Solar

Mission
TANZANIA - AFRIKA
January 2011 FIRST issue

Hong-Kyu Choi
Promise Ministries, New York
City Christian Center, Dar es Salaam
Mission Statement

The mission is to develop cost-

effective solar photovoltaic and
active thermal systems in Tanzania-
Afrika for helping to improve
the lives of the local people
in the name of Christ Jesus.

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Contents
Bible & Christianity
• CHRIST JESUS ……….…….….…………. ..… 4
• Paul – Great Interpreter of Jesus’ Mission …..… 5
• William Carey – father of modern missions ....… 6
Tanzania - Afrika
• About Tanzania …………….……….….……… 7
• Tanzania – Brief Modern History …….…... …… 8
• Tanzania – Population & Religion …….……….. 9
Solar Technology
• Solar Applications …..............................……….. 10
• Solar PV System at CCC ..…………….…. …… 11
• Solar PV System – Design Procedures …… …… 12

My Resumé ……..…………………………………. 13

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CHRIST JESUS
The Lord’s Prayer
’Our Father in heaven,
hallowed be Your name,
Your kingdom come,
Your will be done on earth,
as it is in heaven.
JOHN 3: 16-17
Give us today our daily bread.
Forgive us our debts, as we also “For God so loved the world
have forgiven our debtors. that he gave his one and only
Son, that whoever believes in
And lead us not into temptation, him shall not perish but have
but deliver us from the evil eternal life. For God did not
one.’
send his Son into the world to
(For Yours is the Kingdom, and the condemn the world, but to
power, and the glory, forever, save the world through him.”
Amen.) - Matthew 6: 9-13

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Paul – Great Interpreter of Jesus’ Mission
ACTS 9: 15-16
“Go! This man is my chosen instrument to carry
my name before the Gentiles and their kings and
before the people of Israel. I will show him how
much he must suffer for my name.” - NIV

Ephesians 2:16
and in this one body to reconcile both of them
to God through the cross, by which he put to
death their hostility.

Colossians 1:20
and through him to reconcile to himself all things,
whether things on earth or things in heaven, by
making peace through his blood, shed on the cross.

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William Carey – father of modern missions
‘ 하나님으로부터
위대한 것을 기대하고 ,
하나님을 위하여
위대한 일을 시도하라’

‘Expect great things from God;

Attempt great things for God.’

• Born on 17 August 1761; Died on 9 June 1834 at Serampore, India

• 1803 Founded Self-supporting missionary organization
Known as ‘father of modern missions’
• 1809 Completed translation of Bible in Bengali

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About Tanzania
Tanzania
Flag
• Officially adopted on June 30, 1964
• Official name: Jamhuri ya Muungano Wa Tanzania
• Comprises of 5 diagonal stripes symbolizing:
 Top Green: agriculture and the fertility of the land
 Bottom Blue: the Indian Ocean, eastern coastline
 Middle Black: the land and people
 Two Yellows: mineral wealth

Location: In eastern Africa Constituted by the mainland

(Tanganyika) and the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba.
C
On land the country is bordered by Uganda Kenya Rwanda
P Burundi Zaire Zambia Malawi and Mozambique.

Capitals: Dodoma (p), Dar es Salaam (c)

Area: 945, 037 Sq. km
Official Languages: Swahili English

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Tanzania – Brief Modern History
In 1929 they formed the African Association in Dar es Salaam.
In 1953 Julius Nyerere was elected president of the Tanganyika African Association.
In 1954 it was renamed the Tanzania African National Union.
Tanzania became independent on 9 December 1961 with Nyerere as prime minister.

On 9 December 1962 Tanzania became a republic and Nyerere became president.

In 1967 Nyerere made the Arusha declaration indicating his vision of a socialist Tanzania.
Nyerere planned to create huge collective farms. The policy proved disastrous for Tanzania.
World donors demanded reform for help. Nyerere was unwilling to change his policies.
In 1985 Nyerere resigned. Ali Hassan Mwinyi tried to repair the economy for 10 years.

Mwinyi encouraged foreign investment. The Tanzanian economy began to grow steadily.
In 1992, a multi-party democracy. In 1995 Benjamin Mkapa became president.
In 2001 school fees were abolished. Attendance at school greatly increased.
In 2005 Jakaya Kikwete was elected president. In 2010, he reelected.
Tanzania has considerable mineral resources and great potential for tourism.

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Tanzania – Population & Religion
Population: 41,048,532 as of July 2009
 0-14 years: 43% (male: 8,853,529 female: 8,805,810)
 15-64 year: 54% (male: 10,956,133 female: 11,255,868)
 65 years and over: 3% (male: 513,959 female: 663,233)
 Population growth rate: 2.04%
 Birth rate: 34.29 births / 1,000 populations
 Dearth rate: 12.59 deaths / 1,000 populations

Ethnic Groups
 Mainland – Africans: 99% (95% are Bantu, more than 130 tribes)
 Others: 1% (Asian, European, Arab)

Religions
 Christian: 30%
 Muslim: 35%
 Indigenous Belief: 35%
 Zanzibar: more than 99% Muslim
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 Solar Applications
Photovoltaic Thermal
Photovoltaic – Photon / ultraviolet

Thermal – Heat / infrared

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Solar PV System at CCC
Education
System Energy Balance
Daily Total Loads [kWhr] 34.46
Daily Solar Harvest [kWhr] 22.80
Battery Supplied [kWhr] 11.66

Technology Demonstration
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Solar PV System – Design Procedures
AC Average Daily Loads in watt-hours:
- Calculate Daily Load Energy Demand in watt-hours
Loads
Battery Sizing: - Calculate Average Amp-hours per Day
- Safety Factor, Battery AH Capacity
Battery - Batteries in Parallel and Series

PV Panel Sizing: - Peak Sun Hours, Safety Factor, Panel Power

- Calculate PV Panel Max Amp required
PV Panel - PV Panels in Series and Parallel

Charge Controller: - PV Panel short circuit current

Controller - PV panels in Parallel , Controller capacity
- Number of Controller
Inverter Inverter: - AC Total Connected, AC Output voltage / current Max
- Continuous AC Current, Number of Inverters

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My Resumé
• Ph.D.: The University of Arizona – 1989. 8
Dissertation: Analysis and Modeling of the Long-Term
Performance of Amorphous Photovoltaic Arrays
• M.S.: The University of Arizona – 1986. 12
Thesis: Solar Absorption Cooling System Analysis
with Spreadsheet Models
• B.S.: Sogang University, Seoul, Korea – 1973. 2
Major: Electronic Engineering

• Institute for Advanced Engineering – 1995

Daewoo Group, Chief Research Engineer: R&D Planning
• Université de Perpignan, France – 1993
Joint Research: STELF process with Professor Bernard Spinner
• The Republic of Korea Air Force – 1973
First Lieutenant: Air-to-air missile Expert

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God Bless You!
Ahsante Sana…
Many Thanks…

Information, Questions or Suggestions

Contact: Promisesolar@gmail.com
Hong K. Choi, Ph.D.