Agile Java Dev With Spring Hibernate Eclipse

Agile Java Development
With Spring, Hibernate and Eclipse

Anil Hemrajani
anil@visualpatterns.com
Visual Patterns, Inc.
About This Presentation
Not a tutorial on any one technology!
Road map for building enterprise-class Java applications using various hot agile methods and simpler Java technologies
Requirements > Design > Code > Monitor
Downloadable code - Sample time sheet application used here
Note: Working knowledge of Java is expected for this presentation!
Some Material Taken From My Recent Book
Agile Java Development

With Spring, Hibernate and Eclipse
Forewords by Scott W. Ambler and Rod Johnson
available on amazon.com
1. Introduction to Agile Java Development 2. The Sample Application: An Online Timesheet System 3. XP and AMDD-Based Architecture and Design Modeling 4. Environment Setup: JDK, Ant, and JUnit 5. Using Hibernate For Persistent Objects 6. Overview of the Spring Framework 7. The Spring Web MVC Framework 8. The Eclipse Phenomenon 9. Logging, Debugging, Monitoring and Profiling 10. Beyond the Basics 11. What Next? 12. Parting Thoughts
Appendices (with lots of goodies)
Book Related Talks
My Background (details at VisualPatterns.com)
20 years of experience in the IT
Working with Java Technology since late 1995 as a developer, entrepreneur, author, and trainer. Helped several U.S. based Fortune 100 companies (some smaller organizations)
Published a book and 30 articles

Presented at conferences and seminars around the world Awards:
"Outstanding Contribution to the Growth of the Java Community" "Best Java Client" for BackOnline (a Java-based online backup product)
Nominated for a Computerworld-Smithsonian award by Scott McNealy
Founder of:

Isavix Corporation successful IT solutions company (now InScope Solutions) Isavix Community (now DeveloperHub.com) - award-winning online developer community (grew to over 100,000 registered members)
These days: Consultant/Author; details at VisualPatterns.com

Practical Stuff, Not Fluff!
Recently completed project for U.S. Fortune 50 company Application
Financial application process billions of $ every week Clustered application (99.9% uptime required)
Technologies: Spring, Hibernate, JUnit, Ant, Eclipse, etc.
Agenda
1. 2. 3. 4.
Introduction to Agile Java Development Agile Processes Agile Modeling
Agile Development

Environment Setup: Directory Structure, JDK, Ant and JUnit Using Hibernate For Persistent Objects The Spring Framework
The Eclipse Phenomenon!

Logging, Debugging, Monitoring, and Profiling
5. Beyond The Basics
Introduction to Agile Java Development
Assume simplicity. Travel light. - Agile Modeling principles: agilemodeling.com
What Is Agile Java Development? It Could Include
1. Agile Software Processes

Iterative Development Use an Agile method - Scrum, XP, etc.
2. Agile Architecture/Design Modeling

Incremental design with good enough models Use an agile method - Agile Model Driven Development (AMDD)
3. Agile Java Design/Development

Simple design and coding! Test-driven development (TDD) Efficient frameworks and tools (Ant, JUnit, Hibernate, Spring, Eclipse) Plain Old Java Objects (POJOs), whenever possible
Agile Processes
Requirements change. Design evolves. Documents are seldom current.
Some Stats by The Standish Group (standishgroup.com)
The Solution
CHAOS Ten Success Factors source: standishgroup.com
In 2001, seventeen software pundits came together to unify their methodologies under one umbrella; they jointly defined the term, Agile! Read story at: martinfowler.com/articles/agileStory.html
12
AgileManifesto.org
13
Term Agile Incorporates a Wide Range of Methods
AM - Agile Modeling

ASD - Adaptive Software Development AUP - Agile Unified Process
Crystal
FDD - Feature Driven Development DSDM - Dynamic Systems Development Method
Lean Software Development
Scrum
Xbreed
XP - eXtreme Programming
Others
14
Agility - All About Smaller Chunks (Shorter/Frequent Cycles)
Release 1
Iteration 0 Iteration 1
Release 2
...
Iteration n
Iteration 0
Iteration 1
...
Iteration n
...
Incrementally Build Software - Highest Priority Features First!
software
software
software
software
software
software
Agile Method: Scrum
Simple process for product/project management Product Backlog - List of known features/changes for product Sprint - 1-month iterations (develop highest priority items)
Meetings
Sprint Planning Meeting Done at beginning of each sprint

(after planning, features moved from product backlog to sprint backlog)
Daily scrum meeting (short: 15 minutes) Sprint review meeting
16
Agile Method: Extreme Programming (XP)
Shorter and Frequent Cycles (smaller chunks!)

