MICROWAVE CAD TOOLS

Group Members : SUMEET .S. NESARIKAR(2GI08EC105) SUPRIYA .C. KAGI(2GI08EC106) SUPRIYA DESHPANDE(2GI08EC107) SEMINAR GUIDE: Proff. D .A. Torse

Contents
Introduction to CAD tools Introduction to IE3D software Implementation of IE3D

Introduction

CAD stands for Computer Aided Design Microwave CAD softwares are software's that use computer technology to aid in the design, modeling, and simulation of an microwave product. There are many microwave CAD tools available till date. Two of such important microwave CAD softwares are:

IE3D MICROWAVE STUDIO

IE3D
INTRODUCTION: IE3D from Mentor Graphics, formerly Zeland Software is the first SCALABLE EM design and verification platform that delivers the modeling accuracy for the combined needs of high-frequency circuit design and signal integrity engineers across multiple design domains. IE3D is an integral equation and method of moment based EM simulator. IE3D mainly focuses on general planar and 3D metallic structures in layered dielectric environments. It is extremely efficient, accurate and flexible for such structures.

IE3D can also model full 3D dielectric structures such as patch antennas with finite substrates and dielectric resonator antennas. IE3D is not just a simulation tool but also a design tool. It can do real-time EM tuning and optimization.

Implementation of IE3D
Ie3d

for antennas

We use polygons to describe the shape of an antenna or a circuit. Two terminals are involved in a port. However, you may only need to define one terminal for a port when you have an infinite ground plane serving as the reference automatically.

Double precision floating point numbers are used to describe polygon vertices. We can model arbitrarily shaped structures precisely on IE3D. There is no need to snap the vertices or the meshing to grids. Two polygons are considered to be electrically connected only when they have one or more common edges. Overlapped polygons are not considered connected. In case multiple polygons are overlapped. IE3D will automatically detect them. It will allow you to clean them optionally. In case you do not clean them on the layout editor, they will be cleaned automatically on the simulation engine.
Polygons (a,b,c,d) and Polygons (a,b,c,d) and (1,2,3,4) (1,2,3,4,5,6) are connected are not connected even they are because of common edge (b,c) or overlapped (5,6) 1 2 1 2 a b 6 a b d 3 c 5 4 d 3 4 c 3

Polygons (a,b,c,d) and (1,2,3,4) are not connected because of no common edge 1 2 b

c 4

Major editing window is the top view and drawing is on layers. A 3D polygon can be entered with some vertices on one layer and some vertices on other layers. Please understand that there are two layer systems on IE3D: (1) substrate layers defined in Basic Parameters. They are very critical because they are part of the structure. (2) metallic layers on the Layer Window on the right of the layout editor. They are not critical. They are just for geometry editing only. Many advanced editing commands allowing users to create and edit complicated planar and 3D geometry shapes.
Mouse driven editing on top view 3D View for display and 3D polygons entered as vertices on different layers

3 2 1 2 3 1

Major Application Programs

MGRID IE3DLIBRARY
Layout editor, s-parameters post-processor, current distribution and near field post processor. It is the major GUI program of the package. It will be renamed as IE3D EM Design System in IE3D V14 with a fully integrated environment. It is the 2nd layout editor with high level geometry parameterization and Boolean operations. You can use it for tuning of optimization of very complicated structures such as an elliptical patch with a circular hole with varying dimensions etc. It is the 3rd layout editor. In fact, it is not for you to edit geometry. It is more for you to create full-3D IE3D geometry including wire bonds, vias, thick metal, solder balls and ports directly from layered polygons in standard industrial formats (GDSII etc.). Display, comparison and processing of radiation patterns and pattern related parameters. IE3D simulation engine doing the number crunching. It is automatically called by other programs such as MGRID, AGIF, etc. Users cant see it from the desktop. You can only see it from Task Manager while you are running an IE3D simulation. It is the optional mixed frequency and time domain circuit simulator. It can take RLC and sparameters as elements for circuit simulation. IE3DGDSIIDXFACISGERBER converter (available on IE3D MM08x and optional on other editions). An optional simple transmission line calculator (Basic edition free) Network based distributed IE3D simulation and optimization service allowing multi-frequency simulation or optimization to be distributed into the whole network. It is manager for local and network distributed IE3D simulations. It has replaced the Zeland Simulation Queue for scheduled and batch IE3D and FIDELITY EM simulations.

AGIF PATTERNVIEW IE3DOS

MDSPICE ADIX LINEGAUGE ZDS/ZDM Jobs Manager

Layout and Geometry Tools

IE3DLIBRARY: Library based layout tool. Easy for parameterization. AGIF: Automatic links to GDSII, Cadence Virtuoso, Allegro and APD

MGRID: Polygon based geometry editing with great flexibility in general shapes and details. Limited parameterization. The base of IE3D layout and geometry editing.

