Project Pmdcmotor

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
B.tech Project OF PROPAGATION

Presentation 2010 MODEL FOR
WIRELESS LAN
SPEED CONTROL OF PMDC MOTOR

National Institute of Science & Technology
Under the guidance of

Mr.Arabindo Panda
Presented by
Balakrushna Sahu (200613461)

Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik (200625036)
By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [1]

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
INTRODUCTION
This project provide an idea about the speed control of PMDC

motor
•Speed controller designed so that motor runs very close to reference

speed in closed loop operation.
•For speed controller design we have used:-

 Pulse width modulator .
 PID controller.

(1)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
PMDC MOTOR
Permanent Magnet DC motors are useful in a range of

applications, from battery powered devices Like wheelchairs and
power tools, to conveyors and door openers, welding equipment, X-
ray and pumping equipment etc.
The PM motor’s field has a high reluctance (low permeability),

Whereas The shunt motor’s field has a low reluctance (high
permeability).
The major advantage of PMDC motor is that it provides high

torque at low speed.

(2)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
METHODS OF SPEED CONTROL
Flux control method
Armature control method.
PWM technique.
• Among all the electronics method of controlling speed the PWM

(pulse width modulation) method is the best one as it uses the
variable conduction period or variable duty cycle to control the
speed of the motor .

(3)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
APPROACH TO PROJECT
The diagram below shows how comparing a ramping waveform

with a DC level produces the PWM waveform .

(4)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
BLOCK DIAGRAM

(5)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT
7812 +12V
2 .2 k
1 2 - 0 - 1 2 V A C /1 A m p
L ED
2 3 0 VA C
- +
5 0 H z
7805 +5V
1 k
IN 4 0 0 7 * 4
1000uF/35V
L ED
GND
P OW E R
By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik S U PP L Y [7]
(6)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF PWM GENERATOR

(7)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
SIMULATION OF PWM GENERATOR USING PSPICE

(8)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
OUTPUT WAVEFORM OF SCHIMTT TRIGGER

(9)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
OUTPUT WAVEFORM OF INTEGRATOR

(10)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
OUTPUT OF SQUARE WAVE AND TRIANGULAR WAVE

(11)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
OUTPUT WAVEFORM OF INVERTING AMPLIFIER

(12)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
OUTPUT WAVEFORM OF PWM GENERATOR

(13)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
SPEED CONTROL OF PMDC MOTOR USING PID CONTROLLER

(14)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
FUNCTION BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PMDC MOTOR
The internal parameters in the

above electrical model are:
TL
1.Armature resistance (ohms)
2.Armature inductance (H)
Ia 3.Torque constant (N.m/A)
4.Coulomb friction torque (N.m)
5.Viscous friction gain (N.m.s)
6.Initial speed (rad/s)
In the DC_PM_Motor block fuction A+ and A- are armature connections,J is the

moment of inertia. TLis the load torque. Ia is the armature current.
By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattanaik [16]

(15)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
TUNING METHODS OF PID CONTROLLER
There are various methods of tunning the PID controller.

They are
 Step response method.
 Oscillation boundary method.
 Ziegler-Nichols Tuning.

(16)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
CONVENTIONAL METHODS OF TUNING
Although you'll find many methods and theories on tuning a PID,

here's a straight forward approach to get you up and solving quickly.
1. SET KP. Starting with KP=0, KI=0 and KD=0, increase KP until
the output starts overshooting and ringing significantly.
2. SET KD. Increase KD until the overshoot is reduced to an

acceptable level.
3. SET KI. Increase KI until the final error is equal to zero.

(17)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
Ziegler-Nichols Tuning
The steps for tuning a PID controller via the 2nd method are as
follows:
Using only proportional feedback control:
1. Reduce the integrator and derivative gains to 0.
2. Increase Kp from 0 to some critical value Kp=Kcr at which

sustained oscillations occur. If it does not occur then another
method has to be applied.
3. Note the value Kcr and the corresponding period of sustained

oscillation, Pcr.

(18)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
CONTINUE…
The controller gains are now specified as

follows:

(19)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
OUTPUT RESPONSES
Output response with Kp=0,Ki=0,Kd=0

(20)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
OUTPUT RESPONSES(CONTD.)
Output response with Kp=50, Ki=0, Kd=0

(21)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
Output response with Kp=50, Ki=0, Kd=1

(22)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
Output response with Kp=50, Ki=0.5, Kd=1

(23)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
OUTPUT ANALYSIS
• Here our aim is to get better speed .by using PID controller the
the overshoots and undershoots are minimized.
• Several methods for tuning the controllers have been presented.

There can be vast differences in the results produced by different
tuning procedures.
• The quality of the tuning is very much dependent on the

compatibility of the tuning method with the plant behavior and
the performance goals.

(24)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN
CONCLUSION
• Speed control of PMDC motor is easily achieved by using the

PWM technique.
• Output results are confirmed using the Pspice simulation.
• Speed conrol is also achieved by using PID controller with
different tuning methods and output response obtained from
simulation is acurate one.
By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattanaik [26]

(26)
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
WIRELESS LAN

(27)

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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS

B.tech Project OF PROPAGATION

SPEED CONTROL OF PMDC MOTOR

Under the guidance of

Balakrushna Sahu (200613461)

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [1]

This project provide an idea about the speed control of PMDC

•Speed controller designed so that motor runs very close to reference

•For speed controller design we have used:-

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [2]

Permanent Magnet DC motors are useful in a range of

The PM motor’s field has a high reluctance (low permeability),

The major advantage of PMDC motor is that it provides high

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [3]

Flux control method

Armature control method.

• Among all the electronics method of controlling speed the PWM

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [4]

The diagram below shows how comparing a ramping waveform

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [5]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [6]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [8]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [9]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [10]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [11]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [12]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [13]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [14]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [15]

The internal parameters in the

In the DC_PM_Motor block fuction A+ and A- are armature connections,J is the

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattanaik [16]

There are various methods of tunning the PID controller.

 Step response method.

 Oscillation boundary method.

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [17]

Although you'll find many methods and theories on tuning a PID,

2. SET KD. Increase KD until the overshoot is reduced to an

3. SET KI. Increase KI until the final error is equal to zero.

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [18]

2. Increase Kp from 0 to some critical value Kp=Kcr at which

3. Note the value Kcr and the corresponding period of sustained

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [19]

The controller gains are now specified as

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [20]

Output response with Kp=0,Ki=0,Kd=0

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [21]

Output response with Kp=50, Ki=0, Kd=0

Output response with Kp=50, Ki=0, Kd=1

Output response with Kp=50, Ki=0.5, Kd=1

• Several methods for tuning the controllers have been presented.

• The quality of the tuning is very much dependent on the

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [25]

• Speed control of PMDC motor is easily achieved by using the

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattanaik [26]

By Balakrushna Sahu & Sandeep Kumar Pattnaik [27]

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