Presented by:SHAIKH AZHAR BHAMBURE VINAYAK 3. 9.

GLOBAL WARMING.

An increase in the earth's atmospheric and oceanic temperatures widely predicted to occur due to an increase in the greenhouse effect resulting especially from pollution. The suns heat gets
3

Global surface temperature increased 0.74 0.18C ( 1.33 0.32F ) during the last century. Certain gases are transparent to visible light but absorb infrared 1. Called greenhouse gases 2. Include water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) Greenhouse gases allow sunlight to pass through and warm the surface When the Earth emits infrared, it is absorbed and reemitted (trapped) by the greenhouse gases 4

GREEN HOUSE EFFECT.

GREENHOUSE GASES
Water vapor(36-70%) Carbon dioxide (CO )(9-26%) 2 Natural

Methane (CH4)(4-9%.) Nitrous oxide (N2O)

Hydro-fluoro-carbons (HFCs) Manmade Per-fluoro-carbons (PFCs) Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)

NATURAL AND AMPLIFIED WARMING

GLOBAL SCENARIO OF TEMPERATURE:-

THE TIES BETWEEN SARDINES & GLOBAL WARMING:

The over-hunting of sardines has caused higher levels of phytoplankton in the ocean.

While living, phytoplankton release oxygen into the atmosphere and us Carbon for photosynthesis.

When they die, their decay release large amounts of methane and the poisonous gas, hydrogen sulfide. It also uses large amounts of oxygen.

Methane is 21 times more effective 9

Energy utilization

5% 3%

18%

11%

9% 11%

39% 4%

F r i d g T V F a n C o m p uAt eC r H e a t e r / G A yp sp el ira n Lc ieg sh t e e

10

11

12

IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Forests

Biodiversity

Impact of rise in temperature of 1.8oC to 4oC

Agriculture

Coastlines
13

EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING

More carbon dioxide -> increase in plant growth. The increase in temperature -> rise in sea level from melting glaciers and polar ice caps (adds 0.2 mm annually) Rising temperatures will also cause drier conditions in many 14

WORLDWIDE GLACIAL MELTING, CAUSING 2/3 OF SEA LEVEL RISE OF AN INCH A DECADE.

15

GLOBAL IMPACTS

The largest glacier on Mount Kenya has lost 92% of its mass Sea levels have risen by 10 - 25 cm. The Larsen area of North Antarctic, South of Chili and Argentina have lost more than 5,200 sq miles of area. The thickness of sea ice in the arctic has decreased by 40%.

The Common Murre has advanced breeding by 24 days per decade over the past 50 years in

16

GLOBAL WARMING >>>>>> LAND ANIMALS

Polar bears are also facing extinction due to melting of polar ice Global warming can disrupt the migration, hibernation and reproductive cycles of certain types of animals. Farmland or cities interrupt the movement of species between habitats. Due to melting of ice, life cycle of Penguins is getting disturbed, leading to their Extinction. The penguin population near Antarctica has

been declining as the distance between them and their food has increased.

17

GLOBAL WARMING >>>>>> SEA LIFE

GLOBAL WARMINGS NEGATIVE IMPACT ON SEA LIFE

Change in temperature and elevated sea level cause loss of algae in the coral. Coral appears bleached. white, or

Result is mass death of sea animals, which are dependent on the coral reef. The penguin population near Antarctica has been declining 18 as the distance between

The atmospheres ultimate fate is unclear.

More evaporation increase in cloud cover

How High Will the Clouds Be?

It makes a difference!

Clouds close to the earth reflect sunlight cooling effect. Clouds high in the atmosphere trap heat warming effect.

Generally:

Cloud cover increases Levels of the greenhouse gas methane may increase Hurricanes range farther north, south on warmer water
19

CONSEQUENCES
The

consequences of global warming are: more storms, hurricanes, droughts, floods... Also, the sea levels may rise and some

20

GLOBAL WARMING >>>>>> HEALTH

Extreme temperatures can directly cause the loss of life (ex: 35,000 people died during heat wave in Europe, Aug03.) Warmer weather provides an ideal breeding environment for mosquitoes. Diseases such as West Nile will be more common. Global Warming increases drought High temperature can increase pollution of which lessens the supply of clean water and air, which harms the human body. drinking water.

Cholera

It increases temperature providing an ideal breeding environment for mosquitoes.

Dengue fever Malaria

Signed UNFCC on 10th June 1992 (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) India ratified the Kyoto protocol India has a National Action Plan on Climate Change

National Solar Mission National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency National Mission on Sustainable Habitat National Water Mission National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem National Mission for a Green India National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture National Mission on Strategic Mission on Climate Change
22

Rajasthan- Drought Rann of Kutch sea level rise. Mumbai-Salt water intrusion Kerala Productivity of Forest Tamil Nadu-Coral bleaching Ganges Sedimentation problem Sunderbans-Sea level raise Northwest India-reduction In rice yield

23

Kullu Valley, Himachal Pradesh Experienced a number of crop failures in the last 15 years Apple belt has moved 30 kilometers [northwards] over the last 50 years Apple growers, says attributed poor production to reduced snowfall and its changed timing. Forest resources were removed .

24

Himalayan source of the Ganga is drying up at a rate of 40 yards a year, nearly twice as fast as two decades ago, and that some of these glaciers might disappear by 2030. In the dry summer months, the Gangotri glacier provides up to 70 percent of the water of the Ganga. According to a UN climate report, the shrinking glaciers also threaten Asias supply of fresh water.

urce: New Indian Express

25

The Satavaya region, once a cluster of seven villages. Only two out of the seven villages exists the other five villages have been submerged. The Coastal villages have been affected by cyclone and floods killing more than 30,000 people. The sea has ingressed to about 1.5 km into Satavaya and 2.5 km into Kanakpur. Satavaya has also lost 56% of its mangrove vegetation.

26

3Rs
of Saving Mother Nature

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle!

Sav e US ...

28