Unmanned Aircraft Systems - UAS Enabling Americas Next Generation of Aviation Vehicles 30th Annual FAA Aviation Forecast

Conference Washington, DC
March 18, 2005

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The trouble with the future is that it usually arrives before were ready for it.
Arnold H. Glasow

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Creating the Future

When asked, To what point do you think airplanes will be developed?

There is no way of telling. Things are moving too fast. No one can predict where it will end.
Orville Wright, January 1938 Celebration in his honor on the 34th anniversary of the first flight.

UASs are Experiencing Similar Growth as Early Aviation

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Two UAS Perspectives

Viewed as a Disruptive Technology
-or-

A Positive Step in the Evolution of Aeronautics

Radar Jet propulsion GPS ?Unmanned flight?

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A Glimpse of the Future A Part of the Aviation Revolution

Unlimited Applications Military/Security
Defense

Civil

Defense Natural Disasters Humanitarian Relief Environment Weather & Storm Tracking

Science

Commercial

Wireless Communications Precision Agriculture Cargo Transport

Dull, Dirty, Dangerous Missions

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Unmanned Aircraft System

A System Not limited to an Aircraft

Pilot

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A Global Challenge:
UAS Access to Civil Airspace Managing Expectations Domestic
International

Creating an Environment of Trust Making Positive Progress Making Communications and Collaborations Effective Outreach to Stakeholders
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Potential Joint Civil/DoD/DHS UAS Operating Environment

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Special Use Airspace & Flight Tracks

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UAS Assumptions
UAVs will need access to the NAS comparable to manned aircraft. DoD and DHS) will be first major UAS operators in the NAS. FAA must be alert to new challenges posed by small UAVs operating in increasing numbers at very low altitudes.

FAA should lead discussions with foreign airspace authorities to ensure global airspace harmonization and interoperability.
Source UNTF Report 10-22-04
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UAV Altitude/Classification
70K
60K

U-2

Global Hawk

HAE

50K

Heron 2 Predator B

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40K

30K 20K 10K

Medium
Heron 1 Eagle Eye, Fire scout, Hunter, Pioneer Predator A

10 20 30

Endurance (hours)

Tactical
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Significant Increases in UAV Operations in the National Airspace System are Inevitable Routine access into US civil managed airspace is necessary to fulfill operational and economic potential Significant increase in domestic UAS flight operations are feasible and expected UASs support societal needs, including security, defense and civil applications Technological advances will produce less expensive UASs Increasing public awareness and acceptance of UASs
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Source UNTF Report 10-22-04

UAS Operations in the NAS

High Altitude UASs will have Minimal Impact on Manned Aircraft Operations. Medium Altitude UASs Will Share the Same Airspace as Most Manned Civil Transports and Military Aircraft. Low Altitude UASs Will Share Airspace with Smaller Manned Aircraft, Including Helicopters.

Large Numbers of Very Low Altitude UASs

Source UNTF Report 10-22-04
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United States UAS Manufactures in 2002

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Federal Aviation Act of 1958

Directs FAA as the single manager of the National Airspace System (NAS) to develop and operate a common system of air traffic control and navigation for both civil and military aircraft.
Control the use of navigable airspace of the US and regulate both civil and military operations in such airspace in the interest of the safety and efficiency of both.
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Access 5 Partnership

AeroVironment Aurora Flight Sciences Boeing

General Atomics Northrop Grumman Lockheed Martin

www.access5.org www.unitealliance.com
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Fundamental Issues
Programmatic
Aircraft Airworthiness Civil Certification
Aircraft Operators Air Traffic Management (ATM)

Standards

Regulatory Preservation of the Safety and Sanctity of the NAS

FAA Acceptance ICAO Acceptance

Political How to Manage the Transition

U.S. International
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Funded Plan Focus on Steps 1 and 2

Special Airworthiness Certification Standard Certificate of Airworthiness

Current Funded Effort

Experimental Certification

Establish Type Certification Basis

STEP 4
Routine Operations Above FL 180 Through C, D, E Airspace Emergency to ROA Airport

STEP 2

STEP 3
Routine Operations Above FL 180 Through C, D, E Airspace

STEP 1
Routine Operations Above FL 180 Routine Through Restricted Operations Above Airspace FL 400 Through Restricted Airspace

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Achieve Routine Access in the NAS for HALE ROA

Overview of Activities in FY04

Secured major funding commitment for Steps 1 and 2
- $101 million by NASA; $36 million by industry

Fostered critical relationships for Project engagement

- Established vital relationships with government and current NAS users (e.g., FAA, DoD, DHS, JPDO, ALPA, AOPA, ATCA,NATCA) - UNITE Companies & NASA Sign Joint Sponsored Research Agreement - JSRA - Participate on RTCA Special Committee 203/ - UAS Standards
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RTCA Special Committee 203

"RTCA has established Special Committee 203 (SC-203) at the request of the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association and the Federal Aviation Administration. The committee will initially focus on developing recommendations that will assure the safe operation of UAVs within the National Airspace System. Requested by AOPA Supported by the FAA Industry/Government Participation Manufacturers, operators, agencies
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RTCA SC 203 Terms of Reference The initial Terms of Reference (TOR) for SC-203 call for three initial products to be generated, as follows:
Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards (MASPS) for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Due date -- December 2005. MASPS for Command, Control and Communication (C3) Systems for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Due date -- June 2006. MASPS for Sense and Avoid (SA) Systems for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Due date -- December 2007.
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RTCA Special Committee 203 Goals and Objectives

Support Industrys and Governments desire to operate Unmanned Aircraft (UA) in the National Airspace System (NAS) Ensure Standards are developed that are useable in certifying UA systems, while maintaining safety and efficiency of the NAS. Ensure International continuity.

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SUMMARY
We have embarked on a historical project that will define the safe integration of UASs into the NAS We represent the rounded mix of necessary experts from industry, government and all segments of aviation that has been assembled to plan for this challenging task. This is a Global challenge

We are the pioneers, it is up to us

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