Release - Quarterly Cycles (set a theme) Iteration - Weekly Cycles (e.g. aim for last day of week)
10-minute builds Continuous integration (multiple times per day; manual or automatic) Incremental Design and Planning (defer investment till needed) Development in small increments using Test-First development
Communications - Sit Together, Informative Workspace, onsite customer
Flow - sustainable pace versus rigid phases; velocity, continuous

integration
Others visit extremeprogramming.org

17
Presentation Outline
Introduction to Agile Java Development Agile Processes

Agile Modeling Agile Development


Beyond The Basics
18
Agile Modeling
...your goal is to build a shared understanding, it isnt to write detailed documentation.
- Scott W. Ambler
Quick Poll
Have you ever been on a project where documentation was kept up-to-date through end of project?
20
Agile Modeling Values, Practices & Principles (agilemodeling.com)

Values
Communication, sim plic it y, feedback, courage and humili ty.
Practices
Core Practices: Active Stakeholder Participat ion Model with Others Apply the Right Artifact(s) Iterate to Another Artifact Prove It with Code Use the Simplest Tools Model in Small Incr ements Single Source Informatio n Colle ctive Ownership Create Several Models in Paral lel Create Sim ple Content Depict Models Simply Displa y Models Public ly Supplementary Practices: Apply Modeling Standards Apply Patterns Gently Discar d Temporary Models Formali ze Contract Models Update Only When It Hurts Really Good Ideas: Refactoring Test-Fir st Design
Principles
Core Princip les: Model with a Purpose Maximize Stakeholder Investment Travel Light Mult iple Models Rapid Feedback Assume Simplicity Embrace Change Incremental Change Quality Work Software Is Your Primary Goal Enabling the Next Effort Is Your Secondary Goal Supplementary Principles: Content Is More Important Than Representation Open and Honest Communication
Definition Of Word Model (freedictionary.com)
"A preliminary work or construction that serves as a plan from which a final product is to be made ... used in testing or perfecting a final product."
Word model used to describe diagrams and other artifacts, in this presentation.
Agile Model Driven Development (AMDD)
Subset of Agile Modeling (agilemodeling.com) Agile version of Model Driven Development (MDD) Instead of extensive models, barely good enough Initial modeling activity
1. 2.
Requirements Architecture
Requirements modeling

Usage models Domain models UI models
Architecture modeling

Free-form diagrams Change cases

Lets apply this to a sample application, next ...

23
Initiating A New Software Application Project
24
Problem Statement
Our employees currently submit their weekly hours worked using a paper-based timesheet system that is manually intensive and errorprone. We require an automated solution for submitting employee hours worked, in the form of an electronic timesheet, approving them, and paying for the time worked. In addition, we would like to have automatic notifications of timesheet status changes and a weekly reminder to submit and approve employee timesheets.
25
Project Kickoff Meeting
26
Choices Of Release (High) Level Models
Release Level Models
scope table, glossary, etc.
domain model
user stories
UI prototype & flow map
architecture
Iteration Level Models
acceptance tests
CRC cards
application flow map
UML diagrams
database model
Model with a purpose -- shared understanding!
27
Sample Scope Table
Scope Functionality Include Time Expression will provide the capability to enter, approve, and pay for hours worked by employees. Defer Defer Time Expression will not calculate deductions from paychecks, such as federal/state taxes and medical expenses. Time Expression will not track vacation or sick leave.
Shared understanding: what's in and what's out
28
Domain Model
Shared understanding: business concepts > key domain objects

29
User Stories Or Use Cases

3
Use Case: Login
Author Anil Hemrajani Description
This process allows User to log into the System
XP Style User Story Card
Actors/Interfaces
FM Trader The System
Trigger User performs a Login action

