=0.15Ra
L
1/ 3
, 10
!
Ra
L
10
11
cilindro horizontal
Nu=

0.6+
0.3! Ra
D
1/ 6
1+(0.559/ Pr)
9/16
|
/2!

2
, Ra
D
<10
12
esfera
Nu=2+
0.59 Ra
D
1/4
1+(0.469/ Pr )
9/16
|
4/ 9
,
Pr0.!
Ra
D
<10
11
canales verticales
Ra
s
=&r
s
Pr=
' (T
s
T

) S
3
v o
T
s
=cte : Nu=
hS
k
=

C
1
( Ra
s
S/ L)
2
+
C
2
( Ra
s
S/ L)
0.5
|
1/2
$
s
=cte: Nu
L
=
h
LS
k
=

C
1
Ra
s
/
S/ L
+
C
2
( Ra
s
/
S/ L)
0.4
|
1/ 2
Recintos cerrados:
Ra
L
=&r
L
Pr=
'(T
1
T
2
) L
c
3
v o
0ori1ontales
Nu=1+1.44

1
1!0
Ra
L
|
2
+

Ra
L
1/3
1
1
|
2
3nclinados
Nu=1+1.44

1
1!0
Ra
L
cos 0
|
2
(
1
1!0(sin1.0)
1.6
Ra
L
cos 0
)
+

( Ra
L
cos0)
1/ 3
1
1
|
2
Ra
L
10
5
, 0
o
0!0
o
, (/ L12
Nu=Nu
hor
(
Nu
!er
Nu
hor
)
0/ f
/
(sinf
/
)
0/ 4f
/
, (/ L12 , 0
o
0f
/
Nu=Nu
!er
(sinf
/
)
1/ 4
, (/ L12 , f
/
0904 cual$uier (/ L
Rectan"'lares .erticales:
Nu=0.1
(
Pr
0.2+Pr
Ra
L
)
0.29
,

1<( / L2
Ra
L
Pr
(0.2+Pr )
>10
3

Nu=0.22
(
Pr
0.2+Pr
Ra
L
)
0.2
(
(
L
)
1/ 4
,

2<(/ L10
Ra
L
10
10

Nu=0.42 Ra
L
1/ 4
Pr
0.012
(
(
L
)
0.3
,

10(/ L40
10
4
Ra
L
10
!

cilindros conc$ntricos:

")=
2k
ef
ln ( D
o
/ D
i
)
(T
i
T
o
) , # /m|
L
c
=(D
0
D
i
)/2 , 10
2
*
cil
Ra
L
10
!
k
ef
k
=0.36
(
Pr
0.61+Pr
)
1/ 4
( *
cil
Ra
L
)
1/ 4
, *
cil
=
ln( D
o
/ D
i
)|
4
L
c
3
(D
i
3/ 5
+D
o
3/5
)
5
Esferas conc$ntricas:
5i 6ef 7 6 89 6ef 8 6

")=k
ef

(
D
i
D
o
L
c
)
(T
i
T
o
) , #|
L
c
=(D
0
D
i
)/2 , 10
2
*
esf
Ra
L
10
4
k
ef
k
=0.!4
(
Pr
0.61+Pr
)
1/ 4
( *
esf
Ra
L
)
1/ 4
, *
esf
=
L
c
( D
i
D
o
)
4
( D
i
!/5
+D
o
!/ 5
)
5
istemas concentrados
:i80;c<=
>$todo de resistencia desprecia-le
0
0
i
=e
t
hA
s
pV c
Esferas sol'cin 'nidimensional
0
esf
=C
1
e
\
1
2
*o

sin (\
1
r /r
0
)
\
1
r/ r
0
|
, 0
04esf
=C
1
e
\
1
2
*o
0
esf
0
04 esf
=
sin (\
1
r /r
0
)
\
1
r/ r
0