ARCHITECTURAL GRAPHICS

Types of Projection Drawings, Classifications & Definitions:

Prepared by: R Chenoweth Sources: Architectural Drawing Patten and Rogness Third Edition, 1969

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Projection Drawings Types

Orthographic Oblique
Perspective

Orthographic: Multi-View

Plans, Elevations, Sections All sides of the form are parallel to the drawing surface.

This means the drawings are represented without distortion or foreshortening.

Orthographic: Multi-view

The primary drawings used in Architecture are Multi-view: Plans Sections Elevation

Orthographic: Axonometric 3 types

Three faces of a rectangular object are shown in one drawing.

Trimetric

All axes make different angles with picture plane

Two axes make equal angles with picture plane The three axes make equal angles with picture plane

Dimetric

Isometric

Oblique Projection

Three faces of a rectangular object are shown in one drawing. The front face of the object is the same as the front picture plane of a multi-view orthographic. Most practical when intricate detail or contour appear in the front face.

Oblique Projections

Exploded drawings often are Oblique rather than axonometric. This allows for circles and arcs to be shown true if they are on the parallel or front face.

Oblique: Cavalier & Cabinet

Cavalier Oblique drawing

Used when distortion is acceptable Each face is drawn at full scale Quickest to draw to scale.

Cabinet Oblique drawing

Most often seen The front face is drawn at full scale The side & top are typically at 1/2 scale Does not show as much side & top detail as the General

Oblique: General

General Oblique drawing

Used when distortion is NOT acceptable The front face is drawn at full scale The side & top are typically 2/3 or 3/4 scale

Perspective projections

Perspective is what the eye sees All three dimensions (length, width, and height) become smaller for the parts of the object that are farther from the viewer or camera. This kind of drawing indicates depth or distance even with the use of a simple linear perspective.

Perspective: One-point

A One-point perspective maintains one face parallel to the picture plane. One vanishing point is used.

Perspective: Two-point

A Two-point perspective has each vertical face oblique to the picture plane. Two vanishing points are used.

Perspective: Three-point

A Three-point perspective has each vertical face oblique to the picture plane. Three vanishing points are used.