By: Ellen kay R.

Cacatian

thermo analytic technique similar to (DSC) technique for recording difference in temperature between a substance & a reference material changes as a function of temperature or time, result in exothermic or endothermic reactions Same as in DSC, it monitors the reactions in materials as a function of temperature Can analyze solid ( foil, powder, crystal or granular form) and liquid Small sample (10-20 mg)

The area A on the curve is proportional to the heat of the reaction: The constant K comprises many factors, including the thermal properties of the sample, and varies with temperature.

Specimens Sample Holder Reference Holder Specimen-holder Assembly Block Record Base Line Peak Endothermic Peak Exothermic Peak Peak Width Extrapolated Onset

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Sample holder comprising thermocouples, containers & ceramic or metallic block Furnace Temperature programmer Recording system

2. 3. 4.

melting, phase transition glass transition, evaporation boiling, oxidation, decomposition Cp temperature function , Cooling crystallization

provide a stable and sufficiently large hot zone must be able to respond rapidly to commands from the temperature programmer The recording system must have a low inertia to faithfully reproduce variations in the experimental

Ensure that the thermocouple & container are consistently located with respect to each other Care is necessary in selecting the experimental parameters environment, composition, size and surface volume ratio

can be used at very high temperature highly sensitive flexibility in sample volume/form

uncertainty of heats of fusion and transition temperature

1. 2. 3. 4.

Thermal properties Phase changes Finger print for identification purposes Selection, comparison and end-use performance of materials in research , quality control & production application.

Pharmaceutical and food industries cement chemistry, mineralogical research & in environmental studies DTA curves may also be used to date bone remains to study archaeological materials

In todays market most manufactures no longer make a true DTA but rather have incorporated this technology into a Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), which provides both mass loss and thermal information.

http://physicalchemistryresources.com/Book5_sections/TA_Differential%20 Thermal%20AnalysisHTML_1.htm http://old.iupac.org/publications/analytical_compendium/Cha05sec2.pdf http://www.anasys.co.uk/library/dsc1.htm