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All system operated as variable flow system Primary variable pumping Use of thermal storage Combination of active and passive systems Use of tertiary pumps (zone dividing) Challenges in condenser water pumping Remote monitoring of pumping systems
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By using Tertiary pumps the flow in load can be held constant but with a variable temperature.
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Improved performance
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Constant flow (primary) Variable flow (secondary) Two way valves Constant/variable speed pumps Constant flow (primary) Variable flow (secondary) Two way valves Constant/variable speed pumps Variable flow Two way valves Variable speed pumps
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Buffer tank
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Also the using primary variable flow has been discussion in leading technical magazines like The ASHRAE Journal. The conclusion often end up in favour of: Primary variable flow
Advantages: Lower first cost Less space required (less pumps) Reduced pump power design Lower energy consumption
Between a flow at 50% to 80% we have the highest number of operation hours, and here the saving is significant.
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For both system types there is a demand for controlled bypass to secure the minimum flow.
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Use of thermal storage provide a good opportunities to cover the peak load instead of installing more capacity, also in situation where the system is expanded.
Load Capacity handle by chillers and storage Capacity handle by chillers 24 hours
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Typical buildings where passive system can be use are buildings with large public areas like: Air ports Hotel receptions Museums Opera houses etc. Passive systems always has to combined with chilled air system to provide fresh air.
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The tertiary system/pumps can be connected to the distribution net in different ways depending on the individual conditions.
Connection with booster pump and high pressure bypass
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Indirect connection with flow temperature control, and and heat exchanger
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Closed loop system- Distribution circuit Closed systems are characterized as systems with pumps that only have to overcome the sum of friction losses, which are generated by all the components Open loop system- Heat rejection circuit Open systems are systems, where the pump is used to transport liquid from one point to another Thing to note between these two type of circuit while sizing the pump is Static head consideration.
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Condenser Pump
Condenser side is an open loop system, the only positive pressure to the pump suction are the elevation of cooling tower and atmospheric pressure, therefore, here are a few notes; Always locate the condenser pumps as close as possible to the tower Design the pumps below As much as possible below the collection basin water level Locate the condenser pumps before Condenser to avoid large pressure drop of this component Ensure sufficient NPSHA. Avoid using high pressure drop strainer, check Valve and balancing Valve at pump suction line (If strainer has to be installed, try to use large mesh opening up to 3/16 at the suction, propose is just to protect the pump and install a fine mesh strainer at the pump discharge to protect all other equipments) Avoid Overhead suction piping
Automatic event log and service log for all pumps in the system.
Plug n Play integration with Controls monitoring of all pumps and sensors. Centrally hosted database and application server. Users only need an Internet PC.
Cloud Overview
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Pump Logic Controllers Data logger
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Energy saving: To reduce operation cost To reduce CO2 emission Utilizing energy sources better
The best way to evaluate the efficiency of a pump system is to use: Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCC) LCC shows the total life time cost of a pump system. The lifetime of a quality pump system will be no less than 20 years. When used as a comparison tool between possible design or overhaul alternatives, the LCC process will show the most costeffective solution within the limits of available data.
Normally only 3 elements in the equation will add value when calculating HVAC systems in Commercial Buildings :
B. Srinivasa Rajkumar Manager Sales (HVAC) Commercial Building Services Grundfos Pumps India Direct: (+91) 44 4596 6891 Mobile: (+91) 99406 79196 Mail: srinivas@grundfos.com