Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Situations Construction of the tenses, the past participle Affirmative form of the verb Negative form of the verb Interrogative form of the verb Clauses Review
Homework keys
By this time next summer, you will have completed your studies and will have found a job. I, on the other hand, I will have accomplished anything. I will be studying and you will be working in some new high paying job. Michael: Do you think the Republicans or the Democrats are going to win the next election? Jane: I think the Republicans are going to win the next election. John: No way! The Democrats are going to win . I am sick of rain and bad weather! Hopefully, when we wake up tomorrow morning, the sun will be shining . If you need to contact me sometime next week, I will be staying at the Sheraton in San Francisco. Susan: We are going to go camping this weekend. Would you like to come along? Sam: That sounds great, but I don't have a sleeping bag. Susan: No problem. I will lend you one. My family has tons of camping gear.
Lets Begin
3. for facts which are permanently true The sun sets in the west.
Desired result I have washed the car. The car is clean now
Desired result I have washed the car. The car is clean now
Present Continuous is used: 1. for temporary situations It is raining today and they are staying in the house.
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous The process, the duration I have been writing for an hour.
2. for actions happening at or around the time of speaking He is looking for a new job at the moment. 3. with always to express annoyance or criticism You are always watching football match on TV .
Desired result I have washed the car. The car is clean now
Side effect Why are you so wet? - I have been washing the car.
3. for facts which are permanently true The sun sets in the west.
in the morning/evening/
in the morning/evening/
in the morning/evening/
in the morning/evening/
in the morning/evening/
tonight this week/ month/year We are going out tonight. I'm cleaning my .apartment this week
Present Perfect Continuous how long Since for I have been writing for an hour.
Present continuous Present Perfect now at the moment At the moment i'm walking in the park. how often... times
tonight this week/ month/year We are going out tonight. I'm cleaning my apartment this week
Homework!
Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) on a tropical beach in Maui drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple. Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) out over this marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard? Samantha: I 'll manage somehow. Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you? Samantha: No. But I (send) you a postcard of a beautiful, white sand beach. Darren: Great, that (make) me feel much better. Oliver: When are going to get your bachelor's degree, Anne? Anne: I am going to finish my degree next June. By the time I graduate, I (go) to four different colleges and universities, and I (study) for more than seven years. Oliver: Wow, that's a long time! Anne: And I plan to continue on to get a Ph.D.
Interrogative form to have (corresponding form in present simple)+ Subject + past participle
Have you washed the dishes yet?
Video Time!
LINKhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cEXwjclU0Q8
Interrupted action in the past Specific Time as an Interruption With "always" to express annoyance or criticism Parallel actions To illustrate the atmosphere To express politeness
Tenses review
Past Simple
We can use the past simple to talk about actions and states which we see as completed in the past.
Tenses review
Past Simple Past Continuous
We can use the past simple to talk about actions and states which we see as completed in the past.
We can use the past continuous to talk about past events which went on for a period of time.
He told me all about his I was walking in the childhood. street when I suddenly fell over.
Tenses review
Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect
We can use the past simple to talk about actions and states which we see as completed in the past.
We can use the past continuous to talk about past events which went on for a period of time.
We can use the past perfect simple to talk about what happened before a point in the past. It looks back from a point in the past to further in the past. I thought we had already decided on a name for this product.
He told me all about his I was walking in the childhood. street when I suddenly fell over.
Tenses review
Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous
We can use the past perfect continuous to look back at a situation in progress.
We can use the past simple to talk about actions and states which we see as completed in the past.
We can use the past continuous to talk about past events which went on for a period of time.
We can use the past perfect simple to talk about what happened before a point in the past. It looks back from a point in the past to further in the past. I thought we had already decided on a name for this product.
He told me all about his I was walking in the childhood. street when I suddenly fell over.
