CLOUD

COMPUTING
A Presentation By:
Kuldeep Badekar (02)
Pankaj Barapatre (06)
Rushabh Doshi (16)
Rohan Khanvilkar (22)
Namrata Tayade (51)
 What Is Cloud Computing?
 Key to the definition of cloud computing is the “cloud” itself. Here , the
cloud is a large group of interconnected computers.
 These computers can be personal computers or network servers; they can
be public or private.
 This cloud of computers extends beyond a single company or enterprise.
The applications and data served by the cloud are available to broad
group of users, cross-enterprise and cross-platform.
 Access is via the Internet. Any authorized user can access these docs and
apps from any computer over any Internet connection.
• Cloud computing is a way of computing, via the
Internet, that broadly shares computer resources
instead of using software or storage on a local PC. Cloud
= Internet.
• Not to be confused with
• Grid Computing – a form of distributed computing
• Cluster of loosely coupled, networked computers acting in concert
to perform very large tasks
• Utility Computing – packaging of computing resources such as
computing power, storage, also a metered services
• Autonomic computing – self managed
 Cloud vs Grid Computing
• Both computing types involve multitenancy and
Grid multitask, meaning that many customers can
Computing perform different tasks, accessing a single or
multiple application instances.
• Data grid: well suited for data-intensive storage,
it is not economically suited for storing objects as
Data Grid
small as 1 byte. In a data grid, the amounts of
distributed data must be large. NOT SO WITH
CLOUD COMPUTING.
Computational • Computational grid focuses on computationally
Grid intensive operations ONLY. Cloud computing
offers two types of instances: standard and high-
CPU.
 Clouds Versus Grids

• Clouds and Grids are distinct

• Cloud
• Full private cluster is provisioned
• Individual user can only get a tiny fraction of the total resource pool
• No support for cloud federation except through the client interface
• Opaque with respect to resources
• Grid
• Built so that individual users can get most, if not all of the resources in
a single request
• Middleware approach takes federation as a first principle
• Resources are exposed, often as bare metal
• These differences mandate different architectures for each
 Cloud vs Utility Computing
• Utility computing relates to the business
model in which application infrastructure
resources — hardware and/or software —
are delivered. While cloud computing
relates to the way we design, build, deploy
and run applications that operate in an a
virtualized environment, sharing resources
and boasting the ability to dynamically
grow, shrink and self-heal.
key properties of cloud computing:

Cloud Computing Is User Centric :

Once as a user are connected to the cloud, whatever is stored
there—documents, messages, images, applications, whatever—becomes
authorized to the user access them. In addition, not only is the data, but one can
also share it with others. In effect, any device that accesses your data in the
cloud also becomes yours.
 Cloud Computing Is Task-Centric:
Instead of focusing on the application and what
it can do, the focus is on what one need done and how the
application can do it for us. Traditional applications—word
processing, spreadsheets, email, and so on—are becoming less
important than the documents they create.

Cloud Computing Is Powerful:

Connecting hundreds or thousands of
computers together in a cloud creates a wealth of computing
power impossible with a single desktop PC.
 Cloud Computing Is Accessible:
Because data is stored in the cloud, users can instantly retrieve more
information from multiple repositories. We are not limited to a single source of
data, as we do with a desktop PC.

Cloud Computing Is Intelligent:

With all the various data stored on the computers in a cloud, data
mining and analysis are necessary to access that information in an intelligent manner.
Cloud Computing Is Programmable:
Many of the tasks necessary with cloud computing must be
automated. For example, to protect the integrity of the data, information stored on a
single computer in the cloud must be replicated on other computers in the cloud. If
that one computer goes offline, the cloud’s programming automatically redistributes
that computer’s data to a new computer in the cloud.
 Considering Cloud Hardware
• Cooling

• CPU, Memory and Local Disk

• Data storage and networking

• Redundancy

• Software embedded with Data center

 A comparison of Corporate and
Cloud Data Centers
Traditional Corporate Data Center
Thousands of different applications
Mixed hardware environment
Multiple management tools
Frequent application patching and
updating
Complex workloads
Multiple software architectures
Cloud Data Center
Few applications
Homogeneous hardware environment
Standardized management tools
Minimal application patching and
updating
Simple workloads
Single standard software architecture
History of Cloud Computing
• Concept dating back to the 1960’s by John McCarthy, a
computer scientist, brought up the idea that
"computation may someday be organized as a public
utility”

• Idea that revolutionized Cloud Computing:

– Utility computing
– Grid computing

 “In some ways, the cloud is a natural next step from the
grid-utility model,” said Frank Gens, an analyst at the
research firm IDC
• In June 2009, a study conducted by
VersionOne found that 41% of senior IT
professionals actually don't know what cloud
computing is and two-thirds of senior finance
professionals are confused by the concept,
highlighting the young nature of the
technology.
 Cloud Computing: Properties
• Dynamic provision of services/resource pools in a
coordinated fashion
• On demand computing – No waiting period
• Location of resource is irrelevant
• Applications run somewhere on the cloud
• Web applications fulfill these for end user
• However, for application developers and IT
• Allows develop, deploy and run applications that can easily grow
capacity(scalability), work fast(performance), and offer good reliability
• Without concern for the nature and location of underlying infrastructure
• Activate, retire resources
• Dynamically update infrastructure elements without affecting the
business
 V i r t u a l i z a ti o n
Virtualization is “something which is not REAL, but
displays the full qualities of the REAL”.

