PRESENTED BY: Shine sharma

(58)
Shreya Gupta (59)
 In the today world, Two devices are in network if
a process in one device is able to
exchange information with a process in another
device.
 Networks are known as a medium of connections
between nodes (set of devices) or computers. A
network is consist of group of computer systems,
servers, networking devices are linked together
to share resources, including a printer or a file
server. The connections is established by using
either cable media or wireless media.
 Local area network (LAN).
 Metropolitan area network (MAN).
 Wide area network (WAN).
 Wireless local area network (WLAN).
 Storage area network (SAN).
 Personal area network (PAN).
 A LAN is a privately owned computer network covering
a small Networks geographical area, like a home,
office, or groups of buildings e.g. a school Network
 A LAN is used to connect the computers and other
network devices so that the devices can communicate
with each other to share the resources
 Now-a-days LANs are being installed using wireless
technologies. Such a system makes use of access point
or APs to transmit and receive data. One of the
computers in a network can become a server serving all
the remaining computers called Clients.
 For example, a library will have a wired or wireless
LAN Network for users to interconnect local networking
devices e.g., printers and servers to connect to
the internet.
 It is less costly as it is built with inexpensive
hardware such as hubs, network adapters,
and Ethernet cables.
 The data is transferred at an extremely faster
rate in Local Area Network.
 Local Area Network provides higher security.
 A metropolitan area network is a network that covers
a larger geographic area by interconnecting a
different LAN to form a larger network.
 Government agencies use MAN to connect to the
citizens and private industries.
 In MAN, various LANs are connected to each other
through a telephone exchange line.
 It has a higher range than Local Area Network(LAN).
 Extends to a range of 100 kms.
 A MAN usually interconnects a number of local area
networks using a high-capacity backbone technology,
such as fiber-optical links, and provides up-link
services to wide area networks and the Internet.
 MAN is used in communication between the
banks in a city.
 It can be used in an Airline Reservation.
 It can be used in a college within a city.
 It can also be used for communication in the
military.
 A Wide Area Network is a network that extends over a
large geographical area such as states or countries.
 A Wide Area Network is quite bigger network than the
LAN.
 A Wide Area Network is not limited to a single
location, but it spans over a large geographical area
through a telephone line, fibre optic cable or satellite
links.
 The internet is one of the biggest WAN in the world.
 A Wide Area Network is widely used in the field of
Business, government, and education.
 Mobile Broadband: A 4G network is widely
used across a region or country.
 Last mile: A telecom company is used to
provide the internet services to the customers
in hundreds of cities by connecting their
home with fiber.
 Private network: A bank provides a private
network that connects the 44 offices. This
network is made by using the telephone
leased line provided by the telecom company.
 Geographical area: A Wide Area Network provides a large geographical area.
Suppose if the branch of our office is in a different city then we can connect
with them through WAN. The internet provides a leased line through which
we can connect with another branch.
 Centralized data: In case of WAN network, data is centralized. Therefore, we
do not need to buy the emails, files or back up servers.
 Get updated files: Software companies work on the live server. Therefore,
the programmers get the updated files within seconds.
 Exchange messages: In a WAN network, messages are transmitted fast. The
web application like Facebook, Watsapp, Skype allows you to communicate
with friends.
 Sharing of software and resources: In WAN network, we can share the
software and other resources like a hard drive, RAM.
 Global business: We can do the business over the internet globally.
 High bandwidth: If we use the leased lines for our company then this gives
the high bandwidth. The high bandwidth increases the data transfer rate
which in turn increases the productivity of our company.
 Security issue: A WAN network has more security issues
as compared to LAN and MAN network as all the
technologies are combined together that creates the
security problem.
 Needs Firewall & antivirus software: The data is
transferred on the internet which can be changed or
hacked by the hackers, so the firewall needs to be used.
Some people can inject the virus in our system so
antivirus is needed to protect from such a virus.
 High Setup cost: An installation cost of the WAN
network is high as it involves the purchasing of routers,
switches.
 Troubleshooting problems: It covers a large area so
fixing the problem is difficult.
 WLAN sometimes referred to as LAWN, for local
area wireless network) provide wireless network
communication over short distances using radio or
infrared signals instead of traditional network
cabling.
 WLAN is one in which a mobile user can connect to
a local area network (LAN) through a wireless
connection.
● Wireless connections can extend or replace a Wired
infrastructure:
The wiring-free aspect of wireless LAN networking is very
attractive as you can connect the various computers in
your home together without having to drill holes and pull
network cables through walls and ceilings.
● Increased productivity for the mobile employee:
The mobile user whose primary computer is a portable computer
can change location and always remain connected to the
network. This enables the mobile user to travel to various places
let it be meeting rooms, hallways, lobbies, cafeterias,
classrooms, and so forth.
● Easy access to the Internet in public places:
Beyond the corporate workplace, access to the Internet and even
corporate sites can be made available through public wireless “hot
spot” networks.
 Less secure than wired network.
 Physical barrier can create problem.
 less acceptable than LAN in corporate & govt
institutions.
 Repeaters needed.
 A SAN typically supports data storage, retrieval and
replication on business networks using high-end
servers, multiple disk arrays and Fibre Channel
interconnection technology.
 SANs support disk mirroring, backup and restore,
archival and retrieval of archived data, data
migration from one storage device to another and
the sharing of data among different servers in a
network.
 Components: cabling, host bus adapters (HBA) &
switches.0
 Simple Storage– SAN can more simple to manage than other
storage systems. It is easier to access information and also to
increase capacity
 Increased Efficiency – If your business has multiple locations
then you can use the storage as who needs it the most
regardless of where it is storage. Resources can be used more
efficiently since they are used where they are needed most.
 Maintenance – SAN works independently from the business’
servers. This means that if there are issues with the servers,
SAN will be unaffected.
 Disaster Recovery– Information can be copied to another
business system in real time to another system at another
location. Users will be able to access information in the case
of any major problems or emergencies.
 A campus area networks (CANs) is a computer
network interconnecting a few local area networks
(LANs) within a university campus or corporate
campus Network.
 Campus area network may link a variety of campus
buildings . A campus area network is larger than a
local area network but smaller than a metropolitan
area network (MAN) or wide area network (WAN).
 CAN might also stand for corporate area network.
 A personal area network is a computer network
organized around an individual person. Personal
area networks typically involve a mobile computer ,
Personal area networks can be constructed with
cables or wirelessly . Personal area networks
generally cover a Network range of less than 10
meters (about 30 feet).
 WPAN is a PAN carried over a low-powered, short-
distance wireless network technology such
as Wireless USB, Bluetooth or ZigBee. The reach of
a WPAN varies from a few centimetres to a few
meters.