Unidad temática 5: BASES DE

DATOS CON SQL

Objetivo de la unidad temática: Demostrar las sentencias SQL para efectuar
inserciones, eliminaciones, modificaciones, consultas y vistas de registros en
una base de datos.
  
Sentencias SQL.
Insertar

INSERT INTO "nombre_tabla" ("columna1", "columna2", ...)

VALUES ("valor1", "valor2", ...);

INSERT INTO productos VALUES (‘a01’, ‘Afilador’,2.50,’2007-11-02’);

INSERT INTO productos VALUES (‘s01’, ‘Silla mod. ZAZ’,20,’2007-11-03’);
INSERT INTO productos VALUES (‘s02’, ‘Silla mod. XAX’,25,’2007-11-03’);
Sentencias SQL.
Eliminar, borrar

Eliminar filas mediante DELETE

DELETE table_or_view
FROM table_sources
WHERE search_condition
DELETE FROM personas where nombre = ´juan´;

Borrar toda la base de datos

DROP TABLE table
DROP TABLE personas;
Sentencias SQL.
Modificar

UPDATE "nombre_tabla"
SET "columna_1" = [nuevo valor]
WHERE "condición";

UPDATE productos
SET categoria = “silla”
WHERE LEFT (nombre,5) = “Silla”;
Sentencias SQL.
Consultar
SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT] [TOP nExpr [PERCENT]] [Alias.] Select_Item
[[AS] Column_Name] [, [Alias.] Select_Item [[AS] Column_Name] ...]
FROM [FORCE][DatabaseName!]Table [[AS] Local_Alias]
[[INNER | LEFT [OUTER] | RIGHT [OUTER] | FULL [OUTER] JOIN
DatabaseName!] Table [[AS] Local_Alias] [ON JoinCondition …]
[[INTO Destination] | [TO FILE FileName [ADDITIVE] | TO PRINTER
[PROMPT] | TO SCREEN]] [PREFERENCE PreferenceName]
[NOCONSOLE] [PLAIN] [NOWAIT]
[WHERE JoinCondition [AND JoinCondition ...]
[AND | OR FilterCondition [AND | OR FilterCondition ...]]]
[GROUP BY GroupColumn [, GroupColumn ...]]
[HAVING FilterCondition] [UNION [ALL] SELECTCommand]
[ORDER BY Order_Item [ASC | DESC] [, Order_Item [ASC | DESC] ...]]

SELECT *FROM productos WHERE nombre = “Afilador”;

Sentencias SQL.
Crear vistas

CREATE VIEW "NOMBRE_VISTA" AS "Instrucción SQL";

CREATE VIEW clientes

AS SELECT nombre, apellido, pais
FROM Clientes_Nuevos;