INTERVIEWING

THE OPPORTUNITY
 Always Be Ready to Interview
 Could Be Casual or Formal
 Could Be in a Store or On a Street
Corner
 Could Be at Work or a Social Affair
 Could Be at a Professional or Fun
Event
 First Impressions Really Count
Your Next “Boss/Subordinate” May Be Beside You
- At An Unexpected Time Or Place

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 TYPES OF INTERVIEWS
Categories
Employment
Appraisal
Counseling
Disciplinary
Persuasive
Types
 Layered Questions Interview
• Series of questions designed to gather
information about the “Three Employer
Concerns”

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 TYPES OF INTERVIEWS
 Performance/Role Play Interview
• Candidate role-plays job functions to
assess specific skills
 Stress Interview
• Intended to put candidate under stress
and assess reactions
 Informal Interview
• Intended to get the candidate to reveal
more information than they might
otherwise

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 TYPES OF INTERVIEWS
 Reverse Role Interview
• The candidate becomes the interviewer
 Assessment Instruments Interview
• Various types of techniques are used
to determine if candidate is a good fit
 Combination Interview
• A combination of two or more
interviews

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 MODES OF INTERVIEWING
 Telephone Screenings
 On-Campus Interview
 On-Site Interview
 Off-Site Interview
 Third Party
 Facility Visit

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Planning The Interview
Purpose
Information Gathering
Structure
Possible Questions
Plan physical setting
Anticipate problem

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CONDUCTING THE INTERVIEW

Opening
Body
Interviewer’s role
Respondent’s role

Closing

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 THREE EMPLOYER CONCERNS
 Skill Concerns
• Can you do the job?

 Personal Characteristics Concerns

• Will you do the job?

• Will you get along well with others?

• Are you manageable?

 Money Concerns
• Can the company afford you?

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Before the Interview:

 Research
 Rehearse
 Relax

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 Research:
The workplace-the physical setting
The company
The nature of the business
The company culture and philosophy
The management style
The name(s) of the interviewer(s)
The location and how to get there
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 Rehearse:
 The questions the interviewer might
ask
 The features and benefits you bring
 The stories or evidence that prove you
can address the employer’s needs
 The physical aspects of the interview-
your handshake, your body language,
your attire
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 During the Interview
 Be on time or a few minutes early
 Call if you will be detained
 Dress appropriately- conservatively
for the first meeting
 Be professional and courteous with
everyone you meet in the office,
especially the receptionist
 Make a good first impression
 Show the interviewer that you are
the perfect fit 13
 During the Interview
 Professional and firm handshake
 SMILE
 Maintain eye contact
 Positive attitude and confidence
 Enthusiasm and a good posture
 Focus on skills / accomplishments /
success stories
 Active listening is the key - make sure
you understand the reason for the
question 14
 During the Interview
 Ask for clarifications and / or
paraphrase the question to make
sure you know what the interviewer
means
 Refrain from criticizing others
(including your past employer /
workplace
 Thank the interviewer and arrange a
follow-up 15
 After the Interview
Review
 Assess how you did
 What questions you answered well
 Which responses need
improvement
 Fill in interview checklist

Relax
 Do something pleasurable
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 POST INTERVIEW ACTIONS
 Follow-up Communications
• Oral and written

 Position Acceptance/Rejection
• Oral and written

 Human Resources Organization

• Do not circumnavigate them unless
you have prior approval from them

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 ETHICS OF INTERVIEWING
 Guidelines for the Interviewer
 Don’t make unrealistic promises
 Don’t reveal confidential information
 Don’t ask illegal question
 Don’t be overbearing
 Don’t be overfriendly
 Guidelines for the respondent
 Don’t be dishonest
 Don’t waste interviewer’s time

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GROUP
COMMUNICATION
&
EFFECTIVE MEETING
Characteristics of Groups

 Groups Range in size from 3 to 15

people.
 Members know each other by name or
role.
 There is a considerable amount of
interaction.
 Members are interdependent.
 Common goals, interests, benefits of
membership are shared within the group.
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 ROLES - Group Communication
 Effective groups establish cohesiveness and norms.
 Roles (Every member plays at least one role).
 Task Roles
 Information agent: offers facts and asks for inpu
 Elaborator: offers further clarification
 Personal Roles
 Harmonizer: smoothes over tension in the group
 Gatekeeper: controls communication channels
 Problem Roles
 Blocker: negative and stubbornly resistant
behavior
 Avoider: displays noninvolvement
21 in the group
FACTORS AFFECTING GROUP
COMMUNICATION

 SIZE
 Longevity
 Leadership
 Self-concept
 Status

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PROCESS

Orientation Stage
Conflict stage
Emergence stage
Reinforcement stage

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Styles of Decision Making

 Authoritarian
Two situations call for
this style:
Crisis situations

Lack of group knowledge

There are major

disadvantages to this
method.
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Styles of Decision Making

• Laissez-Faire Decision Making

–Valuable time and resources can
be lost.
–This group operates without
guidance from a designated
leader.

