Networks, Network operating systems

PPT 8.2.1

Networking - Basics

Network defined The difference between Standalone and networked Systems Advantages of networking Disadvantages of networking Why use network

To share information To Share hardware and software Centralizing administration

PPT 8.2.2

Types of networks

Classification based on geographical area

LAN WAN

PPT 8.2.3

Local Area Networks

Limited geographic area High speed and error free data transmission Not expensive

PPT 8.2.4

Wide Area Networks

Connects computers over states, countries etc., Unlimited geographical coverage More sophisticated Connects LANs and MANs Expensive technology
PPT 8.2.5

Network configuration

Classification based on how computers behave in a network Two classifications are

Peer-to-Peer network Server based network

PPT 8.2.6

Peer-to-Peer network

Nodes provide and request services User in each node administers resources No extra investment Easy to setup Very weak security Additional load on nodes
PPT 8.2.7

Server based network

Designated computer to administer Resources centralized Supports larger networks Strong security Expensive

PPT 8.2.8

Network hardware

Hub Cables Connectors Switches Routers

PPT 8.2.9

Hub

Standard component in network Types

Active, Passive Manageable

Easier administration Centralized monitoring of network

PPT 8.2.10

Cables

Wires the LAN, usually Transmit signals through network Different cable considerations according to need Types

Co-axial Twisted Pair Fiber-optic

PPT 8.2.11

Co-axial cable

Most trusted in earlier networks Carries data as electromagnetic signals Good resistance against interference
PPT 8.2.12

Twisted pair

Pair of insulated copper wires Types

Shielded(STP) Unshielded(UTP)

UTP common in LAN Max. cable length 100 meters

PPT 8.2.13

Fiber optic cables

Core cylinder of glass Not subject to interference Transfer rate more than 100 mbps Expensive

PPT 8.2.14

Connectors for UTP

RJ 11 and RJ 45 RJ11 in telephone cables 4 cable connections RJ45 in LAN cables 8 cable connections
PPT 8.2.15

Network adapter card

Prepares data from computer for network and sends Receives data from network and translates for computer
PPT 8.2.16

Using IP address

Two methods

Two components

Static addressing Using DHCP

Network ID Host ID

3 classes

Class A networks Class B networks Class C networks

PPT 8.2.17

Network troubleshooting

In case of problems

Check Check Check Check

Physical connection first power supply in the hub sample packet transfer configuration

PPT 8.2.18

Network operating systems

Co-ordinates hardware and software Ties together all computers and peripherals Provides security by controlling access to resources and peripherals shared Manages users
PPT 8.2.19

Network operating systems available

Windows NT Windows 2000 & Windows Server 2003 Netware from Novell Unix Apple Macintosh

PPT 8.2.20

Shares

Sharing allows access to resources over network Folders and devices are directly shared; not files or programs Permissions for access can be assigned to users and groups Level of permission can be varied

PPT 8.2.21

User accounts
Local User Accounts

Enable users to log on and access resources on a specific computer

Domain User Accounts

Enable users to log on to the domain to gain access to network resources Reside in Active Directory Enable users to perform administrative tasks or gain temporary access to network resources Reside in SAM (local built-in user accounts) Reside in Active Directory (domain built-in user accounts)

Built-in User Accounts

PPT 8.2.22

User Access issues

Domain Logon Access verification Grant/deny access

PPT 8.2.23

Password Security

Do not allow blank passwords Assign a Password for the Administrator Account Determine Who Has Control over Passwords Educate Users on How to Use Passwords

Avoid obvious associations, such as a family name Use long passwords Use a combination of uppercase and lowercase characters

PPT 8.2.24

Installing network printer

Involves

Installing the printer Configuring Sharing Administering

PPT 8.2.25

This completes the unit

Thank you