Preconditions
N/A
Success/Basic Flow 1. The System displays the Login panel p rompting User for login details as specified in the 2. User completes all required fields and performs a Submit action. Failure/Alternative Fl ow
Invalid User ID and/or Password - The system notifies FM trader with the message Invalid User ID and/or Password . The system displays the Login panel to User with the contents of all fields empty.
Use Case - Casual, Brief or Fully Dressed
Shared understanding: features required of software

30
User Interface (UI) Prototype
Shared understanding: functionality, look-and-feel, etc.

31
UI Flow Map (Storyboard)
Shared understanding: user interface navigation/flow

32
High-Level Architecture Diagram
Web Browser
HTTP
Controller
Spring
Model
Business objects,
Hibernate beans
JDBC
RDBMS
(Oracle)
DispatcherServlet
View
JSP/HTML
Spring Scheduler
Objects managed by Spring IoC Container
BEA WebLogic Server
Shared understanding: technologies, scalability, security, reliability

33
Glossary - List Of Common Business/Technical Terms
Accounting
The accounting department/staff.
Approved
Status of a timesheet when a Manager approves a previously submitted timesheet.
Employee
A person who works on an hourly basis and reports to a manager.
Paid
Status of a timesheet when the accounting department has issued a check.
Etc
Shared understanding: common terminology
34
Choices Of Iteration Level (Detailed) Models
Release Level Models
domain model CRC cards
user stories
UI prototype & flow map
architecture
scope table, glossary, etc.
Iteration Level Models
acceptance tests
UML diagrams
database model
35
Iteration Level Details - Acceptance Tests & Active Stakeholders
Sign In
The employee id can be up to 6 characters. The password must be between 8 and 10 characters. Only valid users can sign in. Only a user's personal timesheets can be accessed. Hours must contain numeric data. Daily hours cannot exceed 16 hours. Weekly hours cannot exceed 96 hours. Hours must be billed to a department. Hours can be entered as two decimal places. Employees can only view and edit their own timesheets.
Timesheet List
Enter Hours

36
Exploring Classes Using CRC Cards

First, let's reflect on what we know,
domain model, UI and architecture
Second, let's explore classes on CRC

cards using both as input models
Class Name (Noun) Responsibilities (obligations of this class, such as business methods, exception handling, security methods, attributes/variables). Collaborators (other classes required to provide a complete solution to a high -level requirement)
Timesheet List screen
TimesheetListController Controller (in MVC) for displaying a list of timesheets.

TimesheetManager
free-form architecture
TimesheetManager
Fetches timesheet(s) from database Saves timesheet to database
Timesheet
Timesheet Knows of period ending date

domain model
Knows of time Knows of department code

37
Application Flow Map (Home Grown Artifact)
Complementary to class diagrams and CRC cards Can be extended using CRUD columns
Story Tag Timesheet List Enter Hours
View timesheetlist enterhours
Controller Class TimeSheetListController EnterHoursController
Colla borators TimesheetManager TimesheetManager
Tables Impacted Timesheet Timesheet Department
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UML Class and Package Diagrams
39
Focus Is On Working Software vs. Comprehensive Documentation

Conceptual Models
problem statement
domain model user stories UI prototypes architecture
scope table
Model in Small Increments Depict Models Simply
glossary
Physical Models
acceptance tests
CRC cards
database model
Discard temporary models Prove it with code
UML diagrams
- agilemodeling.com
Implementation
THE FINAL AND LASTING ARTIFACTS!
Data Base
UI prototype Code Base & flow map
40
Shifting Some Upfront Design to Refactoring
41
Shifting Some Upfront Design To Refactoring (Continuous Design)
Refactoring is not a new concept; the term is relatively new refactoring.com
Refactoring is a disciplined technique for restructuring an existing body of code, altering its internal structure without changing its external behavior.
- Martin Fowler
Over 100 refactoring techniques; for example:

Extract superclass
Extract interface Move class Move method
42
Agile Draw - Elegantly Simple Modeling Technique
High-Level Architecture UI Flow Map
Visit AgileDraw.org
Conceptual Class Diagram
43

