Excretory

System
(Urinary System)
 What is Excretory
System?
The excretory System is responsible for
the critical role of removing liquid and solid
wastes from the human body. In the short
term, the rate at which the kidneys filter
blood changes in relation to how hard the
athlete exercises. Also constipation may be
relieved.
 What is Excretory
System?
The excretory System traps wastes
like urea and excess salts and expels
them from the body. In the process, it
helps preserve a vital balance in the
level of salts and fluids in the blood.
 What is Excretory
System?
A portion of your brain called the
hypothalamus regulates excretion by
producing anti-diuretic hormone (ADH),
which acts to reduce the amount of water
removed from the blood by the kidneys
and thereby to reduce the rate of
excretion.
 Parts and Function

Aorta
Supplies the blood that is being filtered by
the kidneys.

Vena Cava
The vena cava is a large vein that carries de-
oxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart.
De-oxygenated blood means most of the oxygen has
been removed by tissues, and therefore the blood is
darker.
 Parts and Function
Renal Artery
Oxygenated blood comes to the kidneys from
the right and left renal arteries off the
abdominal aorta.

Renal Vein
Deoxygenated blood leaves the kidneys via the
right and left renal veins that run into to the
inferior vena cava.
 Parts and Function
Kidney
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs in the renal
system. They help the body pass waste as urine. They also help
filter blood before sending it back to the heart. The kidneys
perform many crucial functions, including:

 Maintaining overall fluid balance

 Regulating and filtering minerals from blood
 Filtering waste materials from food, medications, and toxic
substances
 Creating hormones that help produce red blood cells,
promote bone health, and regulate blood pressure
 Parts and Function
Ureter
The ureter is a tube that carries
urine from the kidney to the urinary
bladder. There are two ureters, one
attached to each kidney. The upper half of
the ureter is located in the abdomen and
the lower half is located in the pelvic area.
The ureter is about 10 to 12 inches
long in the average adult. The tube has
thick walls composed of a fibrous, a
muscular, and a mucus coat, which are
able to contract.
 Parts and Function

Urinary Bladder
The urinary bladder is a
muscular sac in the pelvis, just
above and behind the pubic bone.
When empty, the bladder is about
the size and shape of a pear. Urine
is made in the kidneys and travels
down two tubes called ureters to
the bladder. The bladder stores
urine, allowing urination to be
infrequent and controlled.
 Parts and Function
Urethra
Urethra, duct that transmits urine from the
bladder to the exterior of the body during
urination. The urethra is held closed by the urethral
sphincter, a muscular structure that helps keep
urine in the bladder until voiding can occur.
Effects of Exercise Training
in Excretory System
As you continue to exercise, your body
loses more water. After a certain point, the
hypothalamus begins to boost the release of
ADH from the pituitary gland to conserve water
as much as possible. As ADH level rise, the
kidneys produce more concentrated urine, thus
causing the level of sodium in the bloodstream
to further drop.
Effects of Exercise Training
in Excretory System

When you exercise, you may begin to

sweat as your body tries to keep down its
temperature. Sweating removes water and
salts from your body together with a small
amount of urea. As the level of sodium in your
bloodstream drops, ADH secretion also falls,
and your kidney produce urine that is more
dilute.
Effects of Exercise Training
in Excretory System
Exercise also provides a fresh, highly
oxygenated blood supply to the major
organs of the excretory system, aim to get
30-60 minutes of exercise 3 to 5 time per
week.
Effects of Exercise Training
in Excretory System
Your skin is an important part of the
excretory system. One of the ways you body
excretes toxins is through sweat. When you
exercise, you sweat more and you also need more
water. Sweat is made up of some of the processes
of respiration, such as dead cells, according to
Franklin Institute.
Effects of Exercise Training
in Excretory System
When you exercise, blood flow to your
kidneys is diminished due to an increase in the
activity of the sympathetic nervous system, the fight
or flight component of the nervous system. This
reduction in blood flow is necessary to maintain
your blood pressure as blood vessels dilate in your
working muscles. Because of the decrease in blood
flow, the amount of fluid filtered by your kidneys
also is reduced during moderate to intense exercise,
resulting in decreased urine production.
 Types of exercise to
improve kidney function
Continuous activity such as walking,
swimming, bicycling (indoors or out), skiing,
aerobic dancing or any other activities in which you
need to move large muscle groups continuously.
Low-level strengthening exercises may also be
beneficial as part of your program.
THANK
YOU!!!!