Prophet Muhammad as a Leader

PRESENTED BY: HAJRA ZAREEN (15061)

SABA AWAN (15591)
PRESENTED TO: MAM SHAHLA
 What is Leadership?

The ability of a superior to influence the

behavior of subordinates and persuade them
to follow a particular course of action.
 ‫َّللاَ َولا ْلََ ْو ََ ْلاْ ِِ َر َوََك ََر ه‬
ً ِ‫َّللاَ َكث‬
‫َرلا‬ َ ‫سنَةٌ ِل َم ْن ك‬
‫َان يَ ْر ُجو ه‬ ْ ُ ‫َّللاِ أ‬
َ ‫س َوةٌ َح‬ ُ ‫َان لَ ُك ْم فِي َر‬
‫سو ِل ه‬ َ ‫لَقَ ْد ك‬

“You have indeed, in the life of Rasool-Allah, the 'Best Model' for him
whose hope is in Allah and the Day of the Hereafter, and who engages
himself much in the remembrance of Allah”.
(Surah Al Azhab Verse no. 21)
 Prophet Muhammad’s unique communication and leadership style led to the
spread of Islam, not only within Arabia but also outside to the north, south, east,
west and southwest of Arabia. As a leader during wartime or as a leader during
peacetime, Prophet Muhammad proved to master skillful techniques with which
he accomplished his goals in delivering the message of Islam.
 Prophet Muhammad communicative values of liberty, justice, modesty, and
politeness were matched with practical deeds. The people saw this action of his
and identified with. Prophet Muhammad' skills as manifested in his speeches
demonstrated to the eyes of all humankind that he was indeed a great leader
worthy of note.
 The Essence of Islamic leadership

 Abdullah bin Umar reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said,
“Every one of you is a shepherd and is responsible for his flock. The leader of the people is a gua
rdian and is responsible for his subjects: a man is the guardian of his family and is responsible fo
r his subjects, a woman is the guardian of her husband’s home and of his children and is responsi
ble for them, and the slave of a man is a guardian of his master’s property and is responsible for it
. Surely, everyone of you is a shepherd and responsible for his flock.”
 Qualities of a good leader
 Honest
 Forward‐looking
 Inspiring
 Loyal
 Broad‐minded
 Cooperative
 Courage and determination
 Supportive
 Straightforward
 Simplicity
1. Prophet (PBUH) was called Al- Ameen in his
childhood.

2. He was an acceptable personality to all, even for the

enemies of Islam.

3. Quraish entrusted to him the role of placing Hajarul

Aswad during reconstruction of the Ka'ba.
 As a Spiritual Leader
 Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) remains the human being whose life is the most
documented than any other. His case is unique and outstanding as: a spiritual
leader, a father, a husband, a businessman, a political leader, etc.
 Even with the combination of all the above, one role never influenced negatively
the other.

 Almighty God said of him “…the best example to follow…”.

 Even though it is difficult to define the right concept of God, the Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH) successfully taught his people and his followers about
Almighty God without painting any picture of Him or any kind of representation
whatsoever (Qur’an chapter 112).
 As a Spiritual Leader cont:
 A person in a position of responsibility must not order his subordinates to do what
is forbidden in Islam or harmful.
 The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) did not just preach but went on to show
mankind how to achieve success.
 He made Muslims aware of the consequences of disobeying Allah (SWT) both in
this world as well as in the hereafter.
 He established a religious and social framework for the life many races.
 He introduce a whole new way of life that is followed not only in his own age but
till today. He preached Islam as the restoration and perfection of the Abrahamic
faith.
A great leader with courage, passion, commitment
 The character of Prophet Muhammad (saw), whose
posture in the battlefield was described by Ali (Ra),,
is as follows: "Every time when fighting became
intense we took refuge with Prophet Muhammad
(saw). None of us was nearer to the enemy than
he".

 Then Prophet Muhammad (saw) returned to the

seat of command and with his heart overflowing with
faith, turned his face to the Aimighty and said: "O
Lord! If this group is annihilated today, none else will
worship you on the face of the earth."
  One well-known example of Prophet Muhammad’s consultative
approach to leadership was set in the Battle of the Trench (Ghazwat
al-Khandaq). This battle is referred to in Chapter 33 of the Qur’an,
which is named “Al-Aḥzāb (The Confederates)” after the
confederate armies of Arab and Jewish tribes that attacked the
Muslims in Medina. The Prophet discussed with his Companions
their defensive options against an army that was 3-4 times their size.
Salmān Al-Fārisī suggested digging a trench around Medina that
would neutralize the horse- and camel-mounted troops of the enemy.
The Prophet agreed to the plan which ultimately proved completely
successful.
 The essentiality of consultation in Islamic leadership is confirmed elsewhere in the Qur’an
in the context of mentioning commendable attributes of the believers:

 Those who avoid the gravest of sins and indecencies, and when they become angry they
forgive. (42.37) And those who answer their Lord, perform prayer, whose affair is determined
by consultation among themselves, and spend of what We have given them. (42.38)

 Another beautiful aspect of Prophet Muhammad’s leadership is combining authority and power
with mercy and gentleness. This combination is difficult to achieve. Those who are merciful and
gentle may fail to become leaders, lacking firmness and decision making skills. On the other hand,
those who are in leadership positions find it very difficult to behave with mercy and kindness as
they exercise their power and authority.
 The qualities of the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
are some of his noble manners that Allah described in this most
beautiful and unique way:

 You have indeed great manners. (68.4)

 Leadership principles followed by the Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH)

 An in depth study of the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) shows that
he followed principles listed as follow:
 1st Principle: To begin from the possible
Aisha, She said: “Whenever the Prophet had to choose between two options, he
always opted for the easier choice” (Al-Bukhari).
 2nd Principle: To see advantage in disadvantage
The prophet Muhammad (PBUH) guided by the Qur’an (94: 5-6), saw
opportunities in every problem.
Leadership principles followed by the Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH)
 3rd Principle: To change the place of action
He migrated to find more suitable place to fulfill his mission, that was to deliver
the message of Islam.
 4th Principle: To make a friend out of an enemy (Qur’an 41:34)
The life of the Prophet is an historical testimony of this. He returned bad deeds by
doing good and that had a conquering effect over his enemies.
 5th Principle: To turn minus into plus
A British orientalist remarked “He faced adversity with the determination to
writing success out of failure”.
 6th Principle: The power of peace is stronger than the power of violence
He ordered his direst opponents to go free after the conquest of Mecca. That
resulted in them to willingly and immediately accept Islam.
 Leadership principles followed by the Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH)
 7th Principle: Not to be a dichotomous thinker
He always looked for a third option instead of focusing on 2 only.
 8th Principle: To bring the battle in one’s own favorable field
He refused to engage in battles if he can sign treaties that can allow the
confrontation of ideas instead of fighting. He knew Islam will prevail in those
cases.
 9th Principle: Gradualism instead of radicalism
He implemented social changes gradually rather than radically attacking all
aspects at once.
 10th Principle: To be pragmatic in controversial matters
He was willing to compromise in order to reach agreement as long as that does not
affect the Islamic faith.
 Needless to say, the leadership qualities the Qur’an promotes are not found in
most Muslim political leaders today. Consultation has been replaced by
dictatorship, whereas mercifulness, kindness, and forgiveness have given way to
brutality and harshness. Furthermore, the leadership that the Qur’an promotes are
applicable in various walks of life not only politics, including work and home.
Thank You