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 Styles of Decision making

 Participative:
 The leader makes decisions with
the group.
 Benefits are noted from research:

Members are more committed to outcomes.

Quality of decisions is improved.

 Limitations revolve around time

issues and perceptions of the
leader’s expertise.
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EFFECTIVE MEETINGS

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ANSWERE THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS

Why
Which
Who
Where
When

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THINGS TO REMEMBER
Notice
Agenda
Minutes
Opening
Execution
Conclusion
Follow-up

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 Types of Meetings

• Informational (or instructional) meeting

– formal
– informal
• Problem-solving
and decision-
making meetings
• Change Facilitating Meetings

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Plan a Meeting
“The P3 Model”

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 Plan a Meeting
Plan the meeting prior to its assembly using
the “N.E.A.T.E.R.” acronym.

Nature

Plan Expectations

a Agenda Effective
Effective
Meeting
Meeting
Meeting Time

Extra Resources

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FOLLOW - UP

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Making, Organizing
and Presenting the
Speech
 Getting Started
 What is being requested of me?
 Logistics of the event
 Where
 Travel Plans
 Schedule Travel Times
 When
 Plan on arriving at least 30 minutes early for
set up
 Are there other speakers? You may
need to coordinate.
 Equipment Available
 LCD, Microphone, Extra Handouts, etc.
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 Remember

 Purpose
 What is the goal of this speech?
 Inform
 Change Minds
 Academic
 Etc.

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PURPOSE
Informative
Persuasive
Entertaining

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ANALYZING THE AUDIENCE

Age
Sex
Occupation
Intelligence
Background
Culture

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Research the Topic and Audience
 Grasp the Objective
 When requested to speak, be
sure to make sure that your
understanding of the topic is
THEIR understanding of the
topic.
 Research the topic thoroughly.
This helps prepare for
questions.
 Interview the inviter if
necessary

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Research the Topic and Audience
 Know the audience
 Formal – (First
Impressions Count!)
 Informal
 Students
 Audit Committee
 Understand the Type of Speech
 Persuasive, Informative,
Demonstrative,
Commemorative(remember),
Other 40
Methods of Speaking
UsingManuscript
Memory
Impromptu
Extemporaneous

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Organizing Structures
The Introduction
The Body
Chronological pattern
Spatial Pattern
Causal order
Topical pattern
The conclusion

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Draft the Presentation

 Outline the Major Points

 Introduction (Tell them what
you are going to say)
 Body (Tell them)
 Conclusion (Tell them what you
told them)
 Build in the Detail within each major point
 Make the presentation appropriate for the
audience
 Once “completed”, set it down for 48
hours, then revisit.
 Have someone else review
43 it if appropriate.
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Present

 Dress Appropriately
 Use the restroom immediately before
presenting
 Make sure you are healthy. Postpone
if you are ill (if possible).
 Make sure your language is
appropriate
 Start with a story or an appropriate
joke. This draws in the audience.
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Present (Continued)

 Expect to be a bit nervous

 Be sure to meet with the
meeting’s “chairman” so they
know you are there.
 Check to make sure equipment
works and is available
 Have paper copies as a backup

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 Present (Continued)
 If you make a mistake, laugh at yourself,
make the correction, then move forward.
 Avoid jargon.
 Avoid overuse of acronyms.
 Interject interesting information to “keep”
your audience
 Money
 Anecdotal Stories
 Take off your watch, but place it where you
can see it. Watch your time.
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 Present (Continued)

 Address your audience, not your shoes or

the slides.
 Speak clearly and slowly and with
appropriate volume
 Note : If a Microphone is
provided, use it. Sometimes
presentations are recorded or
off-site people will not be
able to hear unless you speak
through the microphone.
 End conclusively!
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Persuasive Speech
Problem – solution order
Motivated Sequence
Deductive and inductive
structures

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How To make Speech effective
 Supporting
Idea
Illustration
Statistics
Expert Testimony
Analogies
Anecdotes (real life
characters), Fables
(animals),
Parables(fictitious stories)

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How To make Speech effective
 VisualAids
 Using Right Medium
Handouts
Boards
Flip charts
OHP
Slides
Computers
Videotapes, audiotapes, films etc
Models & Physical objects
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Improve your skills

 After the presentation, think

about how well you did.
 Look for areas of improvement.
 Keep a “library” of presentations
that you can use for the future
along with notes of what went
well / not well.
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