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PHYLUM ANNELIDA
• Segmented worms;
• Marine of terrestrial;
• Each segment separated by septa and contains
fluid cavity (coelom)
• Organs (eg excretory, movement,
respiratoryper) repeated on each segment or
metamere - metamerisme
• 2 unsegmented sections are the head and
pygidium
• Head forms from prostomium and peristomium
• With seta
ANNELIDA
PHYLUM ANNELIDA –
• 3 Classes
– Polychaetes
– Oligocheates
– Hirudinea
CLASS POLYCHAETA
CLASS POLYCHEATA
• Heteronereis fasciata -
Jamaica, H. australis - New
Zealand, Nereis foliosa -
Ceylon, N. latipalpa - South
Africa, Nereilepas
amblyodonta - Australia, N.
pacifica - New Zealand,
Mastigonereis podocirra -
South Africa, M. striata - South
Africa, M. lingulata - (no text),
M. cuprea - Chile, M. longicirra
- Ceylon, M. quadridentata -
South Africa, M. heterodonta -
Cartagena & Jamaica.
Filogranella elatensis (Annelida)
• Distinct Clitellum;
• Parapodia absent;
• Setae not distinct (but can be felt)
• Coelom acts as hydroskeleton
• About 3500 spp
• All hemaphrodite
• Normally found buried in moist areas
OLIGOCHEATA – EARTH WORM
• Hirudo quinquestriata -
Australia, H. multistriata -
Ceylon, H. flava - Ceylon,
Haemopsis ceylanica -
Ceylon, Pontobdella
oligothela - Adriatic, P.
macrothela - Jamaica, P.
leucothela - Australia, P.
prionodiscus - Antilles
Sea.
POGONOPHORA
• 1900 – First found in the deep ocean of Indonesia
– Resembles a tube-dwelling annelida but:
– No segment
– No mouth, gut or anus
• Now classified as Phylum Pogonophora
• Sometimes placed under Annelida, Sub-Phylum Tropozoa
• 1977 – Giant Pogonophora (1.5 m) around ‘thermal vent’ in Pacific
Ocean.
– Feed on suphur bacteria
POGONOPHORA
PHYLUM MOLUSCA
Mollusca
• contains over 100,000 species
• variety of body forms and lifestyles
• coelom is reduced and limited to the
region around the heart
MOLLUSCA - General Characteristics
• Pentameral symmetry;
• Endoskeleton :
– Evolve from mesoderm
– Formed from network of calcium (stereom)
– Covered with ciliated epidermis or calcareous
spicule
• Complex water circulation system with tube
feet containing ampula and suction cups;
– Control water for movement of podium
• Formation of ambulakra
• Nervous system - sub-epitelium
WATER CIRCULATION SYSTEM OF ECHINODERM
Cross-section of arm of
starfish
Pediselaria
PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA - Classes
Stelleroidea
Subclass: Asteroidea – star fish
Subclass: Ophiuroidea – brittle star
Echinoidea – sand dollar
Holothuroidea – sea cucumber
Crinoidea – sea lilies, feather star.
Concentricycloidea – sea daisy
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass: Asteroidea – star fish
Acanthaster sp.
Crown of Thorns
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass: Ophiuroidea – brittle star
Class Stelleroidea - Characteristics
Stichopus sp
Class Holothuroidea
arms
calyx
Stem
Antedon sp
Class Concentricycloidea – sea daisy