Agile Development


Beyond The Basics
44
Agile Java Development: Environment Setup (Directory Structure, JDK, Ant, and JUnit)
Quick Poll
How many of you are using Ant, JUnit, Maven, Cruise Control, etc?
46
Personal Opinion:
Early Environment Setup Is Essential
Involves more than people expect/plan Cycle 0 Get minimal environment setup (scripts, directory, version control, etc.) Get end-to-end demo working Helps team
47
Directory Structure, Naming Conventions, Version Control, etc.
controller/TimesheetListController.java model/Timesheet.java model/TimesheetManager.java test/TimesheetListControllerTest.java test/TimesheetManagerTest.java view/timesheetlist.jsp

48
Ant (ant.apache.org)
Ant task types

Compile tasks (that is, javac) Deployment tasks File tasks such as copy, delete, move, and others. Property tasks for setting internal variables Audit/coverage tasks Database tasks Documentation tasks Execution tasks Mail tasks Preprocess tasks Property tasks
<ftp server="mirrors.kernel.org" action="get" remotedir="/gnu/chess" userid="anonymous" password="guest@guest.com" verbose="yes" binary="yes"> <fileset file="README.gnuchess"/> </ftp>
Remote tasks
Miscellaneous tasks (e.g. echo)
<mail tolist="friend@somehost.com" subject="Hello!" from="me@myhost.com" mailhost="myhost.com" user="myuserid" password="mypassword"/>
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JUnit (junit.org)
Originally written by

Erich Gamma (Gang of Four, Design Patterns) Kent Beck (author of Extreme Programming and Test Driven Development)
Simple framework various assert methods

assertEquals assertFalse assertNotNull assertNotSame assertNull assertSame assertTrue
public class SimpleTest extends junit.framework.TestCase { int value1 = 2, value2 = 3, expectedResult = 5; public static void main(String args[]) { junit.textui.TestRunner.run(suite()); } public static Test suite() { return new TestSuite(SimpleTest.class); } public void testAddSuccess() { assertTrue(value1 + value2 == expectedResult); }
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JUnit GUI Based Testing
Console Runner
Eclipse Plug-in
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Agile Method: Test Driven Development (TDD) w/ JUnit

A term coined by Kent Beck Also, a XP practice (test-first) Red - Green - Refactor
Write Test First

Write unit test code More unit test code More unit test code
Code, Compile, Test

Write some actual code More actual code More actual code
Several benefits to this approach:

Minimal code written to satisfy requirements (nothing more, nothing less!) If code passes the unit tests, it is done! Can help design classes better (from a client/interface perspective) Refactor with confidence
52

Agile Development
Environment Setup: Directory Structure, JDK, Ant and JUnit

Using Hibernate For Persistent Objects The Spring Framework

Beyond The Basics
53
Agile Java Development: Using Hibernate For Persistent Objects
Quick Poll
What persistence solution does your project use (e.g. JDBC, ORM, entity bean)?
55
Where Hibernate Fits Into Our Architecture
56
An Overview of Object-Relational Mapping (ORM)
ORM - Java object to database table/record mapping

Java = objects database = relational
Relationships

unidirectional and bidirectional relations in a relational database are bidirectional by definition
Cardinality (OO term is multiciplicity)

One-to-one
one-to-many many-to-one and many-to-many
Object Identity Cascade

Others
57
Hibernate Basics
Dialect (DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, SAP DB, Sybase, TimesTen) SessionFactory, Session, and Transaction Work with Database Records (as Java Objects) Object States - persistent, detached, and transient Data Types more than you'll likely need! Hibernate Query Language (HQL) powerful SQL-like language
58
From Domain Model To A (Denormalized) Physical Data Model
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Working With Hibernate - Simple Example Using Department
1. hibernate.cfg.xml Hibernate configuration file (DB

configuration)
<property name="connection.url"> jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost:9005/timex</property> <mapping resource="Department.hbm.xml" />
2. Department.hbm.xml Mapping file for our Department table

<class name="com.visualpatterns.timex.model.Department" table="Department"> <id name="departmentCode" column="departmentCode"> <property name="name" column="name"/>
3. Department.java Bean file with two variables:

String departmentCode; String name; // Setter and getter methods
4. HibernateTest.java Simple test program (on next slide)

