Microprocessor or Microcontroller

Not just a case of you say tomarto and I say tomayto

M. Smith, ECE University of Calgary, Canada

Information taken from Analog Devices On-line Manuals with permission

http://www.analog.com/processors/resources/technicalLibrary/manuals/

Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Analog Devices assumes no responsibility for its use or for any infringement of any patent other rights of any third party which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent right of Analog Devices. Copyright Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
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To be tackled today
  

Basic microprocessor Concept of a microcontroller Difference between the Blackfin microcontroller and Blackfin Ez-Kit Lite evaluation board Capabilities of the ADSP-BF533 Blackfin EzKit Lite evaluation board Various acronyms that will be used in the course
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Microprocessor Basic concept

ADDRESS BUS 32-bit / 64-bit wide CPU contains CCU ALU data registers and pointer registers CONTROL BUS Timing signals, ready signals, interrupts etc

DATA BUS bidirectional 8-bit / 16-bit / 32-bit / 128-bit Microprocessor, by-itself, completely useless must have external peripherals to Interact with outside world
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MicroPROCESSOR Basic concept

CONTROL ADDRESS CPU contains CCU ALU data registers and pointer registers DATA BOOT ROM Used at startup Instruction (program) ROM Keyboard Screen UART Transducers Parallel interface etc

Data RAM

Microprocessor, by-itself, completely useless must have external peripherals to Interact with outside world
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Every external device needs this amount of support glue logic to work
ADDRESS BUS DECODE LOGIC Address strobe Data strobe External Device Read/Write control Device itself with all necessary internal logic CS chip select

OE output enable DATA BUS Interrupt signals, etc

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Issues with external devices



Many pins
Mechanical failure rates increased Design time increased routing issues Cost increased, board size increased

Continually redesigning same thing

Compatibility between parts Upgrade part Many similar options between different projects

In Real-life -- Dont need 100% flexibility

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MicroCONTROLLER Basic concept

CONTROL ADDRESS CPU contains CCU ALU data registers and pointer registers DATA BOOT ROM Used at startup

Instruction (program) ROM

Data RAM

UART Parallel interface Transducers Etc

Microcontroller put a limited amount of most commonly used resources inside the chip a limited amount is often enough for many applications

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Advantages of microCONTROLLER over microPROCESSOR

  

  

Pin count down Design time down, Board layout size down Upgrade path easier matching between peripherals for speed Cost down bulk purchases Reliability up Common software / hardware design environment available from manufacturer
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Issues when using microcontroller



Two types of memory speed issues when using On-chip fast, easy to access, almost like a register, limited amount of on-chip memory available Off-chip slower Use on-chip memory in a cache mode (copy off-chip data to onchip when processing data, then copy back) External components still there E.g. Video CODECs need to use DMA Direct Memory Access so that the controller can get on with the processing and let something else worry about moving data in and out of the chip Real time environment Event driven cant WAIT for a device to become ready, cant POLL to see if device is ready, interrupt handling is key All these resources are power hungry and compete for resources (data busses etc) special features
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Components of the Blackfin Board From smallest to largest



Processor Core
One core on Blackfin ADSP-BF533 Two cores on Blackfin ADSP-BF561

 

Processor itself Blackfin Evaluation board

Dont forget the software development package VisualDSP++

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Blackfin ADSP-BF533

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Enter some key discussed elements from previous slide



You need to do a load and store at the same time what registers will need to be used? Why can you do 2 loads at the same time, a load and store at the same time, but not two stores? Why would you want 8-bit ALUs operations available on a processor with 32-bit registers? Give an example of an instruction where four 8-bit ALU operations occur at the same time Give an example of an instruction where two 16-bit ALU operations occur at the same time
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Enter the key elements from previous slide



 

 

Will you learn to flash memory in this class, and how would you do it and why? What does a watch-dog timer do and how do you find out how to feed it? What does the acronym MMU stand for? What does the acronym SPI stand for, and in what labs will we be using the SPI? When is the PPI used? Whats a real time clock?
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Lab. 1 demonstration of microcontroller capability



Use the microcontroller

Configure the FLASH memory


Contains memory and also I/O components (input / output)

Use the FLASH memory I/O capability to control the LED Configure the PF I/O lines (Programmable flags)


Used to control many of the external devices (chip select and timing lines) Used as input (Lab. 2) and / or interrupt lines (Lab. 3)
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Need to learn how to configure the flash memory so that We can control the LEDs

Parallel interfaces present on the FLASH memory chips

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Push-button switches (PF lines) LED (controlled by FLASH memory logic)

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Need to configure the PF lines (Programmable Flags)

Replace one button input with the input of a temperature transducer

TMP03 will be used in Laboratory 2

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Control of the PF lines how / why?

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PF lines being used already to control other devices We are not alone!!


When we change the PF registers, we must ONLY change those over which we have control PF8, PF9, PF10, PF11 Must learn the instructions to safely change some register bits and not others (AND and OR instructions)

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Enter the key elements from previous slide

 

Which A/D is used on the Blackfin board? Why are the signals that control the LEDs coming from the FLASH? What does SPORT1 means, and what external device is being controlled by it? How does the SPORT device allow time sharing of the bus by several different external devices?
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Audio-Video Interaction of ADSP-BF533 Ez-Kit Lite with the outside world

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Review quiz


CPU stands for CCU stands for ALU stands for DMA stands for
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Review Quiz


How come the FLASH memory can be used to control the LEDs? Why cant we use PF0 line in Lab. 2 to read temperature transducer signals? Why will AND and OR operations be necessary when we control the PF lines? What does PF stand for?
Differences between a microprocessor and a microcontroller M. Smith, University of Calgary, Canada 27/ 29

13 September 2006

Tackled today
  

Basic microprocessor Concept of a microcontroller Difference between the Blackfin microcontroller and Blackfin Ez-Kit Lite evaluation board Capabilities of the ADSP-BF533 Blackfin EzKit Lite evaluation board Various acronyms that will be used in the course
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13 September 2006