A software implementation of a machine that executes

programs like a real machine.
Cloud Computing: Components
Infrastructur
e as a Service
(IaaS)

Cloud
Computing
Platform as a Software as a
Service Service
(PaaS) (SaaS)
 Software as a Service
 Defined as service-on-demand, where a provider will
license software tailored
 Infrastructure providers can allow customers’ to run
applications off their infrastructure, but transparent
to the end user
 Customers can utilize greater computing power while
saving on the following
– Cost
– Space
– Power Consumption
– Facility
 Platform as a Service

• Provides all the facilities necessary to support the

complete process of building and delivering web
applications and services, all available over the
internet
• Infrastructure providers can transparently alter the
platforms for their customers’ unique needs
• Google App Engine, Heroku, Mosso, Engine Yard,
Joyent or force.com (SalesForce platform) are few of
the examples of service providers.
 Infrastructure as a Service
 Defined as delivery of computer infrastructure as a
service
 Fully outsourced service so businesses do not have to purchase servers,
software or equipment
 Infrastructure providers can dynamically allocate
resources for service providers
 Service providers offer this service to end users
 Allows cost savings for the service providers, since they do not need to

operate their own datacenter

 Ad hoc systems allow quick customization to consumer demands

 Amazon’s EC2, GoGrid, RightScale and Linode are few of the examples of
service providers.
Typical Server Specs:

IBM System x3950 M2

Processor : Intel Xeon Processor 7400 series

up to 2.66 GHz (six cores)/1066 MHz front-side bus
Cache (max) Up to 16 MB
Memory (max) 4 GB or 8 GB/256 GB max PC2-5300 DDR II
Maximum internal storage 587 GB
P o w e r s u p p l y ( s t d / m a x ) 1 4 4 0 W 2 2 0 V 2 / 2
Warranty 3-year customer replaceable unit
and onsite limited warranty

COST US $17,642.04
Around 9lakhs INR
Public, Private and Hybrid Clouds
 Public Clouds

• Open for use by general public

Exist beyond firewall, fully hosted and managed by the
vendor
Individuals, corporations and others
Amazon's Web Services and Google appEngine are examples
• Offers scalability, flexibility and automated
management
• Security and compliance?
• Reliability concerns hinder the adoption of cloud
Amazon S3 services were down for 6 hours
 Private Clouds
• Within the boundaries(firewall) of the organization
• All advantages of public cloud with one major difference
Reduce operation costs
Has to be managed by the enterprise
• Fine grained control over resources
• More secure as they are internal to org
• Schedule and reshuffle resources based on business demands
• Development requires hardware investments and in-house
expertise
• Cost could be prohibitive and cost might exceed public clouds
 Salesforce.com
• Salesforce.com was founded in March 1999 by
former Oracle executive Marc Benioff
• Idea was- create a way to allow customer
relationship management
• In June 2004, the company went public on the
New York Stock Exchange under the stock symbol
CRM
• Currently, turnover of the company is more than
1.2 billion $
SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT
Multi-
tenancy
foundation
User
interface metadata

Logic Salesforce.com
infrastructure

integration
database
Application Services
• Gmail, GoogleCalender
• Payroll, HR, CRM etc
• Sugarm CRM, IBM Lotus Live

Platform Services
• Middleware, Intergation, Messaging, Information,
connectivity etc
• AWS, IBM Virtual images, Boomi, CastIron

Infrastructure Services
• IBM Blue house
• VMWare, Amazon EC2
• Microsoft Azure Platform
 Layers: Cond.
Individuals Corporations Non-Commercial

Cloud Middle Ware

Storage OS Network Service(apps) SLA(monitor),

Provisioning Provisioning Provisioning Provisioning Security, Billing,
Payment

Resources

Services Storage Network OS

 Virtualized Desktop
• Applications, data, files and anything graphic
are separated from the actual desktop and
stored on a server in a data centre

• TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)

• Thin Clients
 Client Desktop
• Session – based computing

• Operating – system streaming

• Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)

• PC Blade
 Some Facts
• Data centers are underutilized, often idle 85% of
the time
• Over provisioning
• Insufficient capacity planning and sizing
• Improper understanding of scalability requirements etc
• Many thought leaders agree that this new model
offers significant advantages for fast-paced
startups, & enterprises
• Cost effective solutions are required
 Cloud Computing Benefits
• Agility – On demand computing infrastructure
• Linearly scalable – challenge

• Reliability and fault tolerance

• Self healing – Hot backups, etc

• Multi-tenancy – Several customers share infrastructure, without compromising

privacy and security of each of the customer’s data

• Service-oriented – One service failure will not disrupt other services

• Virtualized – decoupled from underlying hardware. Multiple applications can

run in one computer

• Data, Data, Data

• Distributing, partitioning, security, and synchronization
Cloud Computing Benefits (Contd.)
• Simple
• Transparent => need to “see” into the cloud
• Scalable => complexity often limits scalability
• Secure => limits adoptability
• Extensible
• New application classes and service classes may require
new features
• Easy
• To install
• To maintain
 Cloud Computing Benefits Contd.
• Extensibility
• Simple architecture

• Client-side interface

• Security
• Must be compatible with local security policies

• Packaging, installation, maintenance

 Dos & Don'ts of clouding
Dos Don't
• Consider the cloud of • Be reactive
financial issue
• Apply cloud to everything
• Give importance to security
• Forget about service
• Start with a pilot project management

• Consult with other • Neglect Governance

experienced players
HAPPY CLOUDING!