60
HibernateTest.java
SessionFactory sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure() .buildSessionFactory(); Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession(); Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); Department department = (Department) session.get(Department.class, "IT"); System.out.println("Name for IT = " + department.getName()); ... List departmentList = session.createQuery("from Department").list(); for (int i = 0; i < departmentList.size(); i++) { department = (Department) departmentList.get(i); System.out.println("Row " + (i + 1) + "> " + department.getName() + " (" + department.getDepartmentCode() + ")"); } ... sessionFactory.close();
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Other Hibernate Features
Saving (save, merge, saveOrUpdate)

session.saveOrUpdate(timesheet)
Deleting records

session.delete(Object), or session.createQuery("DELETE from Timesheet")
Queries using Criteria interface (more OO and typesafe)
List timesheetList = session.createCriteria(Timesheet.class) .add(Restrictions.eq("employeeId", employeeId)) .list(); Related classes: Restrictions, Order, Junction, Distinct, and others
Locking Objects (Concurrency Control)

Lots More Hibernate (associtions, annotations, filters, interceptors,
scrollable iterations, native SQL, transaction management, etc.)
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Agile Development
Environment Setup: Directory Structure, JDK, Ant and JUnit Using Hibernate For Persistent Objects
The Spring Framework

Beyond The Basics
63
Agile Java Development: The Spring Framework
Spring Modules
65
Spring Java Packaging (org.springframework.)
66
Quick Poll
Are you familiar with Inversion of Control (IoC)?
IoC Container And Dependency Injection Pattern

Normal Way
public class A { B myB = new B(); C myC = new C(); }
Using IoC
Class B
IOC Container
Class C
Class A
public class A { public setB(B myB) public setC(C myC)
Dependency Injection Styles
Two Supported By Spring:

Setter/getter based
Constructor based
Fowler suggests a 3rd, interface injection,

http://www.martinfowler.com/articles/injection.html
Spring IoC Concepts: Beans, BeanFactory, ApplicationContext

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Benefits of Using Spring
Light weight Inversion of Control (IoC) container Excellent support for POJOs (e.g. declarative transaction
management)
Modular not an all-or-nothing approach
Testing dependency injection and POJOs makes for easier

testing
Many others

No Singletons
Builds on top of existing technologies (e.g. JEE, Hibernate) Robust MVC web framework Consistent database exception hierarchy (e.g. wrap SQLException)
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Where Spring Framework Fits Into Our Architecture
Optional Hibernate integration
70
Quick Poll
Which web framework do you use?
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Spring Web MVC
Easier testing mock classes, dependency injection Bind directly to business objects
Clear separation of roles validators, adaptable controllers, command

(form) object, etc.
Simple but powerful tag libraries Support for various view technologies and web frameworks (e.g. Struts,
webwork, tapestry, JSF)
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Spring MVC Java Concepts
1. Controller 2. ModelAndView 3. Command (Form Backing) Object 4. Validator 5. Spring Tag Library (spring:bind)
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Spring MVC Configuration

<servlet> <servlet-name>timex</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>timex</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.htm</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
web.xml
timex-servlet.xml
<bean id="urlMapAuthenticate class= "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <prop key="/enterhours.htm">enterHoursController</prop> ... <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" > <property name="viewClass"> <value>org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView</value> </property> <property name="prefix"> <value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value> </property> <property name="suffix"> <value>.jsp</value> </property> </bean> 74 Visual Patterns, Inc.
Sample End-To-End Flow Using Spring and Hibernate
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Timesheet List: A No-Form Controller Example
public class TimesheetListController implements Controller { ... public ModelAndView handleRequest( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
mockHttpServletRequest = new MockHttpServletRequest("GET", "/timesheetlist.htm"); ModelAndView modelAndView = timesheetListController.handleRequest( mockHttpServletRequest, null); assertNotNull(modelAndView); assertNotNull(modelAndView.getModel());
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Enter Hours: A Form Screen

1. EnterHoursController.java 2. EnterHoursValidator.java 3. enterhours.jsp
public class EnterHoursController extends SimpleFormController
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View/JSP Code Spring and JSTL Tag Libraries

<spring:bind path="command.employeeId"> <input name='<c:out value="${status.expression}"/>' value='<c:out value="${status.value}"/>' type="text" size="6" maxlength="6"> </spring:bind>
Special (Spring) variable named status status.value status.expression status.error status.errorMessage status.errorMessages status.displayValue
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Sign In (Authentication) - Spring HandlerInterceptor
public class HttpRequestInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter { public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) { if (!signedIn) { response.sendRedirect(this.signInPage); return false; }
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Other Spring Web Stuff
View with no controllers (e.g. only JSP files)