Yesterday Last... ...Ago Time and date indicators in 1990/ at 5 pm/ on Sunday
Always Before Used with "always or By constantly to express Already annoyance or criticism While -To talk about parallel actions As To talk about actions as a background for the main action
Subject + (verb "to be" (corresponding form in the past) ) + present participle (verb-ing) I was working
Subject + (verb "to be" (corresponding form in the past) ) + present participle (verb-ing) I was working
We had left
Subject + (verb "to be" (corresponding form in the past) ) + present participle (verb-ing) I was working
We had left
Subject+auxiliary verb "to do" in past simple (negative form)+ verb (infinitive) I did not enjoy the film
Subject+auxiliary verb "to do" in past simple (negative form)+ verb (infinitive) I did not enjoy the film
Subject + (verb "to be" (corresponding form in the past) )+not + present participle (verb-ing) I was not working
Subject+auxiliary verb "to do" in past simple (negative form)+ verb (infinitive) I did not enjoy the film
Subject + (verb "to be" (corresponding form in the past) )+not + present participle (verb-ing) I was not working
Subject+auxiliary verb "to do" in past simple (negative form)+ verb (infinitive) I did not enjoy the film
Subject + (verb "to be" (corresponding form in the past) )+not + present participle (verb-ing) I was not working
Subject + Auxiliary verb Subject + Auxiliary verb had+ not + Past Participle had+not + Auxiliary verb been + Present participle We had not left It had not been snowing
auxiliary verb "to do" in past simple + Subject+ verb (infinitive) Did you to the gym yesterday?
auxiliary verb "to do" in past simple + Subject+ verb (infinitive) Did you to the gym yesterday?
auxiliary verb "to do" in past simple + Subject+ verb (infinitive) Did you to the gym yesterday?
auxiliary verb "to do" in past simple + Subject+ verb (infinitive) Did you to the gym yesterday?
Non-Continuous Verbs
Abstract Verbs to be, to want, to cost, to seem, to need, to care, to contain, to owe, to exist... Possession Verbs to possess, to own, to belong... Emotion Verbs to like, to love, to hate, to dislike, to fear, to envy, to mind...
Mixed Verbs
to appear: to have: to hear to look to miss to see to smell to taste to think to weigh
Some Verbs Can Be Especially Confusing: to be Please NOTE: "to be" is rarely used in a continuous form. This is most commonly done when a person is temporarily behaving badly or stereotypically. It can also be used when someone's behavior is noticeably different. (Example: She was acting like a brat) to feel
Future Simple To Express a Voluntary Action: A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else, Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. I will not do your homework for you.
Future Simple To Express a Voluntary Action: A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else, Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. I will not do your homework for you. Usually used in promises. If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance
Future Simple To Express a Voluntary Action: A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else, Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. I will not do your homework for you. Usually used in promises. If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance "Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
Future Simple To Express a Voluntary Action: A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else, Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. I will not do your homework for you. Usually used in promises. If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance "Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii. To Express a Prediction Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
Future Simple To Express a Voluntary Action: A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else, Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. I will not do your homework for you. Usually used in promises. If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance "Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii. To Express a Prediction Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
Future Continuous An indication that that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter action in the future. I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight.
Future Simple To Express a Voluntary Action: A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else, Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. I will not do your homework for you. Usually used in promises. If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance "Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii. To Express a Prediction Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
Future Continuous An indication that that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter action in the future. I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight. In the Future Continuous, a specific time interrupts the action. She will be reading a book at 6 oclock
Future Simple To Express a Voluntary Action: A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else, Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. I will not do your homework for you. Usually used in promises. If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance "Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii. To Express a Prediction Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
Future Continuous An indication that that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter action in the future. I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight. In the Future Continuous, a specific time interrupts the action. She will be reading a book at 6 oclock Two actions happening at the same time: expresses the idea that both actions will be happening at the same time. The actions are parallel. I am going to be studying and he is going to be making dinner.
Future Simple To Express a Voluntary Action: A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else, Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. I will not do your homework for you. Usually used in promises. If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance "Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii. To Express a Prediction Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
Future Continuous An indication that that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter action in the future. I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight. In the Future Continuous, a specific time interrupts the action. She will be reading a book at 6 oclock Two actions happening at the same time: expresses the idea that both actions will be happening at the same time. The actions are parallel. I am going to be studying and he is going to be making dinner. To describe atmosphere at a specific point in the future. When I arrive at the party, everybody is going to be celebrating. Some will be dancing. Others are going to be talking.
Future Perfect The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future. By next November, I will have received my promotion.
Future Perfect The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future. By next November, I will have received my promotion. With Non-Continuous Verbs and some noncontinuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Future Perfect to show that something will continue up until another action in the future. I will have been in London for six months by the time I leave.
Future Perfect The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future. By next November, I will have received my promotion. With Non-Continuous Verbs and some noncontinuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Future Perfect to show that something will continue up until another action in the future. I will have been in London for six months by the time I leave.
Future Perfect Cont. We use the Future Perfect Continuous to show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Friday" are all durations which can be used with the Future Perfect Continuous. They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives.
Future Perfect The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future. By next November, I will have received my promotion. With Non-Continuous Verbs and some noncontinuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Future Perfect to show that something will continue up until another action in the future. I will have been in London for six months by the time I leave.
