Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Activities
Policy research
Structure
Market research
Informal
Academic research
Formal
Information Provision
Co-operative
Boycott co-ordination Focus
Professional
Protests and demos Natural environment
Entrepreneurial
Campaigning Social issues
Network
Development
Poverty alleviation
Human rights
Animal welfare
• Indirect action
– Provision of data, research reports, and policy briefings
(Smith 1990)
– Provision of misleading information (Whawell 1998)
• Violent direct action
– Illegal
– Often generates the most publicity (Smith 1990)
– Huntingdon Life Sciences
– Is this action ‘civil’ at all?