<bean id="urlFilenameController" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.UrlFilenameViewController"/> <prop key="/help.htm">urlFilenameController</prop>
Spring 2.0 new tag libraries

form:form - org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.FormTag form:input- org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.InputTag form:password - org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.PasswordInputTag form:hidden - org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.HiddenInputTag form:select - org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.SelectTag form:option - org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.OptionTag form:radiobutton - org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.RadioButtonTag Others
Other

Web Flow gaining a lot of momentum! Wizard-like features. Portlet API based on JSR-168 Portlet Specification (jcp.org).
80
Spring ORM Module: Support for Hibernate
Management of sessionfactory and session (no close calls) Declarative transaction management in light-weight containers Easier testing (pluggable Sessionfactory via XML file) Less lines of code focus on business logic!
81
Spring ORM Module: Support for Hibernate (contd)

Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession(); session.beginTransaction(); try { session.saveOrUpdate(timesheet); session.getTransaction().commit(); } catch (HibernateException e) { session.getTransaction().rollback(); throw e; }
getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(timesheet);
File DepartmentManager.java EmployeeManager.java TimesheetManager.java TOTAL
Programmatic 39 66 166 271
Declarative 22 36 87 145
Less lines of code

82
More Spring
Scheduling Jobs (with Quartz or JDK timers)

<bean id="reminderEmailJobDetail" class= "org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean"> <property name="targetObject" ref="reminderEmail" /> <property name="targetMethod" value="sendMail" /> </bean> <bean id="reminderEmailJobTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean"> <property name="jobDetail" ref="reminderEmailJobDetail" /> <property name="cronExpression" value="0 0 14 ? * 6" /> </bean>
Spring email support Much more

JEE support Sub-projects (Acegi, BeanDoc, Spring IDE, etc.)
83

Agile Development

Beyond The Basics
84
Agile Java Development: The Eclipse Phenomenon!
Quick Poll
Which IDE do you use?
86
The Eclipse Foundation, Platform and Projects
Foundation
Originally developed by Object Technology International (OTI), purchased by IBM ($40 million) and donated it to open source! Recruited various corporations; from eclipse.org: Industry leaders Borland, IBM,
MERANT, QNX Software Systems, Rational Software, Red Hat, SuSE, TogetherSoft and Webgain formed the initial eclipse.org Board of Stewards in November 2001. By the end of 2003, this initial consortium had grown to over 80 members.
My view: Eclipse foundation is similar to Apache foundation for GUI tools
Platform objectives

robust platform for highly integrated dev tools enable view and/or editing of any content type attract a large community of developers to develop plug-ins
Projects
Application Development, editors, modeling, performance, testing, reporting, and many more
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Personal Opinion:
The Java versus
Microsoft Thing
First exciting IDE Huge community - Plug-ins galore (thousand+) Ward Cunningham and Erich Gamma Battle of IDEs has only now begun!
88
How Eclipse Can Help With Our Application
89
Eclipse Basic Concepts

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Workspace (directory of projects) Workbench Perspectives Editors and Views Project Wizards (hundreds)
7. Plug-ins (galore!)
sample workspace
90
Eclipse Plug-in: Java Development Tools (JDT)
Java Browsing
JUnit
Java Compile Errors/Warnings
Ant Assist
91
JDT: Other Notable Features
Compile during save (within the blink of an eye) Formatting options Scrapbook TODO lists Others

Powerful search Code refactoring (some based on Fowler's refactoring.com) Export feature (create zip files, etc.)
92
Eclipse Plug-In: Web Tools Platform (WTP; eclipse.org)
Tools for developing JEE Web applications Editors

Source - HTML, JavaScript, CSS, JSP, SQL, XML, DTD, XSD, and WSDL Graphical - XSD and WSDL
Database access and query tools and models Web service wizards Other JEE features (EJB, JSP, Servlet) Much more
93
WTP: Notable Features

