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Characteristics of Mazama Ash Soils

50 40 depths (cm) 30 20 10 0 S oil D epth D uff D epth R hiz om e D epth M ois ture (% ) S oil Tem p C 8.50 1.98 6.21 9.23 44.89

S o il C h a ra c te ris tic s o f M a z a m a A s h S o ils in th e R e d Zo n e o f th e U p p e r C h e w a u c a n W a te rs h e d , 2 0 0 8

The scenario occurring during the destruction of soil structure by fire is:
Soil structure collapses Reduces soil porosity Soil surface compacted by raindrops Soil pores become partially or totally sealed Impenetrable soil surface reduces infiltration rates, producing rapid runoff and hill slope erosion

Stand Density
Predominantly Lodgepole Pine Western Mountain Pine Beetles Effect
Basal area reduced from 300 to around 100 Living trees reduced from 400 to 120, leaving around 280 standing snags per acre

Soil Heating Process

Research Procedure

Water Holding Capacity Results


C o m p a ris o n o f W a te r H o ld in g C a p a c ity o f M a z a m a A s h S B u rn e d fo r 5 m in u te s a t V a rio u s T e m p e ra tu re s
70.00 60.00 water holding capacity (%) 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 2 0 C Te s t in g 1 0 0 C Te s t in g 2 0 0 C Te s t in g 4 0 0 C Te s t in g 57.63 58.02 51.39

46.01

Percolation Rate Results

C o m p a ris o n o f P e rc o la tio n R a te s in M a z a m a A s h S o ils B u fo r 5 m in u te s a t In c re a s in g T e m p e ra tu re s


4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 3 .67 3.03

percolation ratio (g/s)

0.73

0 .72

2 0 C Te s t in g

1 0 0 C Te s t in g

2 0 0 C Te s t in g

4 0 0 C Te s t in g

Turbidity Results

100 C Turbidity: 200 Cloudy

200 C Turbidity: 50 Colored

400 C Turbidity: 10 Clear

Samples added to 500ml of water, agitated for 5 minutes and sat for 1 minute before photographs were taken.

Bacteria Results
C o m p a ris o n o f B a c te ria l C o u n ts a t V a rio u s D e p th s in M a z a m a As h S o ils F o llo w in g B u rn in g fo r 5 m in u te s a t V a rio u s T e m p e ra tu re s , 2 0 0 8
30000 mean bacterial count 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 20 C
8 0 0 2400 0 00 0 240 2400 24000 0 2400 24000 1800 0 24000 16000

S urfac e 2.5c m 5c m

100 C

200 C

400 C

Effects of Heat on Soil Structure

20 C

100 C

200 C

600 C

800 C

Conclusion
Soil can be significantly changes at temperatures of 200 C
Hydrocarbons in pine needles bind soil particles together, increasing plasticity of soils.
Increased erosion, decreased nutrients and water storage

Water repellent layers become a major soil feature at 400 C Soil Biota is killed within the first inch

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