Polygon Based Layout Editor Configuration

Status window for the current editing mode

Top View Window for Editing

Information bar for additional information

Metallic or polygon Layer window for the polygon layers

Polygon Layout Editor Menu System

Major Menu Edit Param

Functionality
Some simple editing commands for polygons and vertices. Change and setup of basic parameters and optional parameters. Basic parameters including substrates (top and bottom grounds), metallic types, enclosures, geometry entry grid sizes, finite dielectrics properties. Optional parameters control the default setups for geometry editing, simulation accuracy and efficiency. Handling vertex entry and manipulation. More and advanced editing features for polygons and vertices. Creation of pre-defined objects as polygons in one shot Define and edit ports. Define and edit optimization variables for EM optimization and tuning. Meshing, simulation and optimization setup, invoking other applications for displaying s-parameters, current distribution and patterns. Setup the 2D and 3D views. Accessing online help and the IE3D Users Manual with indexed vocabulary.

Input Adv Edit Entity Port Optim Process View Help

Major Editing Modes

Polygon Handling:
Draw

Select Polygon

Select Polygon Group Select Vertices

Mode Draw

Command Edit->Draw

Function Allow drawing vertices and polygons using mouse and keyboard Allow selecting a polygon by clicking at it.

Select Polygon

Edit->Select Polygon

Select Polygon Group

Edit->Select Polygon Group Edit->Select Vertices

Allow selecting a group of polygons by windowing them. Allow selecting a group of vertices by windowing them. Allow no mouse entry

Select Vertices

No Entry

When above commands unchecked

More Comments on Drawing and Selections

Drawing:

You can use mouse to draw a series vertices:

Close the vertices for a polygon. Adv Edit->Build Path for building a path (final results in polygons). Adv Edit->Build Wire Path for building a tube like wire (final results in polygons).

Most related commands for drawing vertices are in the Input menu. You can select some polygons and do geometry modeling on them. Most related commands are in the Edit and Adv Edit menus.

Select Polygon and Select Polygon Group Modes:

 Select

Vertices Mode:

You can select some vertices and move them to change the shape of a geometry. Most related commands are in the Edit and Adv Edit menus.

No

Specific Select Edge Mode: and Selection Modes Based Upon

To select an edge, you should select the 2 vertices of an edge in Select Vertices mode.

Drawing

Layers:

Please pay special attention to the Layer Window.

Major Editing Modes

Different Kinds of Commands Convenient for Different Kinds of Ports:

Mode
Define Port

Command
Port->Define Port

Functionality
Define a port by clicking at an edge on the current editing layer.

Port for Edge Group Port->Port for Edge Groups Define a port by windowing a group of linked edges on different checked layers. A 3D edge is selected if the 3D polygon layer is checked and all the layers its vertices on are checked. Select Polygon or Port->Selected Rectangles Define a group of connected horizontal rectangles (not necessary to Select Polygon for Horizontal Localized be completely horizontal with constant Z) as a horizontal localized Group Port port Select Vertices Port->Selected Edges for Define an extension port on a group of selected edges. An edge is Extension Port considered to be selected if both its vertices are selected. The selected edges must be linked. They cant be separated from each other. The layout editor will build necessary polygons.

Select Polygon or Port->Selected Rectangles Define a group of connected vertical rectangles as a vertical Select Polygon for Vertical Localized Ports localized port. Group Select Vertices Port->Selected Edges for Define a horizontal localized port between two groups of selected Horizontal Localized Port edges. The layout editor will build necessary polygons for the port

Define Port Port for Edge Group Selected Rectangles for Horizontal Localized Port

APPLICATIONS OF IE3D

Microwave circuits and MMIC. RF circuits, LTCC circuits and RFIC. Microwave, RF and wireless antennas. RFID tag antennas. HTS filters. Printed Circuit Boards. Electronic packaging and signal integrity. EMC and EMI. Many other low to high frequency structures.

Microwave studio

MICROWAVE STUDIO (CST MWS) is a specialist tool for the 3D EM simulation of high frequency components. CST MWS' unparalleled performance making it first choice in technology leading R&D departments. CST MWS enables the fast and accurate analysis of high frequency (HF) devices such as antennas, filters, couplers, planar and multi-layer structures and SI and EMC effects. Exceptionally user friendly, CST MWS quickly gives you an insight into the EM behavior of your high frequency designs.

MICROWAVE STUDIO
CST

promotes Complete Technology for 3D EM. Users of our software are given great flexibility in tackling a wide application range through the variety of available solver technologies CST MICROWAVE STUDIO is seen by an increasing number of engineers as an industry standard development tool.

Applications of microwave studio

Microwave

studio is used in Patch antenna

design.

Conclusion

IE3D is a very capable EM simulation and Optimization package for both 2.5D and 3D antenna modeling. Its accuracy and efficiency are proven by wide range industrial verifications. The geometry modeling is extremely capable and we can not demonstrate all of them in this course note. Interested users should try to explore it from the users manual and using the software. More information can be found in the Zeland Virtual Training on the web-site. Full functional free evaluation license is available on the web site.

THANK YOU