Servers
JSP Assist
Database
Web Services
94
CVS (Eclipse Team Sharing)
95
Hibernate and Spring Plug-Ins
Hibernate
Spring IDE
96
Startup Time Comparison To IntelliJ and NetBeans
IntellIJ - 1 minute, 5 seconds!
NetBeans - 42 seconds.
Eclipse with JDT, WTP, Hibernate, Eclipse... 19 seconds!
97

Agile Development
Environment Setup: Directory Structure, JDK, Ant and JUnit Using Hibernate For Persistent Objects The Spring Framework The Eclipse Phenomenon!
Beyond The Basics
98
Agile Java Development: Logging, Debugging, Monitoring, and Profiling
Quick Poll
Do you use a GUI debugger? Or, a logging framework? Or, use println statements?
100
Logging Basics and Frameworks

Types 1.Audit log 2.Tracing 3.Error reporting Pros No human intervention (automated) Great for head-less servers Cons Performance hit Can clutter code
Logging Frameworks Alternative to println statements Key benefit - Output control (destination, format, log level) Most popular - Apache Log4J and JDK Logging Jakarta Commons Logging -- bridge to frameworks
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; public class CommonsLoggingTest { private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(CommonsLoggingTest.class); public static void main(String[] args) { log.fatal("This is a FATAL message."); log.error("This is an ERROR message."); log.warn("This is a WARN message."); log.info("This is an INFO message."); log.debug("This is a DEBUG message."); } }
101
Headaches of Finding and Fixing Bugs!
102
Debugging Java Code With Eclipse

Debug
perspectives and views Breakpoints Step through code Variable inspection Hotswap Remote debugging
consolidated debugging
103
Debugging Web User Interfaces Using Mozilla Firefox

JavaScript debugger
Web Developer
Tamper Data
104
Java Monitoring and Profiling
Monitoring
Spring MBean Exporter

<bean id="timexJmxBean class= "com.visualpatterns.timex.util.TimexJmxBean" /> <bean id="exporter class= "org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter"> <property name="beans"> <map> <entry key="Time Expression:name=timex-stats" value-ref="timexJmxBean" />
JSE 5.0 includes JConsole Memory issues
Class loading and garbage collection

Management of MBeans and JDK logging level, etc Memory usage and leaks CPU utilization Trace objects and methods
Profiling
Determine performance bottlenecks

105
Introduction to Agile Java Development Agile Processes Agile Modeling Agile Development
Environment Setup: Directory Structure, JDK, Ant and JUnit Using Hibernate For Persistent Objects The Spring Framework The Eclipse Phenomenon! Logging, Debugging, Monitoring, and Profiling
Beyond The Basics
106
Beyond The Basics
Custom Tag Libraries
<timex:periodcheck checkDate="${command.periodEndingDate}"> <input name="save" type="submit" value="Save"> </timex:periodcheck>
public class PayPeriodCheckTag extends TagSupport { public int doStartTag() throws JspException { boolean includeText = ; // do something if (includeText) return TagSupport.EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE; return TagSupport.SKIP_BODY; }
108
Security, Reliability and Scalability Considerations
109
Application Security Considerations
Authentication (user and application levels) Authorization (roles, groups, etc.) Encryption (wire protocol, configuration files)
User-level authentication & authorization
Wire protocol (HTTP/S)
Application-level authentication
110
Other Considerations
Exception Handling
1. Checked exceptions (e.g. IOException) required catch or throw 2. Unchecked exceptions (e.g. NullPointerException) - no catch/throw needed 3. Errors (e.g. OutOfMemoryError)
Clustering (serialize, no static variables, simplicity)

Multi-threading (JDK 1.5 concurrent API) Rich Internet Applications (RIA)
AJaX Google Web Toolkit (GWT) - http://code.google.com/webtoolkit/ Direct Web Remoting (DWR) - http://getahead.ltd.uk/dwr/
Adobe Flex Java Swing and Web Start

