Zionism Movement and the

Holocaust
 Words To Know
• Zionism – movement to form a Jewish state in
Israel
• Holocaust – mass murder of Jews and other
prisoners by the Germans in World War II
• Holy Land – place where Biblical events
occurred
• Concentration Camps- places where Jewish
prisoners were confined
• Palestinians – Arabs in Palestine (present day
Israel
• Refugees – people fleeing from a land
 History of Anti-Semitism in the
Middle East
• 70 B.C.E – The Romans
conquered Palestine and
required Jews to worship
Roman Gods.
• Death of Jesus Christ and
the establishment of
Christianity as an official
religion
• Laws were passed that
prevented people from
eating with, working with,
or mixing with Jews.
• Jews were forbidden to
run for office and
participate in government.
History of Anti-Semitism Continued
• The 1st Crusades
• “Baptism or Death”
• Nearly 10,000 Jews died
because they refused to
convert
• One leader vowed “to leave
no single member of the
Jewish race alive.”

• Because of the
Crusades, many Jews
fled to Eastern and
Central Europe.
•
Reasons
1400s and 1500s
Continued…
• Jews were relegated to jobs in banking which resulted in the stereotype of
them as “money-hungry.”
• Blamed for various problems in the community
• Forced to live in isolated “ghettos”
• Artists portrayed Jews as devils and as Satan.
• Over time, Jews were driven from Central Europe and
• settled in Poland and Russia.
• In the 1800s, Jews were murdered in organized killings
• called pogroms.
 The BIG Picture
Anti-Semitism followed
Jewish People
wherever they went!!!!
The Solution To Anti-Semitism

ZIONISM!!!!
 Positive and Negative Arguments
for the Zionist Movement
• Jews could no longer • Biblical obligation to
live as minority in live in the land of
other countries Israel.
• Jews could no longer • The land was
expect non-Jewish promised to them as
governments to the land of their roots.
protect them. • Jews needed a
• Jews needed a country of their own to
country of their own to faithfully fulfill their
escape persecution. religious obligations.
 Theodor Herzl
By 1897 Theodor Herzl's
book The Jewish State
spread like wildfire
throughout the Jewish
world and Herzl became
the most recognizable
leader of the Zionist
movement when he
presided over the first
international Zionist
Congress.
 Taking Sides of Jewish Homeland
• At the end of WWI, Britain gained
Palestine.
• British government limited the migration of Jews to
Palestine.
• Jews were angry because they helped Britain to
gain Palestine.
• This sentiment increased animosity between the
Jewish population and the Arab population that
already lived in Palestine.
 Eventually, the Balfour Declaration was declared.
It recognized Palestine as a “Jewish” state.
 Images of the Holocaust
• It is estimated that 6 million Jews were
murdered during the World War II
 Images of the Holocaust
• German soldiers often looked for Jews
and would treat them harsh. Many Jews
were confined to concentration camps.
 Images of the Holocaust
• Many Jewish families were divided during
the Holocaust. Some never saw each
other again.
 Images of the Holocaust
• Symbols such as the one below
represented Anti-Semitism. Anti-
Semitism is hatred toward Jewish people.