Future Perfect Cont. We use the Future Perfect Continuous to show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Friday" are all durations which can be used with the Future Perfect Continuous. They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives. Using the Future Perfect Continuous before another action in the future is a good way to show cause and effect. Jason will be tired when he gets home because he will have been jogging for over an hour.
Time Expressions
Future Simple next week / month / year / April, June, etc. in + year / month tomorrow / tomorrow afternoon / tomorrow evening in + period of time + (time)
Time Expressions
Future Simple
Future Cont.
next week / month / at + time year / April, June, etc. while in + year / month tomorrow / tomorrow afternoon / tomorrow evening in + period of time + (time)
Time Expressions
Future Simple
Future Cont.
next week / month / at + time year / April, June, etc. while in + year / month tomorrow / tomorrow afternoon / tomorrow evening in + period of time + (time)
Clauses
Clauses
REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses In all Future tenses, the future form cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead, a present tense is used
Clauses
Clauses Examples
REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses In all Future tenses, the future form cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead, a present tense is used
I am going to see a movie when I will have finished my homework. Not Correct I am going to see a movie when I have finished my homework. Correct
Be going to
1) planned actions in the future We are going to sing at the party.
Be going to
1) planned actions in the future We are going to sing at the party.
2) You are certain that sth. is going to happen in the future. Look at this car! It is going to crash into the yellow one.
With Will
With Be going to
Future Cont.
[Subject + will be + present participle] You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight. [Subject + am/is/are + going to be + present participle] You are going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
With Will
With Be going to
Future Cont.
[Subject + will be + present participle] You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
Future Perfect
[Subject + will have + past participle] You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S. Subject + [am/is/are + going to have + past participle] You are going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
[am/is/are + going to + verb] You are going to meet Jane tonight. With Be going to
[Subject + am/is/are + going to be + present participle] You are going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
Future Cont.
[Subject + will be + present participle] You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
Future Perfect
[Subject + will have + past participle] You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S. Subject + [am/is/are + going to have + past participle] You are going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
[am/is/are + going to + verb] You are going to meet Jane tonight. With Be going to
[Subject + am/is/are + going to be + present participle] You are going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
[am/is/are + going to have been + present participle] You are going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
1. While you (study) at home, Magda (be) in class. 2. When I (get) to the party, Sally and Doug (dance) , John (make) drinks, Sue and Frank (discuss) something controversial, and Mary (complain) about something unimportant. They are always doing the same things. They are so predictable.
5. If you (need) to contact me sometime next week, I (stay) at the Sheraton in San Francisco.
1. While you (study) at home, Magda (be) in class. 2. When I (get) to the party, Sally and Doug (dance) , John (make) drinks, Sue and Frank (discuss) something controversial, and Mary (complain) about something unimportant. They are always doing the same things. They are so predictable.
5. If you (need) to contact me sometime next week, I (stay) at the Sheraton in San Francisco.
Final Exercise
1. When Carol (call) last night, I (watch) my favorite show on television. 2. I (work) for this company for more than thirty years, and I intend to stay here until I retire! 3. Sharon (love) to travel. She (go) abroad almost every summer. Next year, she plans to go to Peru. 4. Thomas is an author. He (write) mystery novels and travel memoirs. He (write) since he was twenty-eight. Altogether, he (write) seven novels, three collections of short stories and a book of poetry. 5. We were late because we had some car problems. By the time we (get) to the train station, Susan (wait) for us for more than two hours. 6. Sam (try) to change a light bulb when he (slip) and (fell) .
HOMEWORK!
1. Everyday I (wake) up at 6 o'clock, (eat) breakfast at 7 o'clock and (leave) for work at 8 o'clock. However, this morning I (get) up at 6:30, (skip) breakfast and (leave) for work late because I (forget) to set my alarm. 1. Right now, Jim (read) the newspaper and Kathy (make) dinner. Last night at this time, they (do) the same thing. She (cook) and he (read) the newspaper. Tomorrow at this time, they (do, also) the same thing. She (prepare) dinner and he (read) . They are very predictable people! 1. By this time next summer, you (complete) your studies and (find) a job. I, on the other hand, (accomplish, not) anything. I (study, still) and you (work) in some new high paying job. 1. The students (be, usually) taught by Mrs. Monty. However, this week they (be) taught by Mr. Tanzer.
, , .
NEXT LESSON!
Present Simple & Present Continuous for the future, Future Simple & be going to