Noun Pronoun Verb Adverb Adjective Conjunction Preposition Interjection

What you see and what you feel is a noun

Proper Noun Common Noun Abstract Noun Collective Noun

A special name given to any person, place, animal or thing. Always in capitals. Eg Ram Kumar, Taj Mahal, Grand Trunk Road

A common name given to all objects of the same type. Eg table, dog, planet, star Need not be capitalized unless it is the first word of a sentence.

A feeling is an Abstract Noun Eg : Cleanliness, kindness

A single word used to denote a collection of similar common nouns. Eg herd of cattle, bunch of keys

 A word that is used in place of a noun or a

pronoun. Eg he, she, it, they, them, their

Nominative
I Person II Person III Person I / We You He / She/ They / It

Objective
Me / Us You Him/ Her/ Them/ It

Possessive
My / mine Our/ ours Your / Yours His/ Her Hers/Theirs/ Its

First Person
The person who is speaking

Second Person
The person who the first person is speaking to

Third Person
The person being spoken about

 Nominative Case

The Subject in the sentence . Ram beats Sham.

Objective Case

The Object in the sentence. Ram beats Sham.

 Possessive Case

Shows belongs to or possession. If it is a Pronoun This is his shop. If it is a Proper / Common noun. This is Rams shop. This is the girls shop. shop This is the girls

 Main Verb

Present Tense Eg eat, sing, play, cut Past Tense Eg ate, sang, played, cut Past Participle Eg eaten, sung, played, cut Continuous Tense Eg eating, singing, playing cutting,

 Auxiliary Verb

Primary Auxiliary

Do,(do/does/did/done) Be (is/ are/was/were/will/shall) Have ( has / have/ had)

Modal Auxiliary

Can Could Shall Should Would Ought to

Strong and Weak Strong Verbs Eg : drink, drank, drunk send, sent, sent put, put, put Weak Verbs Eg : jump, jumped, jumped decide, decided, decided

A word that describes a noun or a pronoun

Eg, Ram is a hardworking employee.\ Sham is a nitpicking superior.

A word that describes

Verb

Eg: Ram hardly works.

Adjective Eg: Ram eats less daily. Another adverb Eg: She sings sweetly everyday.

 A word which joins two words or sentences.

Eg if, until, unless, neithernor, eitheror

A word which shows the position or relation.

Eg after, before, behind, in front of, inside

word showing strong emotion be positive / negative

May

Exclamatory mark used after the word. Eg

uck! Oops!

Ouch!

ippee!

Subject + Verb Auxiliary + Main Verb + Object Subject Vb Aux : Which performs the action : Tells the time of action and number of Subject : Actual Action : The action of the Subject affects this.

Main Vb Object

 Taken from the Latin word tempus It means time Denotes the time of action

Tenses

Present Tense

Past Tense

Future Tense

Simple

Aux - do / does Vb 1

Aux did Vb 1 / 2

Aux will / shall Vb 1

Continuous

Aux is/am/are Aux was / were Aux will be / Vb (ing) Vb (ing) shall be Vb (ing) Aux has / have Aux had Vb 3 Vb 3 Aux has / have Aux had + + been been Vb (ing) Vb (ing) Aux will have Vb 3 Aux will have + been Vb (ing)

Perfect

Perfect Continuous

 The

subject and verb are inter dependent : Verb 1 has s / es

Singular Subject

Eg Ram runs. The boss takes the decision

Plural Subject

: Verb 1 does not have s / es

Eg

The salesmen come on time. The reports show the actual sales.

or repetitive activities. Proverbs / sayings / Universal Truth To comment live

Daily

Sub + Vb aux + Main Vb + Obj Sub + do / does + Main Vb + Obj

Sub + Main Vb 1 + Obj (s / es)