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Radiant Heat
Heat
sensation felt when energy strikes or penetrates our
skin therefore raising the temperature of our tissue.
ARTIFICIAL
The most convenient and the most popular
source of infrared.
Used predominantly at home and medical
practice such as space heaters, hair dryers and
ovens.
DIVISIONS OF ARTIFICIAL
SOURCES:
1.NON-LUMINOUS
Also referred to as Low temperature or Infrared
radiators
A simple type of element for producing infrared
rays.
NON-LUMINOUS
3 TYPES:
1. Passing of electric current on a coiled wire wound
on a cylinder insulating material (fireclay).
1. IRR are emitted from hot wires and fireclay
which is heated by conduction.
2. Not perfectly non-luminous.
2. Passing of electric current on a coiled wire
embedded or placed behind an insulating material.
2. The emission of rays is then entirely from the
fireclay (painted black) and very few visible
rays are produced.
3. Passing of current on a spiral wire embedded in some
electrical insulator that is then contained in a steel tube
approximately 8 mm in diameter.
Current passes through the central wire
produces heat conducted by insulator to the steel tube
infrared rays are emitted.
TIME:
1st type- 5 minutes
Other types- 10 to15 minutes
DIVISIONS OF ARTIFICIAL
SOURCES:
2.LUMINOUS
Also called High temperature or Heat Lamps
Emits a large amount of luminous radiation through
one or more incandescent lamp.
LUMINOUS:
An incandescent lamp consisting of a wire filament
in a glass bulb.
electric current passes though the filament and
produces heat – IRR along with visible and few
UVR.
*The filament is a coil of fine wire and is usually
made of tungsten.
can tolerate repeated heating and
cooling.
ACCESORIES:
Localisers
Can be fitted to some types of lamp and facilitate the
treatment of areas of various sizes.
Filters
Absorbs shorter visible and ultra-violet rays
DEPTH PENETRATION
& Absorption:
Dependent on the wavelength of the radiation used.
o NON-LUMINOUS
Low temperature therefore long wavelength
Absorbed primarily in the stratum corneum-
superficial layer.
Depth of penetration: 0.05mm.-0.1mm.
LUMINOUS
High temperature therefore short wavelength.
Emits near infrared which penetrates deeper into the
skin.
VASODILATATION
Dilation of the capillaries and arterioles in the
superficial tissues.
due to the effect of the heat, to the action of
the metabolites and to irritation of the superficial
sensory nerve endings (unless heating is very mild)
PIGMENTATION
Due to repeated exposure to infrared rays.
Mottle in appearance
Pigmentation may be observed on the legs of
individuals who habitually sit close to the fire.
EFFECTS OF SENSORY NERVES
Mild heating sedative effect
Intense heating irritating effect
The irritating effect- marked in luminous irradiation
more than non-luminous generator.
probably due to the action of shorter visible
and UVR than IRR.
EFFECTS ON MUSCLE TISSUE
temperature induces muscle relaxation and
efficiency of muscle action.
*Destruction of Tissue:
Liable to occur if the heating is excessive.
GENERAL RISE IN TEMPERATURE
Occurs if the treatment is extensive and prolonged.
The blood in superficial vessels is heated
passes to other parts of body temperature.
FALL IN BLOOD PRESSURE
Presence of malignancy.
FIN
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QUIZ:
1. What are the 2 sources of Infrared?
2. ...
3. Also referred to as Low temperature or infrared
radiators.
4. 3 physiologic effects of infrared
5. ...
6. ...
7. 2 therapeutic effects of IR
8. ...
9. Dependent on the wavelength of the radiation.
10. 1 contraindication of IR.