STRENGTH (kcal/mole) BOND TYPE Covalent Noncovalent: ionic hydrogen LENGTH (nm) IN VACUUM IN WATER 0.15 0.25 0.

30 90 80 4 90 3 1

van der Waals attraction (per atom)

0.35

0.1

0.1

PERCENT OF NUMBER OF TYPES TOTAL CELL WEIGHT OF EACH MOLECULE Water Inorganic ions Sugars and precursors Amino acids and precursors Nucleotides and precursors Fatty acids and precursors 70 1 1 0.4 0.4 1 1 20 250 100 100 50

Other small molecules

Macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides)

0.2
26

~300
~3000

 Fuente de energa (glucosa, glucgeno)

Soporte mecnico (celulosa, quitina, N-acetilglucosamina) Reconocimiento celular (glucolpidos, glucoprotenas) cidos nuclicos (ARN, ADN)

 Fuente de energa (cidos grasos, triacilglicerol)

Membranas biolgicas (fosfolpidos, colesterol) Sealizacin intercelular (esteroides)

 Protenas
Sealizacin intercelular (neurotransmisores) Fuente de energa

 cidos nuclicos (ARN, ADN)

Sealizacin intracelular (AMPc) Fuente de energa qumica (ATP)