A PRESENTATION ON TOPIC OF WORKERS PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT (CHAPTER-14) BY NIRAJ AGRAWAL YOGESH BHATT JWALANT JOSHI.

TOPICS INTRODUCTION SCHEMES IN WORKERS PARTICIPATION

NAME NIRAJ AGRAWAL YOGESH BHATT AND JWALANT JOSHI

INTRODUCTION TO I.R

Industrial relation is basically deals with two aspects: Cooperation and conflict. Cooperation between labour and capital is basic requirement for the successful functioning of the modern capital enterprise.

Concept of conjuction

It is a state of relationship under which the parties, instead of offering their best, offer the least in the absence of which relation will break. - Neil W. Chamberlain Here workers like to work to the level which keeps them employed. Here the concept says that a person work at its best when he owns the tools, premises, raw material and finished goods or even when the resources are hired and when capital gets separated the problem of motivation comes.

BIRTH OF WORKERS PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT

The question to be answered was, what steps should be taken to generate energy, sincerity and enthusiasm which people displays when they work on their own account. Here, concept of workers participation in management came into reference.

DEFINITION

It refers to the joint effort of labour and capital to find out solution and remedies common to both. Ian Clegg says that co-operation implies a situation when workers representative are to some extent involved in the process management.

GOALS OF W.P.M

Increasing productivity. Promoting industrial democracy. Avoiding conflict and friction.

ARGUMENT FOR THE OWNERS ABSOLUTE RIGHT TO MANAGE.

Risk and growth go together. Need for quick decision and ever changing market condition. Management of enterprise requires skills and technical ability.

ARGUMENT AGAINST THE OWNERS ABSOLUTE RIGHT TO MANAGE.

Degree of risk is more for the worker than management. Right to manage an enterprise does not imply the right to manage men also.

FORM OF W.P.M

Information sharing Problem sharing Joint consultation. Workers participation in management.

SCHEMES OF WORKERS PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT IN INDIA

Works committee(1947) 2. Joint management councils(1958) 3. Board-level participation(1970) 4. Shop councils and joint councils under old 20 point programme(1975) 5. Unit council and joint council in commercial and service org. in the public sector(1977) 6. Institution of employees participation in mgt. for P.S.U.s(1983) 7. Joint councils in Govt. services 8. Institutions in some enterprises in the Pvt. Sector
1.

1. WORKS COMMITTEES(1947)
 

Empowered by Section 3 of the dispute Act, 1947. Central & State Government have framed a rule.

Composition:
 

It consist of representatives of the employer & workmen The number of workers representatives is not less then the number of employers representatives

Function:
Workers committee is required to: Promote measures for securing & preserving amity &
good relation between the employer & workmen and, order to achieve this end, to comment upon matters their common interest or concern and endeavour compose any material difference of opinion in respect such matters. in of to of

W.C. Deal with

       

Condition of work Amenities Safety & prevention Celebrations Funds Educational & Recreational activities Promotion of saving Implementation & review of decision

W.C. does not deal with

       

Wages & allowances Bonus & profit-sharing schemes Programmes of planning and development Matters connected with retrenchment and lay-off Victimization for trade union activities P.F., gratuity scheme and other benefits Quantum of leave and national and festival holidays Incentives schemes & housing and transport service

Working and assessment:



No. of W.C.s are less than required Failure was due to statutory committees and parties concerned do not evince sufficient interest in them Recommendation of commission:a. recognized union b. mutual agreement

2. JOINT MANAGEMENT COUNCIL (1958)



Common interest In a social democracy labour is a partner in the common task of development and should participate in it with enthusiasmenterprise in the public sector have to set an example in this respect

Objective:


Promoting cordial relations Developing understanding and trust Productivity Welfare and other facility Training

Composition:


J.M.C. are to consist of equal no. of representative of management and employees not exceeding twelve in all, but not less than six in small undertaking Nomination of outsiders

Functions:
        

Promoting productivity Giving employees a better understanding Self expression Improve conditions of the employee To assist in the admn. of law and agreements Create sense of participation Consultative function Information receiving and suggestion making function Administrative function

Working:
The peaceful evolution of the economic system on a democratic basis. To promote social mobility which is an imp. Ingredient of a social system  Promotional efforts of government  Set up of special cell

3. BOARD LEVEL PARTICIPATION(1970)

4. WORKERS PARTICIPATION UNDER OLD 20 POINTS PROGRAMME (1975)



Formed on 30th October 1975. Made for organizations employing more than 500 workers It has provided for establishment of shop and enterprise level.

Shop councils: Composition and meetings: Functions:

Assist mgt. Improvement Identifying areas Studying absenteeism Safety measures General discipline Physical condition Welfare and health

Joint councils: Composition and meetings: Functions:

Optimum production Solving unresolved matters Development of skills Preparation of work schedules Awarding rewards

5. UNIT COUNCILS AND JOINT COUNCILS IN COMMERCIAL AND SERVICE ORG. IN PUBLIC SECTOR(1977)


Introduce to increase worker-management participation in large organization. Its objective was to devise a system where mutual trust and confidence are created between both the parties. The scheme was applicable to all public sector organizations employing 100 or more people but was mandatory to the org. having less than 100 employees

Unit councils:
For solving day today problems at organization level

Joint councils:Formed at divisional or regional level or at a branch of organisation.

6. SCHEME OF EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATION IN P.S.U.(1983)

Application:
To all central public sector enterprises except those which are specially exempted.

Forms:
- Shop-floor level forum - Plant level forum - Board level forum

Functions:
Shop level:cost reductions, operational efficiency, etc. Plant level:a. operational areas b. economical and financial areas c. personnel matters d. welfare areas e. environment matters Board level:Its functions includes all the shop and plant level functions plus sometimes tripartite consisting of Ministry of labour

7. JOINT COUNCILS IN GOVERNMENT SERVICE



Its objective was to promote harmonious relations and cooperation between government (as employer) and its employees. The scheme covered all govt. employees except those in a. class 1 & 2 b. in industries as managerial or administrative capacity c. supervisors whose salary exceeds maximum prescribed limit.

Structure:
It provides for formation of Office council Regional council Departmental council National council

Functions:
All matters relating to condition of service and work, welfare of employees, improvement of efficiency and standard of work.

JOINT COUNCIL IN RAILWAYS, POST & TELEGRAPH AND DEFENSE SECTOR Function:
Co-operation, consultation, discussion and negotiation but mainly in resolving differences and disputes. System:All the three organizations are having a 3-tier system a. at lower level b. at division or headquarter level c. if the above two are not effective than a tribunal to resolve any disputes

8. WORKERS PARTICIPATION IN PRIVATE SECTOR

Labour management cooperation at TISCO:


Joint department council Joint works council Joint town council Joint consultative council of management

Participation of workers in management bill 1990:



Introduced in Rajyasabha on 30th may,1990. To secure participation of workers in mgt. at all levels and to formulate new schemes.

Objectives: Main provisions of the Bill:

Mainly a 3-tier system a. Shop floor council b. Establishment council c. Representation on board of council

RECOMMENDATION OF THE 2ND NCL(2002)

Hurdles to workers participation in management in India: Basic conflict of interest Multiplicity of trade unions and factionalism The schemes consideration as imposed ones by the owners and trade unions. Complains of plethora of joint bodies in Indian industries. Lack of specific arrangements for sharing the gains of participation. Indifference towards the scheme. Lack of education and training.

      

BIBLIOGRAPHY


Book used:
Industrial Relation, Trade Union, and Labour Legislation. (Pearson Education) -By Sinha, Sinha and Shekhar