111
Cool Concept For Smaller Apps - Entire System In A WAR File!
Code (source, binary) Relational database (e.g. HSQLDB) Job Scheduling
More
112
Wrap Up!
Introduction to Agile Java Development Agile Processes Agile Modeling Agile Development
Beyond The Basics
Environment Setup: Directory Structure, JDK, Ant and JUnit Using Hibernate For Persistent Objects The Spring Framework The Eclipse Phenomenon! Logging, Debugging, Monitoring, and Profiling
Constant Learning Be a Generalizing Specialist
A generalizing specialist is someone with a good grasp of how everything fits together.
- agilemodeling.com
115
Most Important Dont Forget To Have Fun! :-)
RON
STEVE
RAJ
SUSAN
116
VisualPatterns.com - Downloadable Application & Presentation
visualpatterns.com/resources.jsp

Spring Hibernate Ant JUnit DisplayTag HSQLDB
Web Browser
HTTP
Controller
Spring
Model
Business objects,
Hibernate beans Spring Scheduler JDBC
RDBMS
(Oracle)
DispatcherServlet
View
JSP/HTML
Objects managed by Spri ng IoC Contai ner
BEA WebLogic Server

VisualPatterns.com - Other Stuff

Planning
User stories are written. Release planning creates the schedule. Make frequent small releases. The Project Velocity is measured. The project is divided into iterations. Iteration planning starts each iteration. Move people around. A stand-up meeting starts each day. Fix XP when it breaks. Simplicity. Choose a system metaphor. Use CRC cards for design sessions. Create spike solutions to reduce risk. No functionality is added early. Refactor whenever and wherever possible.
Coding
The customer is always available. Code must be written to agreed standards. Code the unit test first. All production code is pair programmed. Only one pair integrates code at a time. Integrate often. Use collective code ownership. Leave optimization till last. No overtime.
Designing
Testing
All code must have unit tests. All code must pass all unit tests before it can be released. When a bug is found tests are created. Acceptance tests are run often and the score is published.
Comics
Cheat Sheets
R&D Concepts
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THE END!
agilemodeling.com agiledata.org agilemanifesto.org

Stay in touch!
extremeprogramming.org
hibernate.org springframework.org eclipse.org
Anil@VisualPatterns.com
code.google.com/webtoolkit/ getahead.ltd.uk/dwr/ VisualPatterns.com (links, comics, code, cheat sheets)

119

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Agile Java Development

With Spring, Hibernate and Eclipse

Visual Patterns, Inc.

About This Presentation

Not a tutorial on any one technology!

Requirements > Design > Code > Monitor

Downloadable code - Sample time sheet application used here

Note: Working knowledge of Java is expected for this presentation!

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Some Material Taken From My Recent Book

Agile Java Development

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Book Related Talks

Visual Patterns, Inc.

My Background (details at VisualPatterns.com)

20 years of experience in the IT

Published a book and 30 articles

Nominated for a Computerworld-Smithsonian award by Scott McNealy

These days: Consultant/Author; details at VisualPatterns.com

Practical Stuff, Not Fluff!

Recently completed project for U.S. Fortune 50 company Application

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Introduction to Agile Java Development Agile Processes Agile Modeling

The Eclipse Phenomenon!

5. Beyond The Basics

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Introduction to Agile Java Development

Assume simplicity. Travel light. - Agile Modeling principles: agilemodeling.com

Visual Patterns, Inc.

What Is Agile Java Development? It Could Include

1. Agile Software Processes

2. Agile Architecture/Design Modeling

3. Agile Java Design/Development

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Requirements change. Design evolves. Documents are seldom current.

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Some Stats by The Standish Group (standishgroup.com)

Visual Patterns, Inc.

CHAOS Ten Success Factors source: standishgroup.com

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Term Agile Incorporates a Wide Range of Methods

Lean Software Development

Agility - All About Smaller Chunks (Shorter/Frequent Cycles)

Incrementally Build Software - Highest Priority Features First!

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Agile Method: Scrum

Sprint Planning Meeting Done at beginning of each sprint

Daily scrum meeting (short: 15 minutes) Sprint review meeting

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Agile Method: Extreme Programming (XP)

Shorter and Frequent Cycles (smaller chunks!)

Communications - Sit Together, Informative Workspace, onsite customer

Flow - sustainable pace versus rigid phases; velocity, continuous

Others visit extremeprogramming.org

Introduction to Agile Java Development Agile Processes

The Eclipse Phenomenon!

Beyond The Basics

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Agile Modeling Values, Practices & Principles (agilemodeling.com)

Visual Patterns, Inc.

Definition Of Word Model (freedictionary.com)