Gas Behavior and Gas Laws

Jane Dowell
3/29/16
 Measuring Gas
• Volume • Temperature
– Because gas fills the
space it is in the volume
of the gas is the same as
its container
– Def—a measure of the
average energy of
motion of the particles
of a substance.
– Gas particles are moving
fast so the temperature
is higher but it is
dependent on the
substance
 Measuring Gas
• The form of the balloon
• Pressure
is partly the balloon but
– Def—the force of the
mostly due to the
gas’s outward push
divided by the area of pressure inside.
the walls of the • The pressure inside the
container balloon is greater than
– Formula the air outside the
Pressure = Force/Area balloon
– Measured in units of
kilopascals (kPa)
 Gas Behavior
• Gas behavior is
movement of particles
goes from a high
concentration to a low
concentration, so the
air will hit the edges of
the balloon or any
container it is in until
the pressure equalizes.
 Relating Pressure and Volume
• Pressure is related to • So you would use the
the volume of the plunger on the bicycle
container. pump to blow the tire
back up.
• What is making the air
from the pump go into
the tire?
• What is happening to
the inside of the pump?
• Let’s say you got a flat
 Relating Pressure and Volume
• Robert Boyle in 1600’s
found that the volume of
gases at different
temperatures were
opposite
• Boyle’s law states:
– When the pressure of a gas
is increased at a constant
temperature, the volume
of the gas decreases and
when the pressure is
decreased, the volume
increases
Relating Pressure and Temperature
• Remember that pressure • So Joseph Gay-Lussac saw
is measured by how much the relationship between
the gas particles push on the two and came up with
the walls of the container his law that states:
and that temperature is – When a temperature of a
the measure of the gas at a constant volume is
average speed of said increased, the pressure of
the gas increases and
particles
when the temperature is
decreased, the pressure of
the gas decreases.
Gay Lussac’s Gas Law
 Relating Volume and Temperature
• If the temperature in a • Jacques Charles
balloon is increased, examined the
will the volume change? relationship between
temperature and
• The answer is yes, but volume of a gas that is
will it increase or kept under a constant
decrease? pressure
 Charles’s Law
• Charles’s Law states:
– When temperature of a
gas is increased at a
constant pressure, its
volume increases and
when the temperature
of a gas is decreased its
volume decreases
 How to Graph Boyle’s Law
• In Boyle’s law the two
variables, pressure and
volume, have an inverse
relationship; therefore,
the graph will show a
non linear line
 Graphing Gay Lussac’s and Charles’s
Laws
• In both Gay Lussac’s
and Charles’s Laws are
directly proportional
relationship; therefore,
they will both have a Gay Lussac Law
linear line on a graph

Charles Law