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– Manual Transfer
• Planned start-ups GENERATOR
BTS
UAT I/C
• Planned shut-downs UNIT STATION
– Protective Transfer BOARD BOARD
Trip
– Load Throwoff
Fig. 1. Thermal power plant: Main-Tie BTS configuration.
• Class B Trip
– Boiler, Turbine Trips
– Auto Transfer
• Self Detection
May 23, 2018 4
Main-Tie-Main (3 Breaker Scheme)
Eg. Industrial Process Plant Auxiliaries
Configurations : SOURCE I SOURCE II
– Normally Closed Tie Breaker
– Normally Open Tie Breaker
Transfer Conditions
– Manual Transfer I/C I I/C II
BTS
• Planned start-ups BREAKER BREAKER
• Planned shut-downs
– Protective Transfer BUS I BUS II
TIE
• Source equipment failure M M
BREAKER
M M
• Under Voltage/Frequency/|df/dt|
Transfer Conditions
GENERATOR
– Manual Transfer UAT I/C BTS
• Planned shut-downs
TIE-1 TIE-2
– Protective Transfer M M
(NC)
• Self Detection
– Protective Transfer
• UAT/GT Transformer Trip for Fig.4. Thermal power plant with GCB and UAT sized to take
Unit to Station Transfer station board load: Main-Tie-Main BTS configuration.
CO-GEN
UNIT
Source Capacity
Restrictions
I/C I I/C II
Shedding
BUS I BUS II
TIE
BREAKER
M M M M
220kV LINE #2
T T T T
GTB#1 STB#1 GTB#2 STB#2 GTB#3 STB#3 GTB#4 STB#4
Fig. 8. 4x210 MW Thermal Power Plant – LBB Trip resulting in Unit & Station Board AC Failure
NORMAL ALTERNATE
SOURCE SOURCE
BREAKER BREAKER
MOTOR BUS
MOTOR BUS
VOLTAGE PHASOR
(VBUS)
VOLTAGE COLLAPSE
AND PHASE DECAY
CHARACTERISTICS
OF THE MOTOR BUS
t = T0 + Tclosing
t = T0
( T0), ’(T0), ’’(T0) MOTOR BUS
VOLTAGE PHASOR
(VBUS)