European Cinema

Europe after WWI Industry lagged behind Certainty of pre-war times challenged in matters of class, art, spirituality & politically
Unemployment in the Weimar Republic

European Cinema
Russia
Lev Kuleshov the Father of Soviet Cinema and the Kuleshov Effect The viewers interpretation is determined by context (or sequence)

European Cinema
Russia
Influence of Lenin and the Revolution Filmmakers such as Vsevolod Pudovkin and Sergei Eisenstein

Eisensteins Battleship Potemkin (1925) & Pudovkins Mother (1926)

European Cinema
Montage 1. A synonym for editing. 2. An approach to editing developed by the Soviet filmmakers of the 1920s such as Pudovkin and Eisenstein; it emphasizes dynamic, often discontinuous, relationships between shots and the juxtaposition of images to create ideas not present in either shot by itself

European Cinema
France
Abel Gance Wildly experimental in form & length

Napoleon (1927)

European Cinema
Germany
Huge influence on American Cinema as so many filmmakers fled the Nazis

Ernst Lubitsch, Fritz Lang, Billy Wilder, Robert Siodmak

European Cinema
Expressionism: a theory or practice in art of seeking to depict the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse in the artist

European Cinema
Not about realism Visually expressing the inner emotion, psychology & spirituality Distorted reality for emotional effect

European Cinema
Film
Robert Wienes The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1919) Sets are distorted, artificial, shadowy, and disorienting.

European Cinema
Expressionism heavily influenced film noir & Hitchcock, Welles and many other directors

The Maltese Falcon, The Wrong Man,, Citizen Kane & Children of Men

European Cinema
The Weimar Republic, 19191933
Economic difficulty combined with thriving arts scene

Threepenny Opera & Burning Currency for Warmth

European Cinema
Universum Film AG
F.W. Murnau G.W. Pabst Fritz Lang Josef von Sternberg Billy Wilder Lotte Reiniger

European Cinema
G.W. Pabst, 1885-1967
Most successful, artistically & financially Famous for collaboration with American actress Louise Brooks Pandoras Box (1928) Diary of a Lost Girl (1929) Returned to Germany & made films during the war which proved a problem later

European Cinema
Josef von Sternberg, 1894-1969
The Blue Angel, 1930 First German talkie English and German version shot at the same time Gave us Marlene Dietrich

European Cinema
Lotte Reiniger, 1889-1981
Silhouette animator Oldest surviving animated feature film

The Adventures of Prince Achmed (1926)

European Cinema
Ernst Lubitsch, 18821947
Sophisticated comedies European sensibility Relied on the raised eyebrow and not the specifics

Ninotchka, Three Women & The Shop Around the Corner

European Cinema
The Lubitsch Touch
Billy Wilder always kept a sign hanging in his office that asked, "How would Lubitsch do it? At his funeral, Billy Wilder noted: "No more Lubitsch." William Wyler answered: "Worse than that - no more Lubitsch films."

Some Like it Hot

European Cinema
Fritz Lang, 1890-1976
Started as artist Went into the film business at UFA Broke out with Destiny (1920) & Dr Mabuse, the Gambler (1921) Went on to a long career in Hollywood Vital in the development of film noir

European Cinema
Metropolis
1927 Ground-breaking Science Fiction Bankrupted studio 1/4 film lost until recently Additional footage found a vault in Brazil Original version has not been seen since premiere although with the found footage, the film is now only missing about 10 minutes

European Cinema

European Cinema

Blade Runner

European Cinema

European Cinema
"Schufftan Process
Angled mirrors to combine miniatures with actors

European Cinema
F.W. Murnau, 1888-1931
Emigrated to Hollywood in 1926 Sunrise (1927) filmed in Movietone Sound on Film music and effects only Breakthrough process & tracking shots Special Academy Award for Best Picture, Unique and Artistic Production

Sunrise, 1927

European Cinema
Nosferatu (1922)
The Last Laugh (1924)

European Cinema
Making of Nosferatu fictionalized in Shadow of the Vampire, 2000 with John Malkovich as Murnau & Willem Dafoe as Max Schreck